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Application of atmospheric and room temperature plasma mutagenesis in microbial and edible fungi mutation breeding LU Huan, SHEN Ling, SHANG Xiaodong, LIU Jianyu, WANG Ruijuan, YANG Hui Journal of Biology    2023, 40 (4): 92-.   DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.2095-1736.2023.04.092 Abstract （555）      PDF       Knowledge map    The concept, mutagenesis mechanism and factors affecting the mutagenesis effect of atmospheric and room temperature plasma (ARTP) mutagenesis were mainly described. The application of ARTP mutagenesis technology in improving microbial strains such as bacteria, actinomycetes and yeast and improving their biosynthesis ability, as well as in breeding new strains of edible fungi, was introduced in this paper with the main contents of mutagenesis breeding of microorganisms and edible fungi as the main contents. The advantages and challenges of ARTP mutagenesis technology in the breeding of microorganisms and edible fungi were analyzed. It also showed that the research focuses in the future were to improve the technical level of rapid screening of target strains combined with high-throughput sequencing, transcriptome and proteomics, to deeply explore the genetic law of microorganisms and edible fungi mutated by ARTP and the mechanism of regulating the synthesis of bioactive substances. It was hoped that the result would provide new ideas for the research of edible fungi and microbial breeding through the establishment and application of new technologies, and then promote the germplasm innovation and industrial sustainable development of microorganisms and edible fungi. Related Articles | Metrics

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Bax and Bak regulate ferroptosis via Nrf2/GPX4 signaling pathway HAN Jing, ZHAO Guoping Journal of Biology    2023, 40 (3): 6-.   DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.2095-1736.2023.03.006 Abstract （925）      PDF       Knowledge map    Immortalized mouse embryonic fibroblasts (MEFs) with wild-type (WT), Bak/Bax double knockout (Bak/Bax-DKO), Bak knockout (Bak-KO) and Bax knockout (Bax-KO) were used to investigate the role and possible mechanisms of pro-apoptotic protein Bak/Bax on the erastin-induced ferroptosis. The survival rates and reactive oxygen species (ROS) production were determined by CCK-8 and flow cytometry, the levels of GSH/GSSG were measured by testing kits. In addition, the expression levels of target genes and proteins were detected by real-time fluorescence quantitative PCR (RT-qPCR) and Western Blot. The results showed that knockout Bak and Bax inhibited erastin-induced ferroptosis significantly, and the expression levels of nuclear factor-erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) protein, glutathione peroxidase 4 (GPX4) protein and mRNA were increased significantly in Bak/Bax-DKO cells. Further studies showed that the absence of Bax also inhibited erastin-induced ferroptosis and promoted the expression levels of GPX4. However, no significant changes on erastin-induced ferroptosis and GPX4 expression were found in Bak-KO cells. These results indicated that Bak and Bax promoted erastin-induced ferroptosis via Nrf2/GPX4 signaling pathway and Bax rather than Bak played a key role. Related Articles | Metrics

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Analysis of the development trend of synthetic biology industry under the background of “14th Five-Year Plan” WANG Haoqi, GAO Hao, XIN Fengxue Journal of Biology    2023, 40 (3): 1-.   DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.2095-1736.2023.03.001 Abstract （804）      PDF       Knowledge map    Synthetic biology is revolutionizing the biotechnology industry, which is increasingly applied in natural products, medicine, energy, industry, et al. With the promulgation of the “14th Five-Year Plan” for the development of biological economy, the heat of synthetic biology, known as the “third biotechnology revolution”, is rising. Synthetic biology is poised to disrupt many traditional industries with more economical and environmentally friendly features. The industry policies of synthetic biology and the domestic synthetic biology industries in China were reviewed. The synthetic biology focused on the fields of biochemicals, biopharmaceuticals, agriculture, food, medical beauty and cosmetics, and its future development was also prospected. Related Articles | Metrics

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Exploration and practice of ideological and political education in synthetic biology curriculum WANG Dongmei, HONG Jiong Journal of Biology    2023, 40 (3): 124-.   DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.2095-1736.2023.03.124 Abstract （263）      PDF       Knowledge map    根据合成生物学课程的教学内容践行课程思政教学，明确教学目标，通过科学设计和教学实施，将课程中蕴含的思政元素有机融入相关的教学内容。注重学思结合，知行统一，实现对学生的正确价值观的塑造、知识的传授和能力的培养，从而激发学生科技报国的家国情怀和使命担当。在课程思政实施过程中，教师课程思政建设的意识和能力也得到了提升，加强了自身德育修养，打造了师生双赢的局面，为构建大思政格局作出初步的探索和实践。 Related Articles | Metrics

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Effects of charcoal medicine extract on collagen composition in skin wound healing of mice #br# WANG Junjie, GAO Jianping, ZHANG Yang, ZHANG Guifeng, MA Li Journal of Biology    2023, 40 (6): 88-.   DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.2095-1736.2023.06.088 Abstract （146）      PDF       Knowledge map    The study determined the effect of charcoal medicine extract (liquid dressing 1 and liquid dressing 2) on the changes of type I and III collagen content in the healing process of skin wounds in mice. A model of full-thickness wound in mice was established. Liquid dressing 1 and liquid dressing 2 were applied daily on the back of mice. After 3, 6, 9, 13, 17 and 21 days of administration, the content of collagen I and III in wound tissues of mice was determined by HPLC-MS. Results showed that liquid dressing 1 and liquid dressing 2 can obviously improve the wound healing rate and accelerate the scab shedding. Compared with the control group, liquid dressing 1 and liquid dressing 2 could obviously promote the synthesis of total collagen at 9 d and 13 d(P<0.01). The content of type I and type III collagen in liquid dressing 1 and liquid dressing 2 were greater than that of control group at 3 d and 9 d (P< 0.05). The ratio of collagen I/III in liquid dressing 1 and liquid dressing 2 were greater than that of control group at 17 d and 21 d (P<0.01). This study provided a theoretical basis for the treatment of wound healing with charcoal medicine extract. Related Articles | Metrics

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The analysis of somatic and dendritic morphology of cerebellar Purkinje cells in mice at different ages PEI Pei, TANG Zhengquan Journal of Biology    2024, 41 (1): 26-.   DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.2095-1736 Abstract （285）      PDF       Knowledge map    In order to investigate the difference in morphology of cerebellar Purkinje cells in mice at different ages, mice were divided into four age groups of five animals each corresponding to 14-day, 1-month, 2-month, and 1-year old mice. Parvalbumin selected as a unique marker for Purkinje cells, using immunochemistry, we observed and compared somatic and dendritic morphology of cerebellar Purkinje cells of these mice in four groups under a confocal microscope. The results showed that the dendritic length of cerebellar Purkinje cells in 2-month old mice was significantly higher than that in other groups (P<0.05), and the dendritic length of cerebellar Purkinje cells in 1-year old mice was significantly lower than that in other groups (P<0.05), as well as the somatic sizes of Purkinje cells of mice in 4 age groups showed a decreasing trend with age. In this study, we also analyzed the fluorescence intensity of parvalbumin in cerebellar Purkinje cells of mice in 4 age groups, which showed an overall increasing trend with age. Together, the results indicate that cell body size and dendritic length of cerebellar Purkinje are associated with age, with an opposite trend of parvalbumin expression and its development. This study suggests that parvalbumin may play an important role in regulation of cerebellar Purkinje cell development. Related Articles | Metrics

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Green separation and purification of high purity vitamin K2 MA Guoliang, ZHENG Zhiming, WANG Peng, WANG Li, ZHAO Genhai, WANG Han Journal of Biology    2023, 40 (3): 107-.   DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.2095-1736.2023.03.107 Abstract （351）      PDF       Knowledge map    In order to overcome the shortcomings of high purity Vitamin K2 extraction process, such as large amount of toxic solvent, serious pollution and toxic substance residues, a green separation and purification process of high purity Vitamin K2 was established. Natural oil, methanol, ethanol and other organic reagents were used to extract VK2 from Bacillus natto. The results showed that medium chain triglyceride had the best extraction effect, and the maximum extraction amount was 2.7 mg/g. Seven types of macroporous resins were used to separate VK2 from medium chain triglyceride solvent phase, and the optimal macroporous resin HC-200S was selected by static adsorption and desorption experiments. The dynamic adsorption and desorption process of macroporous resin was optimized, and the dynamic desorption curve of macroporous resin was drawn. The results showed that when the adsorption flow rate of sample solution was 2.0 mL/min, the desorption agent was anhydrous ethanol/butyl acetate mixture solution (1∶2, volume ratio) and the flow rate of desorption agent was 1.0 mL/min, the adsorption and desorption effect of HC-200S macroporous resin on VK2 was the best. At this time, the purity of vitamin K2 was 4 times higher than that of the before purification, reaching 87.8%, and the recovery rate reached 93.1%. VK2 desorption solutions obtained by resin separation and purification were frozen crystallization and solvent volatilization crystallization, respectively, to obtain VK2 crystals with purity of 96.7% and 97.1%. This study provided a method basis for the industrial production and green separation and purification of VK2. Related Articles | Metrics

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HIGD1A regulates autophagy to enhance the radiation resistance of HeLa cells ZHAO Xipeng, ZHAO Guoping Journal of Biology    2023, 40 (5): 11-.   DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.2095-1736.2023.05.011 Abstract （245）      PDF       Knowledge map    This article mainly explored the mechanism of mitochondrial protein HIGD1A enhancing the radiosensitivity of cervical cancer cells (HeLa) by regulating autophagy. Using control cells and HIGD1A knockdown HeLa cells as research subjects, cells were treated with autophagy inducer Earle’s balanced salt solution (EBSS) and ionizing radiation. The expression levels of cell autophagy marker proteins LC3 and P62 were detected by Western Blot, and the fluorescence expression level of Ad-mCherry-GFP-LC3B recombinant adenovirus infected cells was detected. Cells were irradiated after the pretreatment of chloroquine/rapamycin for 2 hours, then their viabilities were detected using CCK-8 48 hours later. The expression levels of caspase-7 and cleaved caspase-3 proteins were detected by Western Blot after rapamycin treatment. The results showed that compared with the control cells, knocking down HIGD1A inhibited the generation of LC3, P62 degradation, and the generation of yellow and red spots in mCherry-GFP-LC3B after EBSS or ionizing radiation treatment. CCK-8 assay results showed that knockdown of HIGD1A combined with chloroquine treatment reduced cell viability after ionizing radiation treatment. In addition, knocking down HIGD1A significantly increased the expression levels of caspase-7 and cleaved caspase-3 proteins in tumor cells, and there were still high levels of apoptosis in HIGD1A knocked down cells after rapamycin treatment. The results indicated that HIGD1A was involved in regulating the radiation sensitivity of tumor cells through the autophagy pathway. Related Articles | Metrics

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Gene cloning construction method for undergraduate genetic engineering experimental course LU Yingying, FAN Weikang, WEI Youheng Journal of Biology    2023, 40 (3): 119-.   DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.2095-1736.2023.03.119 Abstract （287）      PDF       Knowledge map    The ccdB gene was introduced, using the Gateway system, to the vector to improve the efficiency of clone construction. The Escherichia coli transfected with vectors containing ccdB could not grow to form clones because the ccdB is toxic to it. Thus, this strategy avoided the false positive clone formation and made the plasmid construct much more convenient. Through comparison of the different strategies of clone construction, this class made students understand more on genetic engineering-related processes such as enzyme digestion, recombination, ligation. This method is suitable not only for the experimental course but also for cloning construction in future research. Related Articles | Metrics

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Arboviruses and biosafety LI Yuhan, ZHANG Xianwen, CHENG Gong Journal of Biology    2023, 40 (6): 1-.   DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.2095-1736.2023.06.001 Abstract （396）      PDF       Knowledge map    Introduces the main arbovirus transmission vectors and the significant infectious diseases they have caused in human society then describes the prevalence of several important arboviruses and conducts a risk analysis of novel biotechnologies as well as emerging and re-emerging arboviral diseases. Moreover the article discusses the strategies employed by humans to prevent and control arboviruses and highlights the current technological challenges. This review aims to enhance public awareness of arboviruses and the biosafety issues they cause and to explore future research directions in the field of infectious disease prevention and control. It also urges the relevant authorities to expedite the development of laws and policies to address potential arboviral infectious disease epidemics. Related Articles | Metrics

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Molecular modification of raw starch hydrolase AmyZ1 in the enhancement of thermal stability #br# BING Xiaofeng, HE Yu, ZHANG Xuecheng, FANG Zemin, FANG Wei, XIAO Yazhong Journal of Biology    2023, 40 (3): 35-.   DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.2095-1736.2023.03.035 Abstract （239）      PDF       Knowledge map    Raw starch degrading enzymes are α-amylases with the ability to hydrolyze raw starch. It can degrade raw starch granules below the starch pasting temperature and suitable for cold hydrolysis of starch. The raw starch hydrolase AmyZ1 is derived from a marine microorganism and is not thermally stable. The mock structure of AmyZ1 was obtained by homology modeling. AmyZ1∶ΔTG is a mutant enzyme with deletion of the flexible region was constructed by sentinel mutation. The catalytic property, Ca2+ dependence, and ability to hydrolyze high concentration raw maize starch of the mutant were evaluated. The optimum temperature of AmyZ1∶ΔTG was 45 ℃, and the enzyme activity was maintained above 60% in the range of 35 ℃-55 ℃. The thermal stability of AmyZ1∶ΔTG was improved and the half-lives of 30 ℃ and 35 ℃ reached 18 h and 15 h, which were 10 and 15 times of AmyZ1, respectively. The decreased flexibility of the protein resulted in a decrease in the catalytic efficiency of AmyZ1∶ΔTG. Exogenous Ca2+ has less effect on the catalytic performance of AmyZ1∶ΔTG, but it can improve the thermal stability of AmyZ1∶ΔTG, compared to that of AmyZ1. Using 300 g/L corn raw starch as the substrate, the hydrolysis rate of AmyZ1∶ΔTG was 40%, which was similar to AmyZ1. Related Articles | Metrics

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Screening and degradation characteristics of a BDE-209 degrading bacterium FAN Luosheng, WU Juan, HU Dingfan Journal of Biology    2023, 40 (3): 41-.   DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.2095-1736.2023.03.041 Abstract （216）      PDF       Knowledge map    To investigate the degradation characteristics of decabromodiphenyl ether (BDE-209) by bacteria, an effective aerobic bacterium for degrading of BDE-209 was isolated from activated sludge and identified as Pseudomonas nitroreducens. The optimal additional carbon sources for the biodegradation of BDE-209 were investigated, and the changes of cell surface characteristics and degradation kinetics at different initial mass concentrations of BDE-209 by P. nitroreducens were explored. The experimental results showed that P. nitroreducens was able to grow with BDE-209 as the sole carbon source. Glucose played a significant role in promoting the biodegradation of BDE-209, and the degradation rate of 10 mg/L BDE-209 could reach 76.2% when the glucose mass concentration was 250 mg/L. The degradation kinetics of BDE-209 was in accordance with pseudo first order reaction kinetic equation with short half-life and fast degradation rate. Moreover, P. nitroreducens had a good tolerance to higher mass concentration of BDE-209. High mass concentration of Cu2+ (≥30 mg/L) inhibited the degradation of BDE-209 and the growth of P.nitroreducens. The high cell surface hydrophobicity of P.nitroreducens made BDE-209 enter the cells more easily. The increase in cell membrane permeability was caused by the stressful effects of BDE-209. The microbial degradation is an effective remediation strategy to remove BDE-209 from the polluted environment, and the effective screening of degrading bacteria from the environment provided more possibilities for BDE-209 biodegradation. Related Articles | Metrics

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Antigastric cancer activity of Streptomyces sp. LRE-541 secondary metabolite from Lilium davidii var. unicolor Cotton CHEN Bin, JIANG Kan, GUO Yehong, MA Aiai Journal of Biology    2023, 40 (3): 28-.   DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.2095-1736.2023.03.028 Abstract （218）      PDF       Knowledge map    n order to study the secondary metabolites of Streptomyces sp. LRE-541 from the roots of Lilium davidii var. unicolor Cotton and its antigastric cancer activity, high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC), nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) and other methods were used to isolate, purify and identify the secondary metabolites. The effects of metabolites on cell proliferation, apoptosis and migration of gastric cancer cell HGC-803 were investigated. Two anthraquinones were identified as 4-deoxy-ε-pyrromycinone (1) and epsilon-pyrromycinone (2). The IC50 of compound 1 and compound 2 against gastric cancer cell of HGC-803 were (25.24±1.23) μg/mL and (17.29±2.28) μg/mL, respectively. Under the same treatment, compared with blank control group, the proliferation rate, apoptosis rate and scratch healing rate of cancer cells in 15 and 25 μg/mL of compound 1 and 10 and 20 μg/mL of compound 2 groups were significantly decreased, the differences were statistically significant (P<0.05 or P<0.01). These results indicated that the two compounds could inhibit the proliferation and migration of gastric cancer of HGC-803 cells and promote the apoptosis of gastric cancer cells, which might be potential as anti-gastric cancer drugs or precursors. Related Articles | Metrics

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Phylogenetic relationship of Mesostigmata based on the mitochondrial 16S rRNA gene sequence YANG Huijuan, CHEN Ting, DONG Wenge Journal of Biology    2023, 40 (4): 48-.   DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.2095-1736.2023.04.048 Abstract （221）      PDF       Knowledge map    To understand the complete sequence information of mitochondrial 16S rRNA gene and the phylogenetic relationships of Mesostigmata species, the mitochondrial genome of Parasitus fimetorum was sequenced by PCR and combined with the sequence information of most taxa of Mesostigmata in the NCBI database. A comparative analysis of mitochondrial 16S rRNA genes of Mesostigmata species was performed using bioinformatics software to further explore the phylogeny and relation among Mesostigmata species. The results showed that the AT content of the mitochondrial 16S rRNA genes of Mesostigmata species was much higher than the GC content; the genetic distance ranged from 0.111 to 0.359, with an average genetic distance of 0.291. The base conversion to inversion ratio and sequence saturation analysis showed that the mitochondrial 16S rRNA genes of Mesostigmata species had a high evolutionary potential suitable for phylogenetic analysis. The phylogenetic trees constructed using ML and BI methods showed that Parasitidae formed sister branches with the Ologamasidae, which differed from the traditional taxonomic results. Most species of the same family always preferentially clustered together, indicating that the mitochondrial 16S rRNA gene was used to construct phylogenetic relationships of Mesostigmata with stable and reliable characteristics. The above results provided a foundation for the subsequent study of the phylogenetic relationships of Mesostigmata species. Related Articles | Metrics

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Complete mitochondrial genome sequence and phylogenetic analysis of Rana kukunoris ZHANG Xuze, DONG Bao, HA Jinqiang, ZHAO Ying, WEI Shengnan, WEI Yingting Journal of Biology    2023, 40 (4): 54-.   DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.2095-1736.2023.04.054 Abstract （241）      PDF       Knowledge map    The high-throughput sequencing of illumina platform was used to sequence the whole mitochondrial genome of Rana kukunoris. Then, the mitochondrial genome was assembled and annotated. The total length of the sequence was 21913 bp, which mainly included four parts: tRNA gene (22), rRNA gene (2), CDS (13) and D-loop (1). ExceptNAD6in the light chain, other protein coding genes were on the same chain. Of the coding genes, three overlapping genes were found:COX1/trnS2,ATP6/ATP8andNAD4L/NAD4. Mitochondrial genome of Rana kukunoris had AT preference. Leu and Ser were the most frequently used amino acids in protein coding genes, and all tRNA had the classic clover structure. KaKs analysis showed that the coding genes of mitochondrial genome were not significantly positively selected in Rana kukunoris. The phylogenetic tree constructed based on the whole mitochondrial genome showed that Rana kukunoris was closely related to Rana chensinensis. It provided the genetic information of Rana kukunoris mitochondrial genome and aid future investigation of phylogenetics, speciation and evolution of Rana genus. Related Articles | Metrics

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Anti-respiratory syncytial virus activity evaluation via primary human airway epithelial cell culture DING Huiru, ZHAO Min, CHENG Ningning, FU Yuanhui, PENG Xianglei, YU Jiemei, ZHENG Yanpeng, HE Jinsheng Journal of Biology    2024, 41 (1): 20-.   DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.2095-1736.2024.01.020 Abstract （220）      PDF       Knowledge map    This study aims to establish the culture method of human primary airway epithelial cell (hAEC) and to investigate the anti-respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) activity and mechanism of 3-thioindole compound RSVA-4 and immunosuppressive metabolite 6-MMPR using hAEC system, which intends to construct a cell model for RSV drug screening and efficacy evaluation. The respiratory tract epithelial cells from volunteers were collected and cultured, then the morphology, activity and purity were identified. The anti-RSV activity and cytotoxicity of RSVA-4 and 6-MMPR were further verified in hAEC system. The mechanism of RSVA-4 and 6-MMPR accounting for the suppression of RSV replication on hAEC was explored by using fluorescence real-time quantitative PCR (RT-qPCR) and time-of-addition assay. The survival rate of cultured hAEC was 93.51% as determined by trypan blue staining. The half maximal inhibitory concentrations (IC50) of RSV-A-4 and 6-MMPR were （207.30±4.77） μmol/L and （3191.00±6.11） μmol/L, respectively. The half maximal cytotoxic concentration (CC50) of 6-MMPR was （95526.00±10.97） μmol/L, while no toxicity of RSVA-4 was observed on hAEC. Mechanistically, RSV-A-4 and 6-MMPr inhibited RSV replication in the genome replication/transcription phase. The hAEC culture method was successfully established, which could be used to screen and evaluate the anti-RSV drugs in vitro. RSVA-4 and 6-MMPR could effectively inhibit RSV replication at the cellular level. Altogether, the result could provide an experimental basis for the research and development of RSV drug and pathogenesis. Related Articles | Metrics

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Research on the method of directly inducing callus from tobacco seeds PENG Ye, XU Jiancheng, YU Lulu, HE Zhengquan, XU Fei Journal of Biology    2023, 40 (5): 105-.   DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.2095-1736.2023.05.105 Abstract （228）      PDF       Knowledge map    Tobacco seeds were used as explants to explore how to directly induce callus. The results showed that the callus induction of tobacco seeds was affected by different hormone ratios of 2,4-dichlorophe noxyacetic acid (2,4-D) and 6-benzylami nopurine (6-BA), and the combined use of hormones 2,4-D and 6-BA in the concentration range of 0.1-2.0 mg/L could induce callus, but different in size and quality. It was worth noting that when the seeds were cultured on the medium containing 1.0 mg/L 2,4-D + 1.0 mg/L 6-BA, callus was rapidly induced, but the callus mass was relatively loose. In comparison, the callus was more compact when the seeds were cultured on the medium containing 0.1 mg/L 2,4-D+1.0 mg/L 6-BA. Moreover, paraffin sections showed that the callus cells induced by the hormone combination of 1.0 mg/L 2,4-D+1.0 mg/L 6-BA were larger but irregularly arranged and most of them were non-embryonic cells. On the contrary, the callus cells induced by the hormone combination of 0.1 mg/L 2,4-D+1.0 mg/L 6-BA were small and regularly arranged, and most of them were embryonic cells. The results of this study provide new technical support for the induction of callus from tobacco seeds and facilitate the research on genetic transformation in tobacco. Related Articles | Metrics

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Advancement of epigenetic regulation in embryonic development ZHAO Keyu, SU Liya Journal of Biology    2023, 40 (6): 99-.   DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.2095-1736.2023.06.099 Abstract （268）      PDF       Knowledge map    Epigenetic remodeling begins shortly after fertilization, including DNA methylation changes, chromatin remodeling, and transcription changes. DNA methyltransferase (DNMT) and ten-eleven-translocation protein (TET) are involved in the reprogramming and dynamic changes of DNA methylation, which are closely related to embryonic development, early cell fate determination, and imprinted gene regulation. Histone modifications, particularly methylation, ubiquitination, and acetylation of H2 and H3 histones, serve as important epigenetic regulators that control gene transcription activity and chromatin accessibility. DNA methylation, histone modification, and chromatin accessibility undergo dynamic changes throughout different stages of embryonic development, and genes, enzymes, and substrates related to DNA methylation and histone modification also change dynamically. Recently, many new studies have revealed new mechanisms of DNA methylation, histone modification, and chromatin accessibility from the perspective of genome-wide. In this paper, the research progress on the epigenetic regulation of embryonic development was reviewed. Related Articles | Metrics

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AITC regulates serotonin secretion and other biological functions in enterochromaffin cells WANG Siyu, YANG Yali, SI Qiqi, GUO Tailin, HUANG Xinhe Journal of Biology    2024, 41 (2): 51-.   DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.2095-1736.2024.02.051 Abstract （210）      PDF       Knowledge map    In order to investigate the effects of allyl isothiocyanate (AITC) on the synthesis of 5-HT in EC and the biological functions of EC, edible grade AITC were used to intervene with RIN-14B cells (rat pancreatic endocrine cell line), a cell model of EC. The calcium ion concentration in the cells was detected by FLUO-8 AM, the expression level of genes related to 5-HT synthesis was analyzed by qRT-PCR , the levels of 5-HT were determined by UPLC, and the transcriptome of AITC-treated RIN-14B cells was detected and analyzed by RNA-seq and bioinformatics.The results indicated that AITC caused an increase in intracellular calcium ion concentration through activation of TRPA1, while upregulated the expression ofTph1(tryptophan hydroxylase) and Ddc (5-hydroxytryptophan decarboxylase). In addition, GO and KEGG functional enrichment analysis on AITC treated RIN-14B cells showed that AITC mainly regulated glutathione metabolism and relate pathways such as antioxidant and inflammatory regulation, suggesting that AITC may regulate intestinal homeostasis by stimulating EC to promote glutathione metabolism, and also participate in inflammatory regulation of the intestine. The above results provided experimental data and research ideas for further study of the effects of AITC on EC and deeper biological functions of the intestine. Related Articles | Metrics

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Analysis of recombinant expression and function of Antheraea pernyi ApMLEC LIU Zhichao, GU Suyun, LIU Danmei, FAN Qi, LIU Yubo, ZHANG Jianing, LI Wenli Journal of Biology    2023, 40 (3): 22-.   DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.2095-1736.2023.03.022 Abstract （226）      PDF       Knowledge map    The study cloned, expressed, purified and performed preliminary functional analysis of Malectin (ApMLEC) from Antheraea pernyi. Based on the known cDNA database of Antheraea pernyi, the ApMLEC gene was cloned by PCR and the sequence information was analyzed by bioinformatics. The gene was ligated to the pET-28a prokaryotic expression vector, and the recombinant protein was purified by Escherichia coli BL21 (DE3) expression system and affinity chromatography. The ability of the protein to bind polysaccharides, agglutinate bacteria and inhibit bacterial growth was investigated. The antiviral activity of the protein was explored by ligating it to the transfer vector pApBacDual-egfp. The results showed that the gene consisted of 798 bases encoding 266 amino acids and the purified recombinant protein had a molecular weight of about 33 ku with the His-tag. The ApMLEC could bind to maltose, lipopolysaccharide and peptidoglycan. It could agglutinate bacteria and inhibit the growth of Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aereus with a minimum inhibitory mass concentration of 250 μg/mL for both. It also inhibited the replication of Antheraea pernyi nuclear polyhedron viruses. The preliminary functional analysis of ApMLEC suggested that it might play an important role in the natural immunity of Antheraea pernyi, and laid the foundation for future research on the immune system of this species. Related Articles | Metrics