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γH2AX， 53BP1 and RAD51 foci analysis for monitoring DNA double-strand breaks WANG Yi-zhao, FAN Li, WANG Hong-xia, YANG Si-lu, CUI Ya-ni, Duan Yi-jun, Duan Jing-jing, REN Lai-feng, SU Wen Journal of Biology    2020, 37 (1): 16-.   DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.2095-1736.2020.01.016 Abstract （6276）      PDF       Knowledge map    γH2AX, 53BP1 and RAD51 foci are the evaluation markers of DNA double strand breaks (DSBs). Above all, γH2AX foci analysis is the most widely used, but recent studies have found that it is not completely consistent with DSBs damage. This study systematically analyzed the dynamic changes of γH2AX, 53BP1 and RAD51 foci during DNA damage and their reasonable application in DSBs damage assessment. According to the results, γH2AX and 53BP1 foci were highly consistent after cells exposed to ionizing radiation treatment, they both could reflect accurately the dynamic changes of DSBs damages and repairs; while RAD51 foci only appeared in part of damaged cells, which was consistent with its role mainly involved in homologous recombination process. Upon treatment with Camptothecin (CPT), γH2AX presented two types of staining (bright and discrete foci and pan-nuclear phosphorylation), while 53BP1 foci only appeared in cells with bright and discrete γH2AX foci and were highly consistent with γH2AX foci. These results revealed that positive staining of γH2AX alone cannot accurately represent DSBs damage, and the extent of DSBs damage should be comprehensively analyzed by combining with staining of 53BP1. The RAD51 foci analysis only reflect the DSBs damage repair of part cells, mainly homologous recombination repair.  Related Articles | Metrics

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Effects of Different Stocking Densities and Diets on growth and survival of Eriocheir sinensis in Larval Stages YANG zhi-gang1, LIU Qi-bin1, YAO Qin-qin1, Yang Qing1, WANG Jian-yi1, CHENG Yong-xu1, YANG Xiao-zhen1, GE Yong-chun2

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Research progress on key metabolic enzymes in de novo synthesis pathway of ceramide LI Yu-hui, CHEN Cheng Journal of Biology    2020, 37 (4): 90-.   DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.2095-1736.2020.04.090 Abstract （1961）      PDF       Knowledge map    Ceramide is an important active lipid that regulates cell differentiation, proliferation, apoptosis, aging, tumor immunity and other vital life activities, and it is also a universal precursor for a series of important physiological sphingolipids such as glycosphingolipids. As the center of sphingolipid metabolism, the syntheses and degradations of ceramide in the body are strictly regulated. Its syntheses include de novo synthesis pathway, sphingomyelinase pathway and remedy pathway. Although de novo synthesis pathway contributes only 5%-10% to the synthesis of ceramide in the body, recent studies on key metabolic enzymes in this pathway have shown that they are closely related to many diseases, which also illustrates the complexity and importance of this pathway in the life of the organism. The purpose of this article is to systematically review the research progress of key metabolic enzymes in de novo synthesis, in order to provide a theoretical reference for further understanding of this pathway and the functions of key metabolic enzymes, and also lay an foundation for the development of personalized medicine for this pathway in the future. Related Articles | Metrics

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Research progress of UDP-sugar biosynthesis CHEN Guihang, LI Chun, FENG Xudong Journal of Biology    2023, 40 (2): 95-.   DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.2095-1736.2023.02.095 Abstract （2464）      PDF       Knowledge map    Uridine diphosphate(UDP)-sugar is an important type of sugar donors for glycosylation modification. The in vivo synthesis of UDP-sugar was summarized from three aspects: synthase pathway, phosphorylase pathway and kinase pathway. Due to the lack of key enzymes, only UDP-glucose (UDP-Glc) could be quickly obtained from the above three pathways. At the same time, with UDP-glucose as the starting material and UDP-glucuronic acid (UDP GlcA) as the intermediate, the rapid interconversions between UDP-sugars could be realized by specific functional enzymes. The latest progress in UDP-sugar synthesis catalyzed by specific functional enzymes was reviewed, and the important roles of dehydrogenase, decarboxylase, isomerase and reductase in UDP-sugar interconversions were discussed. The existing problems of UDP-sugar synthesis were analyzed and the future research direction of UDP-sugar synthesis was prospected, aiming at providing new ideas for tapping the potential of UDP-sugar donors and realizing glycosylation modification with efficiency and low cost. Related Articles | Metrics

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Study on adsorption property of Cr6+ by sycamore bark activated carbon WANG Lei,WEI Xin-lai,JIN Jie,LI Cong,WANG Pei-yang

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The research progress of Toll-like receptors in innate immune system#br# ZHOU Qing, HAO Lu, ZHOU Ze-qiang

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Synthetic biology and research progress YAN Wei, XIN Feng-xue, DONG Wei-liang, ZHOU Jie, ZHANG Wen-ming, JIANG Min Journal of Biology    2020, 37 (5): 1-.   DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.2095-1736.2020.05.001 Abstract （1473）      PDF       Knowledge map    Synthetic biology is one of the most potential fields of modern biology, which integrates many disciplines such as life science, engineering and information science. Based on the concept of engineering design, it constructs standardized components and modules, integrates the principles of engineering science, and adopts a bottom-up strategy to synthesize and improve the existing systems or systems, so as to reveal the law of life and build a new generation of bioengineering system. It creates a new research mode of "building knowledge" for life science. After the discovery of DNA double helix and the human genome sequencing project, synthetic biology is starting a new biotechnology revolution. As a new "convergence" discipline, with the progress of DNA synthesis technology and the deepening of the concept of synthetic biology, synthetic biology has made great progress in many research directions. This paper mainly introduces the concept of synthetic biology, summarizes the basic research content of synthetic biology and the research progress in natural products, medicine, energy and industry, and looks forward to the development prospect of synthetic biology. Related Articles | Metrics

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Stability of episomal plasmids containing ARS/CEN  elements in Pichia pastoris LIU Guo-qiang, SUN Wen-hao, ZHANG Qing-ye, ZHOU Jin-kai, BAI Zhong-hu, LIU Xiu-xia, YANG Yan-kun Journal of Biology    2020, 37 (2): 10-.   DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.2095-1736.2020.02.010 Abstract （1350）      PDF       Knowledge map    Pichia pastoris (P. pastoris) is one of the most widely used heterologous protein expression systems. The most widely used heterologous protein expression strategy is the integrated plasmids; the episomal plasmids are greatly limited in Pichia pastoris due to their high instability. In this research, ARS/CEN and other components were ligated into pPIC9K vector to construct autonomously replicating episomal plasmid pPIC9K-ARS/CEN. The way of subculturing to detect plasmid loss was used to investigate the stability of episomal plasmid in Pichia pastoris during cell subculture. In the absence of selective pressure, the episomal plasmid containing the ARS/CEN element had extremely high stability before cell culture for ten generations, and then the episomal plasmid began to be lost, and the loss rate to the 20th generation plasmid was as high as 92.94%. The results of this study provided not only a good support for the construction of a stable episomal plasmid Pichia pastoris expression system, but also a practical plasmid elimination method. Related Articles | Metrics

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Reform of experimental teaching based on organic combination of virtual experiment and real experiment CHEN Su-yun, LIN Zhen-ting

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Commuinity dynamics of phytoplankton and related affecting factors in Shengjin Lake WU Fang-yi, WANG Lan, XU Mei, WANG Hui, ZHOU Zhong-ze

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Study on the selectivity of Carassius auratus under different environment colors and luminous intensities GONG Jian-hua, GUO Chun-yang, TIAN Zhe, XU Shan-liang

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Rho/ROCK signaling pathway and its active regulation mode CAO Mei-Xia1， 2， QU Chang-Qing1

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Lilium concolor var. Pulchellum: a new distribution plant in Anhui, China FENG Jun-ru, GAN Ting-ting, FENG Shuang, YIN Hua-bao

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Bioinformatics analysis of Shigella flexneri 2a outer membrane protein A and molecular designing of recombinant epitope vaccine LIU Xiang

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Cloning and expression stability evaluation of reference genes in Spanish Mackerel (Scomberomorus niphonius) ZHANG Jia-ling, XUE Liang-yi, SHI Jun-xing

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Genetic diversity of Larimichthys crocea based on mitochondrial DNA control region sequences in three cultured populations SHEN jing-yi，XUE liang-yi，SHEN wei-liang，HE meng-meng

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Composition and diversity of small mammals community in Shilong, Jianchuan area of Yunnan Province ZHU Wan-long, ZHANG Hao, MENG Li-hua, CAI Jin-hong, WANG Zheng-kun

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The comparison between two states of Oujiang color common carp，Cyprinus carpio var. color scales XU Hui-bin, ZHANG Qian, WANG Cheng-hui, GONG Xiao-ling

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The research progress in pepsin purification and enzymatic activity#br# LIU Yu, DONG Ping, LIANG Xing-guo

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Molecular cloning, sequence analysis and expression analysis of ApoC-Ⅰgene from ayu (Plecoglossus altivelis) exposed to cadmium CHEN Ya-ping, DING Fei-fei, LI Chang-hong, MO Li-bin, CHEN Jiong