Abstract: Community composition and diversity of small mammals from Jianchuan Shilong region in Yunnan Province were studied in the present study. The results showed the total distribution of small mammals in Shilong area including 23 species, belonging to 4 orders, 7 families. A total of 13 years of cloth cage 17 1482, a total of 15 338 small mammals were captured, with the capture rate of 8.94%. Of which Apodemus chevrieri was 7009, Eothenomys miletus was 6471, which accounted for 87.89% of the total mammals, remaining 21 captured animal species accounted for only 12.11%. Changes of number in E. miletus and A. chevrieri showed no significant difference among different years, but had significant differences among months, the capture rates of the two rodents were higher in the concentrated in summer. The number of small mammals showed significant differences in four small mammal habitats, which were lower in indoor neighborhood region, and higher in the shrub. These results indicated of that small mammals in Shilong area were rich in diversity, and the number of rodents was closely related to the breeding season.

Key words: small mammals, community diversity, population dynamics