Table of Content

18 December 2020, Volume 37 Issue 6 Previous Issue   

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Effective mentoring ensures the progress of science Manfred T. REETZ 2020, 37 (6):  1.  doi: 10.3969/j.issn.2095-1736.2020.06.001 Abstract ( 351 )   PDF   Save Mentoring doctoral students and postdoctoral fellows effectively is a crucial responsibility of every professor worldwide because it ensures the progress of science. However, every mentor has his/her own style, which is determined by the personal temperament of the mentor in different cultural settings. Some international standards exist, which include ethical requirements. In this invited essay, I describe my own personal mentoring style without claiming that everyone should adopt it. I am convinced that effective mentoring is a two-way process between mentor and mentee. Consequently, I present guidelines for both mentors and for mentees. Mentors should allow mentees to voice their own opinions and ideas about research projects, and mentees should not be afraid to insist on these freedoms. A good mentor sends his/her coworkers to national and international conferences and symposia, and if this is neglected, the mentee should remind the mentor of this practice, which allows the mentee to present lectures or posters, and to form international networks for possible scientific collaborations. I have always asked my coworkers not to use a blown-up language for grossly exaggerating their results, neither in lectures, posters nor on websites, but mentors should likewise adhere to a tone-downed language. It is necessary that the mentor invests time in guiding the mentee on how to write optimal scientific papers, including the crucial choice of the title. Finally, I have always encouraged all coworkers to relax long enough on weekends in order to rejuvenate, which allows them to return to work in the laboratory with fresh enthusiasm and new innovative ideas. In the case of foreign postdocs, this ideally includes sufficient travel during vacation time to some German cities with visits to museums and possibly attendance of concerts or theaters, allowing them to learn the rudiments of German history and culture, knowledge that will be of use in their later careers. Vice versa, German postdocs in foreign countries, e.g., China, should not just engage in scientific research, but should also learn the basics of the culture of that particular country. Related Articles | Metrics

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Construction, expression and function study of rotavirus VP3 expression vector pEGPF-VP3#br# DU Jing, ZHOU Yan, NA Lu, LIN Xiaochen, HU Xiaoqing, WANG Yi, LI Hongjun 2020, 37 (6):  7.  doi: 10.3969/j.issn.2095-1736.2020.06.007 Abstract ( 336 )   PDF   Save The VP3 gene was inserted into the eukaryotic expression vector pEGPF-N2, and further transfected the recombinant plasmid into MA104 cells to observe whether the expressed VP3 has an effect on rotavirus replication. The expression of recombinant protein was detected by immunofluorescence and Western Blot. The expression of VP3 was the strongest at 48 h post transfection in MA104 cells. And the replication of the virus was detected by qRT-PCR and immunofluorescence. The results showed that the recombinant protein VP3 could promote viral replication, which provided an experimental basis for further exploration of the function of VP3 and its role in rotavirus replication. Related Articles | Metrics

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Impact on methylation of the promoter specific sitein GnRH gene with miR-29 WANG Xin, LI Xiaoning, CHEN Jiaxian, CHEN Zhen, XIAO Junhua, LI Kai, ZHOU Yuxun 2020, 37 (6):  12.  doi: 10.3969/j.issn.2095-1736.2020.06.012 Abstract ( 243 )   PDF   Save The study was to investigate the impact of miR-29 on the methylation state of GnRH promoter region in GT1-7 cells, and to observe the correlation between the specific CpG site of GnRH and its expression. Methylation ration of 7 CpG sites in GnRH promoter in GT1-7 and miR-29 knockout GT1-7 (miR-29KO-GT1-7) cells was determined by bisulfite genomic sequencing (BSP) and the next-generation sequencing. Dnmt3a and Tet1 were recruited at CpG6 site by CRISPR-dCas9, the change of methylation ration was tested by NGS, and the expression of GnRH was detected by real-time PCR. The results showed that overexpression of Dnmt3a at CpG6 site in miR-29KO-GT1-7 cells could make the methylation ration increase by 17% and the expression of GnRH decreased by 40%(P＜0.01); on the other hand, the Tet1 overexpression at this site in GT1-7 cells reduced the methylation level by 20%, while it increased the expression of GnRH by 50%(P＜0.05). Therefore, this study implied that miR-29 could regulate the GnRH expression by modifying the methylation state of the specific CpG site, which provides a novel epigenetic mechanism for the illustration of puberty onset regulation. Related Articles | Metrics

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Effects of nitrogen concentrations on enzyme activity and gene expression of aspartate aminotransferase in Populus trichocarpa#br# MIN Jie, CAO Dan, HAN Mei 2020, 37 (6):  17.  doi: 10.3969/j.issn.2095-1736.2020.06.017 Abstract ( 261 )   PDF   Save The PtAspATs enzyme activities and their transcripts levels were determined by native gel assay and quantitative real time RT-PCR (qPCR) respectively, in different tissues of Populus trichocarpa exposed to 0 mmol/L, 2 mmol/L and 10 mmol/L nitrogen concentrations. It was found that nitrogen deficiency resulted in the decrease of PtAspAT enzyme (including mitochondria, cytosol and plastid PtAspAT isozymes) activities in young leaves, stem segments and roots, but no significant change in mature leaves; meanwhile, at the transcript level, most of the PtAspAT genes showed a downward expression trend except for PtAspAT1, 2, 6 and 7. Under high nitrogen treatment, the PtAspAT enzyme (including mitochondria, cytosol and plastid PtAspAT isozymes) activities in the stem and root were significantly increased, but which in the leaves were decreased slightly, whereas at the transcript level, most PtAspAT gene transcripts were increased except for PtAspAT4, 5 and 6. Noteworthy, the mitochondria PtAspAT isozyme activities were increased with the increase of nitrogen concentration. However, this change was not coupled with corresponding PtAspATs mRNA, indicating that PtAspATs are subject to a complex regulatory control (e.g. post-transcriptional or post-translational control) in P. trichocarpa. This study would lay an important foundation for further study of the physiological role and regulation mode of aspartate aminotransferase in plants. Related Articles | Metrics

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Prokaryotic expression and purification of Cpf1 in Escherichia coli and preparation of polyclonal antibody#br# DONG Bin, WANG Jun, SUN Jing, WANG Baogui, SUN Chunlong, WU Tao 2020, 37 (6):  23.  doi: 10.3969/j.issn.2095-1736.2020.06.023 Abstract ( 301 )   PDF   Save In this study, the DNA encoding sequences of Cpf1 nuclease fragment (N-terminal 166 amino acids) were subcloned into pET-28a (+) vector and expressed in E. coli BL21. The IPTG concentration and induction time were optimized, and the purified protein was used to immunize New Zealand white rabbits. The titer of antiserum reached 128 000 by indirect ELISA method. The antibody was purified by Protein A resin and identified by Western Blot. The results showed that Cpf1(1-166) and Cpf1 expressed in E. coli could be specifically identified. This antibody provids a tool for the detection of Cpf1 in organisms and lay a foundation for promoting the application of CRISPR/Cpf1 system. Related Articles | Metrics

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Isolation and identification of MDA-MB-231 cell subpopulations by FOXM1 promoter tracing system#br# WANG Yunchao, LI Ziqing, XIANG Qin, TAN Yongjun 2020, 37 (6):  28.  doi: 10.3969/j.issn.2095-1736.2020.06.028 Abstract ( 289 )   PDF   Save In order to establish a method for visualizing FOXM1 expression in cells, a lentiviral plasmid (Lv-PromoterFOXM1-GFP) was constructed by the genetic engineering method, which carried the 1.2 kb FOXM1 promoter region and the green fluorescent protein (GFP) gene. The constructed Lv-PromoterFOXM1-GFP was cotransfected with packaging plasmids Δ8.91 and PVSVG into HEK293T cells to produce live lentivirus and infecting human breast cancer cell line， MDA-MB-231 cells， the flow cytometry was used to detect the GFP signal of MDA-MB-231 cells， and the result indicated that the lentivirus infection was successful. Lv-PromoterFOXM1-GFP infected MDA-MB-231 cells were subjected to flow sorting according to the GFP signal to obtain a GFP-High cell subpopulation and GFP-Low cell subpopulation. The FOXM1 protein levels between two obtained FOXM1-Low and FOXM1-High cell subpopulation samples were detected by Western Blot, and it was confirmed that GFP expression was in accordance with FOXM1 expression. Isolating the FOXM1 highly expressed cancer cells and poorly expressed cancer cells could provide research materials for studying the function of FOXM1 in the development of breast cancer. Related Articles | Metrics

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Construction of human HIF-1α gene knockout cell lines using CRISPR/Cas9 system#br# YANG Fang, ZHANG Baoyun, XIANG Wei, WANG Pingqing, XIANG Yuancai 2020, 37 (6):  33.  doi: 10.3969/j.issn.2095-1736.2020.06.033 Abstract ( 410 )   PDF   Save A specific target site obtained at the PAS (Per-ARNT-Sim) domain of human HIF-1α was used to construct a Cas9-gRNA-HIF-1α knockout plasmid. After transfected it into KGN cells, 21 monoclonal cell lines were selected by puromycin, and then determined by enzyme digestion, sequencing analysis and downstream gene verification, and finally obtained a specifically knockout HIF-1α homozygous cells (H20). Collectively, the specific knockout site used in this study can be efficiently target against HIF-1α, which will provide a reference for the specific knockout of HIF-1α in other cells through CRISPR/Cas9 system. Related Articles | Metrics

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Mangosteen peel extract "Mango Ether" inhibits proliferation and migration of breast cancer cell MCF-7#br# HUANG Kaiyue, LIU Minyan, CHEN Ting, LU Changrui, ZHAO Yue, SHAO Zhiyu, ZHANG Yunlong 2020, 37 (6):  38.  doi: 10.3969/j.issn.2095-1736.2020.06.038 Abstract ( 253 )   PDF   Save A kind of flavonoid "Mango Ether" was extracted and identified from mangosteen peel, and its anti-tumor activities in breast cancer cells were proved. However, the mechanism of Mango Ether is unclear. Three kinds of breast cancer cells, MCF-7, SUM1315MO2 and MDA-MB-231 were used to detect anti-proliferation effects of mango ether, taken the normal human breast cell MCF-10 as control cells. As results, Mango Ether had anti-proliferation effect on MCF-7 cells in a dose-and time-dependent manner. Its IC50 value of 24 h was 20 μmol/L, accompanied with apoptotic bodies. The detection of apoptotic signaling pathway by Western Blot showed that the expression of Bcl-2 down-regulated in a dose-dependent manner, while Bax and Cytochrome C significantly up-regulated, as well as the precaspase-9 expression also down-regulated. These results indicated that Mango Ether inhibited MCF-7 cells proliferation by a mitochondria-dependent apoptotic pathway. In addition, the results of the scratch test showed that Mango Ether can effectively attenuate the migration of MCF-7 cells. In conclusion, mangosteen peel extract, Mango Ether, could inhibit the proliferation and migration of breast cancer MCF-7 cells, which provids useful evidence for anti-tumor treatment strategy. Related Articles | Metrics

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The construction of acrR deletion strain of Aeromonas Veronii HU Kang, ZHANG Yidong, TANG Yanqiong, LI Hong, MA Xiang, LIU Zhu 2020, 37 (6):  42.  doi: 10.3969/j.issn.2095-1736.2020.06.042 Abstract ( 371 )   PDF   Save The recombinant plasmid pRE112-ΔacrR was constructed by amplifying the upstream and downstream homologous arms of acrR gene from the genomic DNA of Aeromonas veronii C4 and ligating them into the suicide plasmid pRE112. Subsequently the recombinant plasmid was transformed into E. coli WM3064, and mobilized into A. veronii to select the acrR gene knockout strain. Biofilm assay and growth curve analysis showed that knockout of acrR gene enhanced the biofilm formation but did not affect the growth of A. veronii. This study not only provided a necessary research material for the further exploration of the functions of AcrR in A. veronii, but also shed a light on the potential roles of AcrR in biofilm formation. Related Articles | Metrics

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Expression and enzymatic properties of a manganese peroxidase from Irpex Iacteus CUI Zhou-lei, WANG Hong-cheng, WU Jun-ming, CHEN Hua-you 2020, 37 (6):  46.  doi: 10.3969/j.issn.2095-1736.2020.06.046 Abstract ( 280 )   PDF   Save The manganese peroxidase gene derived from Irpex lacteus was codon optimized and inserted into pET-28a, and then expressed in E.coli BL21. The recombinant enzyme was purified by nickel affinity chromatography to obtain pure enzyme. Its specific enzyme activity was 24 U/mg and molecular weight was 43 ku. The enzymatic properties showed that the optimum reaction temperature and pH were 40 ℃ and 3.0, and the enzyme had good stability in the range of 20 ℃-50 ℃ and pH 2.5-3.5. Na+, Ca2+and Mg2+ promoted the recombinant enzyme activity at the concentration of 10 mmol/L, respectively. When the added mental ion concentration was 5 mmol/L, other mental ions except Ca2+ could inhibit the recombinant enzyme activity. Fe2+ and Cu2+ could significantly inhibit the recombinant enzyme activity at concentrations of 10, 5 and 1 mmol/L. The enzyme efficiently degraded 35.8% of lignin in corn stover and 27.3% of lignin in bran within 48 h. Related Articles | Metrics

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Characterization on the intermediate state of dimer depolymerization of Arabidopsis thaliana superoxide dismutase 1#br# LIU Zuojun, HUANG Shengwei, LI Minghao, WU Lifang 2020, 37 (6):  51.  doi: 10.3969/j.issn.2095-1736.2020.06.051 Abstract ( 231 )   PDF   Save Arabidopsis thaliana superoxide dismutase 1(AtSOD1) has been considered as a critical protein conferring cellular protection against the excessive accumulation of toxic reactive oxygen species, and an ideal model enzyme to understand the relationship between the structure and function of the protein as well. However, the structure stability and catalytic property of AtSOD1 remain poorly understood. In this research, active AtSOD1 with the correct coordinated geometry proved by electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) was heterogeneous expressed in Escherichia Coli (Rosseta), and then the thermal stability of the enzyme was further analyzed. Urea denaturation of apo and holo AtSOD1 was monitored by circular dichroism (CD), and the results indicated that there was a curve point between α-helix and β-fold in 0-8 mol/L urea while performance at 225 nm wave length. In addition, the curvilinear plateau had been found in holo AtSOD1 when added urea concentration increased from 4 to 5 mol/L. Interestingly, the trace of differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) heating scan of the holo enzyme indicated that the exothermic transition temperature (Tm) value had been observed at 102.2 ℃ and 100.5 ℃ in the enzyme reconstruction from monomer to dimer. According to the CD and DSC results, it was speculated that there is an intermediate state in the dimer unfolding process of AtSOD1 which reflects a type of special structure concerned structure stability. Related Articles | Metrics

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Two strains of topramezone degrading bacteria screening  and degradation ability determination#br# YANG Fengshan, SUN Cong, TANG Ruoyao, MA Yukun, FU Haiyan, LIU Chunguang 2020, 37 (6):  55.  doi: 10.3969/j.issn.2095-1736.2020.06.055 Abstract ( 227 )   PDF   Save wo strains of bacteria TOB1 and TOB2, belonging to Acinetobacter sp. and Pseudomonas sp., which could grow and degrade topramezone (500 and 5 mg/L), were isolated and screened from corn field soil with topramezone by enrichment and domestication, species identification and high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). The strains of TOB1 and TOB2 have strong tolerance and degradation ability on the topramezone and the good application potential for the soil bioremediation of the pollution of the topramezone. Related Articles | Metrics

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Diversity of endophytic fungi and the rhizosphere soil fungi communities of the endangered plant Paeonia ludlowii in Tibet#br# LU Yazhou, ZHANG Erhao, YIN Xiu, CAI Hao, YUAN Lei, LI Lianqiang, ZHAO Kentian, LAN Xiaozhong 2020, 37 (6):  59.  doi: 10.3969/j.issn.2095-1736.2020.06.059 Abstract ( 230 )   PDF   Save The endemic and endangered plant P. ludlowii was used as the material, high-throughput sequencing technique was used to sequence and analyze the Internal transcribed spacer (ITS) of endophytic fungi and rhizosphere soil fungi in P. ludlowii. The results showed that a total of 796 Operational taxonomic units (OTUs) were obtained in all samples. Among them, 228 OTUs were from the root, 55 OTUs from the stem, 70 OTUs from the leaf, 110 OTUs from the flower, 69 OTUs from the fruit. The number of upper, middle, and lower rhizosphere soils respectively were 421, 319, and 258 OTUs, belonging to 8 phylum, 13 class, 27 order, 50 family and 67 genus. The different tissues shared 5 OTUs, and 135 OTUs were shared in different soil samples. Biomarker analysis showed that Mycosphaerellaceae and Cladosporiaceae were mark groups in different plant tissues, and Nectriaceae was mark group in rhizosphere soil. The abundance and diversity of endophytic fungal communities in different tissues of P. ludlowii were different, and the root had the most diverse species of endophytic fungi. The richness and diversity of different fungi in rhizosphere soils were similar. Representative species might have medicinal function in plant tissues and rhizosphere soils, and fungal communities in root and rhizosphere soils were similar. The result of this study provided on basis for further research on endophytic and rhizosphere fungi of P. ludlowii. Related Articles | Metrics

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Chorispora bungeana suspension cultured cells Effect of 24-epibrassinolide on chilling tolerance of #br# LIU Yajie, AN Lizhe 2020, 37 (6):  64.  doi: 10.3969/j.issn.2095-1736.2020.06.064 Abstract ( 196 )   PDF   Save In order to further explore Brassinosteroids (BRs) roles in response to chilling stress in plants, the suspension cultured cells of Chorispora bungeana were treated with or without 24-epibrassinolide (EBR) with successive culture for 5 days at 0 ℃. The results indicated that EBR treatment significantly increased the contents of proline, soluble protein and soluble sugar in the suspension cultures under low temperature conditions, suggesting that EBR could promote the chilling tolerance of the cells by inducing the large accumulation of osmotic adjustment substances. In addition, phenylalanine ammonia-lyase (PAL) activity of the suspension cells was induced with significant increase after EBR treatment under low temperature stress, indicating EBR might enhance the chilling tolerance of the cells through activating the phenylpropanoids metabolic defense system to decrease the chilling injury. Moreover, the CbCOR15 expression was enhanced with a higher level in EBR-treated cells at earlier time points of cold treatment, which prevented the cell membrane hexagonal HII phase caused by low temperature and played significant roles in the stabilization of cell membrane structure and improvement of chilling tolerance at molecular level. Related Articles | Metrics

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Codon bias analysis of psbA gene in Liliaceae NI Dianmo, LI Ranjun, GUO Zhongjing, GAO Lingling, ZHOU Jiayu, LIAO Hai 2020, 37 (6):  68.  doi: 10.3969/j.issn.2095-1736.2020.06.068 Abstract ( 318 )   PDF   Save CodonW, CHIPS and CUPS programs were used to analyze the codon bias of psbA gene from 60 species of Liliaceous plants. As a result, 26 codons were preferable, of which 12 codons were very strong; whereas 10 codons were seldom used and 13 codons did not appear. The average ENc value of 37.84 indicated that the overall preference was weak. The average values of GC and GC3s were 42.5% and 48.0%, respectively, indicating that A and U were frequently used in both the total composition and the 3rd codon position. The CAI value of 0.218 indicated that the codon expression level was low. ENc-plot analysis showed that codon preference was mainly due to selection．The cluster analysis showed that the clustering based on the CDS sequence was better than that based on the RSCU value in the genetic relationship among all the Liliaceae plants, and it was more suitable as a reference for phylogenetic analysis of the family of the Liliaceae. Related Articles | Metrics

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Effect of water stress on physiology of quinoa in different developmental stages#br# TIAN Jijun, TANG Yuan, DONG Yu, YU Haiping, SUN Yanxia 2020, 37 (6):  73.  doi: 10.3969/j.issn.2095-1736.2020.06.073 Abstract ( 251 )   PDF   Save To explore the effect of water stress on the physiology of quinoa in different developmental stages, the drought stress with 30% polyethylene glycol 6000 (PEG6000) and the waterlogging stress with the double basin method were performed to treat the quinoa plants of different developmental stages to determine the content of osmotic substances and physiological indexes. The results showed that, compared with the control group, under drought and waterlogging stresses, the soluble protein (SP) content in the quinoa at four stages showed no significant difference, but the soluble sugar content decreased at seedling stage and increased at other stages significantly. Under drought stress, the activity of peroxidase（POD）displayed no obvious change at filling stage, but it increased significantly at other stages. Malondialdehyde（MDA）content increased at squaring and flowering stage, while it decreased or had no obvious change at other stages. Under waterlogging stress, POD activity of quinoa increased significantly at four stages. MDA showed increased content at squaring stage and a normal content at other stages. These results indicated that quinoa could reduce the adverse effect of water stress by increasing the content of WSS and POD activity. Drought had a great influence on the quinoa at squaring and flowering stages, and waterlogging had a great influence on the quinoa at squaring stage, and quinoa showed a strong tolerance to water stress at seedling and grouting stages. Related Articles | Metrics

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Zanthoxylum ailanthoides Sieb. et. Zucc., new to Anhui Province CHEN Jie, JIANG Chunqian, ZHANG Xudong, BAI Yanfeng, LIU Jianzhong, LI Shigui 2020, 37 (6):  77.  doi: 10.3969/j.issn.2095-1736.2020.06.077 Abstract ( 384 )   PDF   Save New distribution of Zanthoxylum ailanthoides Sieb. et. Zucc. in Qingyang of Anhui Province was discovered based on field survey in August, 2019. The distribution of this species in Anhui Province has not been reported in the relevant literatures. This discovery has great significance for Flora research and plant diversity protection in China. Related Articles | Metrics

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Phenotypic diversity of the Eothenomys miletus at different areas of Yunnan range in Hengduan mountains#br# REN Yue, JIA Ting, ZHANG Di, ZHANG Hao, WANG Zhengkun, ZHU Wanlong 2020, 37 (6):  79.  doi: 10.3969/j.issn.2095-1736.2020.06.079 Abstract ( 223 )   PDF   Save To determine the phenotypic diversity of Eothenomys miletus at different distribution areas of Yunnan range in Hengduan mountains, the Eothenomys miletus were collected from Ailaoshan, Lijiang, Jianchuan, Xiangelila and Deqin, respectively，and 24 phenotypic traits, such as body length, tail length and torso length, were chosen as research subjects. Principal component analysis，and cluster analysis were used to analyze these data. The results showed that 24 phenotypic traits were significantly different among the populations, and the variation was high; the interspecific variation was greater than the intraspecific variation, and the interspecific variation was the main factor of phenotypic variation. The average phenotypic differentiation coefficient (VST) between species was 87.54%, and the differentiation level was relatively large. The average coefficient of variation (CV) of phenotypic traits was 4.80% (1.99%-8.66%). Principal component analysis showed that DQ and XGLL populations were clustered together and using Euclidean distance for systematic cluster analysis, the populations divided into five groups, belonging to two major categories. Above all, the results indicated that the phenotypic traits of the Eothenomys miletus in different areas of Yunnan range in Hengduan mountains are geographically different, which may be related to the adaptation of animals to the environment. Related Articles | Metrics

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Effect of Tenghuangjiangu capsule on the expression of blood cell and inflammatory cytokines in rats with knee osteoarthritis#br# YAN Chun-lu, AN Fang-yu, JIANG Guo-feng, ZHAO Chong-bo, LI Jia-jin, LI Meng-han, GUO Dan 2020, 37 (6):  84.  doi: 10.3969/j.issn.2095-1736.2020.06.084 Abstract ( 241 )   PDF   Save To observe the plantar thickness of right posterior foot, the number of blood cells, the levels of IL-6 and IL-2 in rats with knee osteoarthritis（KOA）, the mechanism of Tenghuangjiangu capsule was explored. Sixty SD female rats were randomly divided into a shame control group, KOA medel group, a positive control group, Tenghuangjiangu capsule high-dose, middle-dose and low-dose grous. The modified Hulth method was used to make KOA models for 6 weeks. The rats in shame control group and model group were treated with normal saline, while the rats in Tenghuangjiangu capsule (high-dose, middle-dose, low-dose) groups received Tenghuangjiangu capsule (0.36, 0.18 and 0.09 g/kg), respectively, and which in the positive control group was treated with Xianlinggubao capsule (0.27 g/kg). After intervening, rats in each group were killed by femoral artery blood, and keen cartilage of rats were obtained, the pathological change was observed by HE staining method, and Mankin score was evaluated. The vernier caliper was adopted to observe the plantar thickness of right posterior foot, the whole blood automatic analyzer was applied to measure the number of blood cells, and the ELISA method was used to check the levels of IL-6 and IL-2. Results showed that the rats in Tenghuangjiangu capsule treatment group had the significant difference in decreasing the numbers of WBC, N/L, the level of IL-6 and the thickness of right rear fully plantar, while the rats in the middle group and in high group showed significant difference in dropping the Mankin score, the N number and increasing the L numbers; the level of IL-2 was decreased in high-group rats(P<0.05). The results indicated that Tenghuangjiangu capsule could relieve KOA pain and delay cartilage degeneration, which might be related to the decrease of the numbers of inflammatory cells and the expression of inflammatory cytokines. Related Articles | Metrics

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Community structure of plankton and eutrophication evaluation in Lake Jinhai, Beijing#br# WANG Zhe, ZHAO Wen, WEI Jie, LI Bo, SHI Xiao, WANG Tian-yu, DONG Cheng-hao, YIN Dong-peng 2020, 37 (6):  88.  doi: 10.3969/j.issn.2095-1736.2020.06.088 Abstract ( 236 )   PDF   Save In order to understand the characteristics of plankton community structure and eutrophication status in Lake Jinhai， beijing after the South-to-North Water Transfer Project, a comprehensive survey of water quality and plankton in Lake Jinhai was conducted in May and September, 2017, May and September, 2018, respectively. The results showed that Lake Jinhai belongs to diatom-cyanobacteria reservoir with CNaⅠ water type. A total of 111 species (varieties) of phytoplankton, including 8 phyla, with an average density of 4.10×106 ind/L, biomass of 6.68 mg/L, diversity index H′(2.94±0.53), evenness J (0.73±0.37) were collected. Ninty-seven species of zooplankton belonging to 56 genera were detected, with an average density of 1453 ind/L, biomass of 0.70 mg/L, diversity index H′(3.07±0.09) and evenness J(0.64±0.08). Four dominant species were Fragilaria acus, Didinium balbianii, Keratella cochlearis and Proales simplex. Twenty-seven functional groups of phytoplankton were divided, and the seasonal variation of representative functional groups from 2017 to 2018 was: spring (D/lM /LO/P/E), autumn (D/T/J/TC/NA), spring (D/P/J/NA), autumn (D/T/NA/S1/N), respectively. The TLI index was 43.57, belonging to the middle trophic type. The fish productivity of Lake Jinhai was 350.3 kg/hm2, and the total fish productivity of Lake Jinhai was 2.3×105 kg. Related Articles | Metrics

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Research progress on architecture of artificial cells HE Yaqing, GUO Zhenzhen, LIU Qiaoling 2020, 37 (6):  94.  doi: 10.3969/j.issn.2095-1736.2020.06.094 Abstract ( 548 )   PDF   Save Artificial cells are artificial organisms with similar cell structure and function. As a simplified living body, artificial cells not only have some characteristics of natural cells such as metabolism and reproduction, but also have the cell behavior and function of phagocytosis and intercellular communication similar to living cells. Simulating the structure and function of cells, simplifing the complex structure and function of cells and building specific structure and function of artificial cells are the current research hotspot. Researchers use top-down and bottom-up methods to construct artificial cells. In the top-down method, biological methods are used to redesign existing biological or gene sequences, eliminate unwanted genes, and obtain artificial cells with similar cell functions. In the bottom-up methods, artificial modules of non-biological ingredients are used as raw materials to build biological systems. Based on the operability and designability of industrial modules, the bottom-up approach is used to construct artificial cells with simple operations and good repeatability. The top-down and bottom-up approaches are veviewed for artificial cells, and the compartmentalization, growth and division, information processing, and energy supply systems of artificial are summarized and analyzed cells in the bottom-up approach. Related Articles | Metrics

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Research progress of resveratrol in mitochondrial quality control ZHANG Hu, LIANG Jiling, QIAN Shuaiwei, JIANG Liujun, CHEN Ning 2020, 37 (6):  99.  doi: 10.3969/j.issn.2095-1736.2020.06.099 Abstract ( 415 )   PDF   Save Resveratrol (Res) is a natural plant polyphenol with anti-oxidant, anti-inflammatory, reducing platelet aggregation, and improving cardiovascular diseases. Mitochondria, as the body′s main energy-supplying organelle, plays an important role in maintaining the normal operation of the body. More and more studies have found that Res can effectively control mitochondrial quality to prevent and cure metabolic and neurological system diseases, while the dosage of Res varies in different models, intervention approaches and time. Therefore, the mitochondrial biogenesis, fusion and division, mitochondrial autophagy in recent years and the dosage of mitochondria are reviewed to provide a theoretical reference for the better use of Res in regulating diseases related to the improvement mitochondrial quality control. Related Articles | Metrics

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Effect of intrusion of Spartina alterniflora along the ecosystem of eastern coast areas in China#br# WANG Dawei, SHEN Wenxing, WANG Hao 2020, 37 (6):  104.  doi: 10.3969/j.issn.2095-1736.2020.06.104 Abstract ( 252 )   PDF   Save Three most representative areas of the eastern coast, namely the Weijiangkou Wetland, Chongming Dongtan Wetland and Yancheng Danding Crane Reserve as the research objects, and analyzed the aspects of nutrient distribution mechanism, community characteristics and biomass and organic matter differences, respectively, to identify the mechanism of the invasion. The results indicated that the main reason is due to its strong invasion ability being higher than the genetic penetration ability and higher genetic differentiation ability than other plants. Meanwhile, the we also studied the impacts on the local the beach-coated flora and water birds to illustrate Spartina alterniflora′s negative influences on the habitat of the eastern coast. On this basis, it was suggested that more comprehensive managing methods should be adopted, and the research and development of its utilization as the core values, to further strengthen the control and prevention of the invasion of Spartina alterniflora′s countermeasures. Related Articles | Metrics

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Development of a monoclonal antibody colloidal gold immunochromatographic test strip for the detection of Haemophilus influenzae#br# HAO Huiwen, TAO Ye, SONG Huiru, YANG Bo, WANG Yi, HU Zheng 2020, 37 (6):  108.  doi: 10.3969/j.issn.2095-1736.2020.06.108 Abstract ( 230 )   PDF   Save To establish a rapid and sensitive detection method for Haemophilus influenzae, mice were immunized with P6 recombinant protein, and hybridoma cells were prepared by monoclonal antibody technology. Monoclonal antibodies were obtained by ascites preparation and affinity purification. An immunochromatographic test paper was developed based on the double antibody sandwich principle. As a result， two monoclonal antibodies against P6 recombinant protein were successfully screened and prepared, and their titers reached 1∶ 512 000. It confirmed that the monoclonal antibodies could specifically recognize the natural P6 protein of Haemophilus influenzae by Western Blot. The KD values of the two monoclonal antibodies were 10-9 and 10-10, respectively, and the affinity was good. By the established approach， Haemophilus influenzae was quickly and specifically detected in 10 min, and it had no cross-reaction with 9 common respiratory pathogens. After accelerated stability test, it could be stored and used at room temperature for one year, with good repeatability and stability. Related Articles | Metrics

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Design and practice of research oriented field practice of ecology HE Lei, YU Mingjian, DING Ping 2020, 37 (6):  112.  doi: 10.3969/j.issn.2095-1736.2020.06.112 Abstract ( 258 )   PDF   Save Aiming to speed up the construction of ecological specialty under the background of “double first-class”, the teaching idea, arrangement and assessment of ecology field practice were discussed in this paper, on a basis of the research and teaching base of ecology and the combination of related teaching experience. The ecology research-oriented field practice effectively integrated research with practical teaching, and meanwhile emphasized ecological research methods, data analysis, presentation and writing skills. The results indicated that field practice aroused the learning interest of students who were majored in ecology, expanded their ability of acquiring and applying ecological theories and research methods, and improved their enthusiasm to explore and participate in the study. Consequently, it would lay a foundation for cultivating innovative, research-oriented and application-oriented talents in ecology. Related Articles | Metrics

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Practice of student-centered online teaching design for biology courses GAO Yuan, ZHANG Suiling , WU Xiaochun, YANG Delong, SI Huajun 2020, 37 (6):  116.  doi: 10.3969/j.issn.2095-1736.2020.06.116 Abstract ( 257 )   PDF   Save In order to meet the requirements of "no reduction in teaching standards, no discount in teaching effect", we carried out the design and practice of student-centered online teaching. We explored the teaching mode of " online course learning as the main + online live video teaching as a supplement + flipped teaching as the promotion". Good practice effect was achieved through exploration and optimization of live broadcast teaching effect, construction of systematic network course learning community, exploration and innovation of flipped online teaching. Practice showed that this teaching model achieved good practice effect. The practice of student-centered online teaching design helped to promote the development of information education, which also provided a reference for optimizing and improving offline teaching and improving the teaching design ability of university teachers. Related Articles | Metrics

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P-value controversy and its impact on biostatistics teaching PENG Jia-shi 2020, 37 (6):  120.  doi: 10.3969/j.issn.2095-1736.2020.06.120 Abstract ( 330 )   PDF   Save Currently, P-value is at the core position for statistical analysis of biological data, as scientific inferences are made usually based on P-values. However, with the deepening of discussion of misunderstanding and the limitations of P-values, especially the anxiety about the reproducibility and replicability of scientific conclusions in the scientific community, an intense debate about the use of P-values has been raised especially. The misuse of P-values and the emergence of controversy over P-values can partly demonstrate the inadequacies in teaching of biostatistics in colleges and graduate schools. After introducing P-value controversy, reflections and enlightenments on biostatistics teaching are focused on from the current P-value controversy. Related Articles | Metrics

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Practice and experience of applying the hematological indices and bactericidal capacity measurement to advance the reform of zoological experiment with designing task#br# ZHANG Yunlong, YUAN Xiaochen, ZHU Ruolin, YANG Qichao, ZHANG Zhiqiang 2020, 37 (6):  123.  doi: 10.3969/j.issn.2095-1736.2020.06.123 Abstract ( 233 )   PDF   Save Based on the research progress of arising discipline-immunological ecology and the present situation of zoological experiment with designing task, this paper expounds the necessity of setting up such experiment, and summarizes the practice and experience of applying the hematological indices and bactericidal capacity measurement to advance the reform of zoological experiment with designing task. We believe that junior undergraduates have the potential to engage in innovative scientific research trained by such experiment, and a higher proportion of zoological experiment with designing task should be considered for future teaching plans. Related Articles | Metrics

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Construction and application for the virtual simulation experiment FU Yuanyuan, WANG Aiqin, LI Shiping, YANG Fengping, YIN Baofa, WEI Wanhong 2020, 37 (6):  126.  doi: 10.3969/j.issn.2095-1736.2020.06.126 Abstract ( 249 )   PDF   Save In order to solve the existed problems during operating the traditional experiments, like the difficult grasp, easy vulnerability of partial organics, and the invisible synergistic effect of structures and physiology, we constructed a virtual simulation experiment system of the morphological structure and function of rabbits. By implementing the experimental teaching model with the formative and experimental evaluation of "the integration of reality and virtual simulation", the experimental teaching results and students′ initiative had been significantly improved; while the experimental project "integrity, high efficiency, green, environmental protection" was also well achieved. Related Articles | Metrics