Table of Content

18 October 2020, Volume 37 Issue 5 Previous Issue   

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Synthetic biology and research progress YAN Wei, XIN Feng-xue, DONG Wei-liang, ZHOU Jie, ZHANG Wen-ming, JIANG Min 2020, 37 (5):  1.  doi: 10.3969/j.issn.2095-1736.2020.05.001 Abstract ( 965 )   PDF   Save Synthetic biology is one of the most potential fields of modern biology, which integrates many disciplines such as life science, engineering and information science. Based on the concept of engineering design, it constructs standardized components and modules, integrates the principles of engineering science, and adopts a bottom-up strategy to synthesize and improve the existing systems or systems, so as to reveal the law of life and build a new generation of bioengineering system. It creates a new research mode of "building knowledge" for life science. After the discovery of DNA double helix and the human genome sequencing project, synthetic biology is starting a new biotechnology revolution. As a new "convergence" discipline, with the progress of DNA synthesis technology and the deepening of the concept of synthetic biology, synthetic biology has made great progress in many research directions. This paper mainly introduces the concept of synthetic biology, summarizes the basic research content of synthetic biology and the research progress in natural products, medicine, energy and industry, and looks forward to the development prospect of synthetic biology. Related Articles | Metrics

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Research on gene co-expression network andprognostic biomarkers of ovarian cancer GU Yun-jing, ZHU Pin 2020, 37 (5):  10.  doi: 10.3969/j.issn.2095-1736.2020.05.010 Abstract ( 358 )   PDF   Save Ovarian cancer is a malignant tumor with low early diagnosis rate and high mortality rate.The identification of prognostic biomarkers and the prediction of patient risk are still important tasks in survival analysis. In this paper, a weighted gene co-expression network constructed by ovarian cancer prognosis-related genes was used to identify prognostic biomarkers and predict patient risk. Firstly, data of 320 patients with ovarian cancer were obtained from the TCGA(The cancer genome atlas) database, and 747 prognosis-related genes were selected by Cox univariable regression to construct a weight edgene co-expression network. Then, considering the biological significance of the network, the modulein co-expression network was re-weighted by integrating the protein-protein interaction(PPI)data from the module genes. Since topologically important genes in the network tend to play key roles in ovarian cancer, the topological properties of the genes in re-weighted network were used to rank the module genes. Finally, the Cox proportional hazards model was employed to construct prognostic models by these topologically important genes. By considering a balance between the model prediction ability and the number of genes, three prognostic biomarkers were identified. Survival analysis showed that the three biomarkers could significantly distinguish patients with different prognosis. Related Articles | Metrics

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Soluble expression and biological activity identification of CSP I-plusmodified human endostatin rES-CSP YU Tian-tian, ZHANG Jing-jing, XU Min-hua, JIN Xiao-bao, WANG Jie, MA Yan 2020, 37 (5):  15.  doi: 10.3969/j.issn.2095-1736.2020.05.015 Abstract ( 277 )   PDF   Save The soluble expression of the fusion protein rES-CSP was accomplished by condition optimization in order to obtain amount of active protein conveniently. Its biological activity was detected after purification. The fusion protein was made possible as a pharmaceutical. The rES-CSP was expressed under normal conditions, and the optimal strain was selected by SDS-PAGE. After optimization of induction time and temperature, the targeted protein was analyzed by Western Blot, purified by Ni-NTA, and the purity of the fusion protein was analyzed by RP-HPLC. The biological activity of fusion protein was detected by CCK-8 and flow cytometry. Results showed that the monoclonal strain with the target protein of about 43.84% of the total bacterial protein was selected as the research object. Soluble fusion protein rES-CSP was expressed at 25 ℃ for 20 h, and the amount was higher. The purity of rES-CSP after purification was over 98%. Biological assay showed that rES-CSP inhibited the proliferation of hepatoma cell line HepG2 and had stronger binding ability to HepG2. Related Articles | Metrics

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Amino acid substitution for the vicinity of many conserved amino acids  in the β-sheet region of the cephalosporin acylase REN Yu, CHANG Rui, WANG Ji-lian, MA Liu-feng, WANG Dong 2020, 37 (5):  19.  doi: 10.3969/j.issn.2095-1736.2020.05.019 Abstract ( 250 )   PDF   Save Cephalosporin acylase can catalyze cephalosporin C (CPC) to produce 7-amino cephalosporanic acid (7-ACA) which is the important pharmaceutical intermediate. However, the cephalosporin C acylase has low catalytic activity for CPC and is far from the requirements of industrial production. The gene of cephalosporin acylase (CPCase) from Pseudomonas sp. SE83 was synthesized, optimized and cloned into the vector pET28a to achieve high expression of CPCase, named WT. By comparing WT with the sequences of cephalosporin acylase from Pseudomonas SY-77, Pseudomonas N176 and CAD, 25 sites were selected near the conserved amino acids and 25 mutants were obtained by the site-directed mutagenesis. The results from enzyme activity showed that the catalytic activity of the mutant F311 was increased by 50% and others had decreased activity to CPC. The specific activity of F311 was 4.302 U/mg and the kcat/Km was 1.7 times to that of the WT. The structural analysis revealed that the F311A mutant made the binding pocket larger, the binding to the substrate CPC was stronger, and the catalytic efficiency was improved. Related Articles | Metrics

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Knockdown of SLC2A6 gene inhibits the proliferation of lungadenocarcinoma A549 cells by inducing G2/M arrest TIAN Di, CHEN Chun-fa, LIU Jia, HUANG Zhao, ZHAO Ping 2020, 37 (5):  24.  doi: 10.3969/j.issn.2095-1736.2020.05.024 Abstract ( 477 )   PDF   Save SLC2A6 is a member of the facilitative glucose transporter family, it codes GLUT6 protein. SLC2A6 is up-regulated in several numerous cancers, but is not widely expressed in normal tissues. In order to elucidate the functions and underlying mechanisms for SLC2A6 controlling cancer cell proliferation and apoptosis, we screened two SLC2A6 knockdown lung adenocarcinoma A549 cell lines by CRISPR/Cas9 to illustrate the effects of SLC2A6 on biological process. SLC2A6 expression in mRNA and protein levels has been reduced in SLC2A6-knockdown A549 cells. Western Blot analysis confirmed that SLC2A6 protein expression decreased by 74% in KD1 and 83% in KD2 cells, respectively, compared with the control vehicle. In SLC2A6 mRNA expression level, there are 70.6%±2.0% and 76.9%±4.1% reduction in KD1 and KD2 cells, respectively, compared with wild-type A549 cells. The results of MTT assay indicated that the proliferation rate of KD cells was slower. The fold change of cell number on the fifth day of growth decreased from 22.1±1.0 in WT cells to 13.5±0.9 or 12.2±1.0 than in KD1 and KD2 cells (P＜0.001). The cell cycle analysis via flow cytometry demonstrateed that SLC2A6 KD cells arrested at G2/M phase, as the percentage of cells in the G2 phase increased from 16.0%±1.0% of wild type (WT) cells to 23.0%±1.1% of KD1 cells or 27.4%±0.4% of KD2 cells (P＜0.05). Moreover, the results of cell cycle regulators RNA expression showed that G2/M arrest was associated with the regulation of expression APC, Rad9a, CDK1, cdc25 and p21Waf1/Cip1. In conclusion, our findings revealed a novel role for SLC2A6 in regulating cancer cell growth, which suggested that SLC2A6 may represent a viable anti-cancer drug target. Related Articles | Metrics

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Study on nanobacterial cellulose complex scaffold forthree-dimensional culture of MDCK cells GUAN Ye-mao, WANG Qing-jiang, LIU Jing, WANG Hai-ying, ZENG Xiao-bo 2020, 37 (5):  30.  doi: 10.3969/j.issn.2095-1736.2020.05.030 Abstract ( 265 )   PDF   Save Three-dimensional cell culture is widely used in various fields of biomedical research. The research of three-dimensional culture scaffold materials is an important aspect. Nanocellulose with a length of 600-800 nm and a diameter of about 50-150 nm was prepared from bacterial cellulose by acidic hydrolyzing. The nanobacterial cellulose was combined with sodium alginate and Matrigel to prepare a three-dimensional culture scaffold to test its effect on MDCK cells′ three-dimensional growth. It was found that MDCK cells grew poorly in the gel scaffold only containing sodium alginate. A scaffold combining nanobacterial cellulose and sodium alginate could increase the growth of MDCK cells and form more cell clusters. Fluorescent staining nucleus and cell membrane of the cell cluster formed in the composite scaffold showed the MDCK cell mass exhibited a cystic structure unique to three-dimensional growth. This indicated that the nanobacterial cellulose and sodium alginate complex scaffold could be used for three-dimensional culture of MDCK cells. Adding 0.5% Matrigel to the complex significantly promoted the three-dimensional growth of MDCK cells. This method of adding a small amount of Matrigel to the complex to supplement the extracellular matrix necessary for three-dimensional growth of cells had certain prospects in application development. The research would provide a preliminary basis for exploring nanobacterial cellulose as a scaffold material for three-dimensional cell culture. Related Articles | Metrics

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Test of expression pattern of tap gene in Drosophila melanoganster WANG Yue, HU Shu, WANG Xin-yi, ZHANG Ming-yan, JIANG Yu 2020, 37 (5):  35.  doi: 10.3969/j.issn.2095-1736.2020.05.035 Abstract ( 225 )   PDF   Save The tap gene of Drosophila melanogaster is characterized as ngn homologous gene because of its high base sequence similarity with mammal ngn gene. In the past two decades, the function and regulation of other genes except tap have been fully studied in the known ngn homologous group, while the corresponding research on tap gene has almost stagnated. Until used homologous recombination technique, the coding sequence of tap gene was accurately replaced with the coding sequence of Gal4 gene, and the tapGal4 strain was bred and cross with UAS-GFP strain. By fluorescence staining of GFP in Drosophila melanogaster, the expression pattern of tap gene in the development of the mushroom body was clearly observed. Furthermore, through quantitative analysis, it was determined that tap gene did not have proneural function in the development of mushroom body, but played an important role in the axon growth and right targeting. This paper mainly showed the expression pattern of tap gene in the development of brain and compound eye, which was helpful to knockout, knockdown or overexpress Tap protein in these organs, and then explore the function and regulation of tap gene in the development of these organs according to the resulting phenotypic changes. Related Articles | Metrics

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Construction and functional analysis of FveDDM1 geneRNAi interference vector in forest strawberries WANG Lei, GU Ting-ting, GAN Li-jun 2020, 37 (5):  39.  doi: 10.3969/j.issn.2095-1736.2020.05.039 Abstract ( 258 )   PDF   Save DNA methylation plays an important role in plant growth, organ differentiation and other biological processes. In this study, the function of DDM1 gene for forest strawberry was preliminarily investigated by constructing RNA interference(RNAi) expression vector. cDNA of forest strawberry was used as template, the forward fragment DDM1-1 and the reverse fragment DDM1-2 were cloned, and then they were respectively connected to interference expression vectors containing introns to construct RNAi expression vectors; it was transferred into Agrobacterium tumefaciens EHA105 receptor cells by freeze-thaw method, leaf disc method was used for genetic transformation of forest strawberry, and Gus staining was used to screen the positive seedlings; the phenotypic observation and expression analysis of transgenic strawberry plants were carried out. The results showed that the expression level of FveDDM1 gene in RNAi transgenic plants was lower than that in control plants, and the leaves showed obvious deformities, with narrowed leaf margins and deeper nicks. The results of this study can provide a basis for further exploration of the function and methylation of DDM1 gene on plant leaf growth and development. Related Articles | Metrics

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Analysis of ITS heterozygosity and genetic divergence inGentiana lawrencei var. farreri FU Peng-cheng, LIN Qing-yin, SUN Shan-shan 2020, 37 (5):  44.  doi: 10.3969/j.issn.2095-1736.2020.05.044 Abstract ( 266 )   PDF   Save Gentiana lawrencei var. farreri, which has medical and gardening value, is a common species in Gentiana and distributes on the Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau. Nuclear ribosomal internal transcribed spacer (ITS) is a common molecular marker used in phylogenetics and population genetics， but has difficulty in sequencing and data analysis due to heterozygosity. A total of 39 individuals from 7 populations of G. lawrencei var. farreri were sequenced after cloning in this study. The obtained 81 sequences identify 76 haplotypes in total. For the genetic variations, 87.61% occured within population and only 12.39% occured among populations. Haplotypes, which were rarely shared among individuals （2.64%）, did not show a clear phylogenetic relationship. In conclusion, this study showed high ITS heterozygosity in G. lawrencei var. farreri and would be helpful in researches about Gentiana evolution. Related Articles | Metrics

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Responses of seed germination of Cynanchi auricuti under salineand alkaline stresses in Kashi City of southern Xinjiang SUN Yan-mei, WANG Dong 2020, 37 (5):  48.  doi: 10.3969/j.issn.2095-1736.2020.05.048 Abstract ( 237 )   PDF   Save Cynanchi auricuti is widely distributed in the Kashi region, and it is a plant that can better adapt to the saline soil in southern Xinjiang. At present, there are few reports on the mechanism of the adaptation of Cynanchi auricuti to saline soil. Based on this, we studied the effects of daily germination rate, germination rate, germination potential, germination index, radicle length and growth rates of Cynanchi auricuti under typical neutral salt NaCl and alkaline salt Na2CO3 stresses in Kashi City. Relative salt-harmed rate and salt-tolerance were evaluated. The results showed that NaCl and Na2CO3 had significant effects on the daily germination rate, germination rate, germination potential, germination index, radicle length and growth rates. The stress of Na2CO3 was stronger than that of NaCl. Relative salt-harmed rate of Na2CO3 was higher than that of NaCl, and the high concentration of Na2CO3 directly inhibited the seed germination of Cynanchi auricuti. The salt-tolerant salt concentration, salt-tolerant semi-lethal concentration and salt-tolerant limit concentration of NaCl were higher than that of Na2CO3 at the germination stage. This experiment provides information for further research on the mechanism of Cynanchi auricuti adaptation to saline-alkali soil, and also lays a foundation for the improvement of saline soil in southern Xinjiang. Related Articles | Metrics

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Study on allelopathic inhibition of aloe-emodin on Microcystis aeruginosa ZHAO Hong-yan, WANG Jiao, CAO Jing-guo, YANG Zong-zheng, LIU Hong-lei 2020, 37 (5):  53.  doi: 10.3969/j.issn.2095-1736.2020.05.053 Abstract ( 288 )   PDF   Save Based on the problem of cyanobacteria bloom, aloe-emodin was selected as an algaecide, and the effects on the growth, photosynthesis, enzyme activity and microcystins of Microcystis aeruginosa by aloe-emodin were studied. The results showed that aloe-emodin had a strong inhibitory effect on Microcystis aeruginosa. With the concentration increased, the inhibitory effect was significantly improved. When the concentration of aloe-emodin was 200 mg/L, after 12 days of contact, the inhibition rate of cyanobacteria reached to 90%; the inhibition rates of chlorophyll a and carotenoids in algae cells were 78% and 90%, respectively; the inhibition rates of phycocyanin, allophycocyanin and phycoerythrin in phycobiliproteins were 100%, 95% and 89%, respectively. The inhibition rates of soluble protein and algal toxin were 73% and 100%, respectively. During the experiment, the SOD and CAT activities of algae cells increased firstly and then decreased. Finally, the inhibition rates of SOD and CAT activities were 62% and 33%, correspondingly. Related Articles | Metrics

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Effect of different environmental factors on seed germination andseedling growth of Dracocephalum tanguticum Maxim YIN Xiu, DE Zhen, ZHANG Er-hao, LU Ya-zhou 2020, 37 (5):  58.  doi: 10.3969/j.issn.2095-1736.2020.05.058 Abstract ( 249 )   PDF   Save In order to explore the relationship between environmental factors and seed germination of Dracocephalum tanguticum Maxim. for providing some references in artificial cultivation, the effects of environmental factors, including light, temperature, pH value, burial depth and nutrient solution on seed germination and seedling growth were studied. The results showed that seeds were light-needed for germination, which could be given moderate light (500 lx) at the germination stage. With the increase of incubator temperature, seed germination characteristics and seedling growth tended to increase at first and then decrease, the optimum temperature was 20 ℃, the optimum pH was 6.0-6.5, the germination rate could reach 44%-48% in the acidic ambient, and the growth of seedlings was better. Shallow seeding was suitable for artificial seeding, and the burial depth of 1 cm was advisable. At the germination stage, appropriate nutrient solutions could also be added to improve the germination rate. The optimum concentrations of nutrient solution KH2PO4 and NH4NO3 were 1 g/L and 0.5 g/L, respectively. Related Articles | Metrics

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A case report of bird species molecular identificationby birdstrike based on mtDNA FENG Hui, WANG Lu, FENG Cheng-li 2020, 37 (5):  62.  doi: 10.3969/j.issn.2095-1736.2020.05.062 Abstract ( 238 )   PDF   Save The mtDNA technology has been widely used in the research of species identification．In this study, a bird residue by birdstrike has been identified by the method of morphological and molecular identification. The result of morphological identification showed this bird was red-rumped swallow (Hirundo daurica). Directly extracted total DNA from the bird residue was sample amplified by PCR with two sets of bird-specific primers. Compared with the nucleotide sequences of Hirundo reported in GenBank, the unknown bird sequences of mtDNA Cytb gene and COⅠ gene were highly homologous (up to 99%) to the barn swallow′s (Hirundo rustica). The phylogenetic tree constructed with Cytb gene and COⅠ gene showed unknown bird and barn swallow strains into the same clade. The result of molecular identification showed this unknown bird was barn swallow. The morphological identification had some limitations. It was finally determined that the unknown bird was barn swallow. DNA barcoding using COⅠ or Cytb genes were reaffirmed, what is more, combining these genes were more effective for identification of bird species. Related Articles | Metrics

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Effects of short-term fasting and refeeding on hypothalamic neuropeptidesexpressions and behavior in Eothenomys miletus from different regions#br# REN Xiao-ying, LIU Chun-yan, HOU Dong-min, ZHU Wan-long 2020, 37 (5):  66.  doi: 10.3969/j.issn.2095-1736.2020.05.066 Abstract ( 258 )   PDF   Save Body mass and behavior patterns of animals change accordingly when the environment variations (such as fluctuations in food resources). There may be geographic differences in body mass regulation of one species inhabiting different regions. In the present study, the differences of physiological indices in Eothenomys miletus under fasting and re-feeding in a short time between Xianggelila (XGLL) and Jianchuan (JC) were measured. The results showed that significant effects of short-term fasting on body mass, food intake, serum leptin content, hypothalamic neuropeptide expressions and activity behavior were found in E. miletus. Body mass and serum leptin levels of E. miletus in XGLL were significantly lower than those in JC, and food intake and activity behavior were significantly higher than those in JC. Excluding the serum leptin levels, the physiological indexes of the E. miletus in two areas could restore to the control level after 7 days of re-feeding, showing greater phenotypic plasticity. All of the results suggested that there were significant differences in body mass, food intake, serum leptin levels, hypothalamic neuropeptide expression and activity behavior between different habitats, which might be related to the differences of environmental climate and food resource factors. Related Articles | Metrics

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Effect of Rosa rugosa, Thunb Radix Hedysari and Angelicae SinensisRadix decoction on the histomorphology and expressions of ERin uterus of perimenopause rats CHEN Xue-juan, AN Fang-yu, YAN Chun-lu, LIU Xue-song, DENG Jie 2020, 37 (5):  71.  doi: 10.3969/j.issn.2095-1736.2020.05.071 Abstract ( 269 )   PDF   Save The HE staining was used to observe the uterus tissue morphology, the RT-PCR and the immunohistochemistry were adopted to assay the ER levels in ovariecomized rats, and the therapeutic mechanism of Rosa rugosa, Thunb Radix Hedysari, Angelicae Sinensis Radix was explored. The middle dose group, high dose group of Rosa rugosa, Thunb Radix Hedysari and Angelicae Sinensis Radix decoction and estradiol valerate tablet group(positive control group) had significant difference in decreasing the rats weight(241.00±18.81, 236.10±25.20, 236.33±17.95) g, the rats in the middle group, high group and estradiol valerate tablet group showed significant differences in increasing the index of uterus(0.67±0.10, 0.76±0.11, 0.77±0.07); the gene expression and the protein of ERα(1.17±0.13/1367.19±214.32, 1.28±0.15/1478.39±195.62, 1.36±0.09/1279.35±168.33) and ERβ(1.13±0.03/1653.73±170.49, 1.05± 0.07/1833.94±195.45, 1.16±0.16/1713.25±231.73) were also raised at the same time in the rats of middle group, high group and estradiol valerate tablet group; the contents of E2(12.87±3.49, 17.15±4.73, 19.19±3.79, 16.48±3.34) ng/mL were increased in the rats of low group, middle group, high group and estradiol valerate tablet group(P<0.05). The glands appeared and monolayer columnar epithelial cells arranged neatly in high group and estradiol valerate tablet group. The experiment suggested that Rosa rugosa, Thunb Radix Hedysari and Angelicae Sinensis Radix decoction could improve ovariecomized rats from pathological changes of uterus, and the effect might be related to that Rosa rugosa, Thunb Radix Hedysari and Angelicae Sinensis Radix decoction could regulate the contents of E2 in serum and the expression of ERα, ERβ in uterus. Related Articles | Metrics

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Influence of lactic acid bacterium derived from fermented beancurd on growth and development of zebrafish WANG Zhi-yi, QIAN Ye, CHEN Yi-ran, XU Rong, ZHANG Mei-ling 2020, 37 (5):  76.  doi: 10.3969/j.issn.2095-1736.2020.05.076 Abstract ( 376 )   PDF   Save Probiotics play an important role in animal health, but the effects on the feed intake and moving capacity of animal larvae are not clear. Exploring the effects of probiotics on the growth and development of animals is of great significance for the regulation of larval nutrition. Traditional fermented foods are one of the sources of probiotics. In this study, a lactic acid bacteria (FR27) resistant to bile salts was isolated from fermented bean curd by using lactic acid bacteria culture medium (MRS). The strain was sequenced and the results showed this strain was affiliated to Lactobacillus plantarum. To explore the effect of FR27 on the growth and development of zebrafish, the fertilized eggs of zebrafish were collected and divided into three treatment groups, the control group (without adding bacteria), the low-concentration group (adding 104 cfu/ mL FR27) and the high-concentration group (adding 105 cfu/mL FR27), and the treatment lasted for three weeks. The hatching rate of zebrafish eggs, the growth condition and development of juvenile fish were measured. The results showed that the addition of FR27 could increase the hatching rate of zebrafish eggs, the body length and fat deposition of juvenile fish, which were more significant (P<0.05) in the high-concentration group as compared with the other groups. The feed intake and movement of juvenile fish were increased in FR27-added group. In summary, we speculated that FR27 promotes juvenile fish growth and fat deposition by enhancing the feed intake and moving ability of zebrafish juveniles. Related Articles | Metrics

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The vertical changes of the accumulation rates and densities of the ephippia of Daphnia species in the sediment of Lake Donghu（Wuhan City）and its correlations with the nutrients SUN Yu-chen, ZHANG Ting-ting, GUO Hong-hui, ZHANG Fei-yun, WANG Zi-yan, DENG Dao-gui 2020, 37 (5):  81.  doi: 10.3969/j.issn.2095-1736.2020.05.081 Abstract ( 246 )   PDF   Save In this paper, the vertical changes of the accumulation rates and densities of Daphnia ephippia in the sediments (44 cm) of Lake Donghu and its correlations with the nutrient contents were studied. In the sediments 44-1 cm (from 1914 to 2015), the contents of total nitrogen and total phosphorus displayed an obviously increasing trend from the bottom to the surface. The ephippia of three Daphnia species were identified, namely, D. similoides sinensis, D. pulex and D. galeata. However, the ephippia containing resting eggs of three Daphnia species were all not found. In the 20-1 cm sedimentary layers (1963 year ago), the accumulation rates (0-2.7×103 ind./(m2·a)) and densities (0-1.0×103 ind./(g·dw)) of total ephippia of three Daphnia species were all at low levels, whereas the accumulation rates and densities of D. similoides sinensis showed an obviously increasing trend in the 44-21 cm sedimentary layers ( after 1963) and were significantly higher than those of D. pulex and D. galeata. There were all significant relationships (P<0.01) between total nitrogen and total phosphorus contents and the ephippial accumulation rates of three Daphnia species. Our results suggested that the changes of the accumulation rates and densities of Daphnia ephippia in the sediments could reflect the historical succession of Daphnia community in Lake Donghu, and lake eutrophication and the interference of human activities affected the vertical changes of Daphnia ephippia in the sediments of Lake Donghu. Related Articles | Metrics

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Effect of cementation method on microbial inducedcalcium carbonate precipitation ZHANG Hai-li, XU Pin-pin, LIU Shu-hua, LENG Li-jian, ZHOU Wen-guang 2020, 37 (5):  85.  doi: 10.3969/j.issn.2095-1736.2020.05.085 Abstract ( 172 )   PDF   Save microbial cement; MICP; urea; cementation performance Related Articles | Metrics

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The progress on the ubiquitin ligase UBE4B LU Yao, ZHAO Bo, WU Zheng-hua 2020, 37 (5):  90.  doi: 10.3969/j.issn.2095-1736.2020.05.090 Abstract ( 558 )   PDF   Save Ubiquitination is an important post-translational modification (PTMs), regulating several cellular functions. UBE4B, a kind of E3 ubiquitin ligase enzyme, belongs to the U-box family that contains a characteristic U-box domain of about 70 amino acids, which directly recognizes specific substrates during the ubiquitination. UBE4B has a special E4 activity, which can drive polyubiquitin chain assembly with E1, E2, and E3. UBE4B plays a critical role in life processes such as embryonic development and neuron protection. It can also degrade a variety of substrates with important physiological functions, such as p53, EGFR, FEZ1 and Ataxin-3. UBE4B is related to the occurrence and development of cancer, neurodegeneration diseases and obesity. The study of UBE4B is of great significance for disease treatment and new drug development. This review demonstrated the structural characteristics, physiological functions, related diseases, and substrates of UBE4B, elaborating the research progress of UBE4B in the past two decades and providing theoretical guidance for further study of UBE4B. Related Articles | Metrics

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Recent implications of erythropoietin in neurodegenerative diseases XU Heng-zheng, WU Zhi-meng, CHENG Xiao-zhong 2020, 37 (5):  94.  doi: 10.3969/j.issn.2095-1736.2020.05.094 Abstract ( 410 )   PDF   Save Erythropoietin (EPO) is a acid glycoprotein with biological activity mainly secreted by the human kidney, which can promote the proliferation, differentiation and maturation of erythroid progenitor cells under normal physiological conditions. It plays an important role in the formation of red blood cells and bone marrow hematopoiesis, and is mainly used in the treatment of chronic anemia in medicine. In recent years，more and more studies have shown that EPO has neuroprotective effects and can regulate the nervous system through different signal transduction pathways. Among them, EPO / EPOR (Erythropoietin receptor, EPOR) has been widely studied in the neurodegenerative diseases field. The interaction between EPO and EPOR can activate different downstream target molecules, and finally achieve the purpose of regulating the nervous system. EPO has potential therapeutic effects in a variety of neurodegenerative diseases, such as Parkinson′s disease, Alzheimer′s disease, Spinal cord injury and Brain ischemia. This review focused on the recent implications of erythropoietin in neurodegenerative diseases. Related Articles | Metrics

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Mechanism and application of elicitors in the production of secondarymetabolites from hairy roots of medicinal plants QI Min-jie, LIANG E, ZHANG Lai 2020, 37 (5):  99.  doi: 10.3969/j.issn.2095-1736.2020.05.099 Abstract ( 293 )   PDF   Save The secondary metabolites of medicinal plants have a wide application prospect in medicine and food industry, but the utilization rate of natural secondary metabolites is low, so the hairy root culture technique appeared in 1980s provides a new and effective way for the production of secondary metabolites in medicinal plant. At present, some secondary metabolites such as saponins, flavonoids, alkaloids and quinones have been produced by hairy root culture. The elicitor not only can promote the excessive accumulation of secondary metabolites in hairy roots of medicinal plants, but also can reduce the production cost of secondary metabolites. To a certain extent, the resources of rare and endangered medicinal plants are protected, thus realizing the sustainable development of the resources. Therefore, the technique of using elicitors to treat hairy roots of medicinal plants for promoting the excessive accumulation of secondary metabolites has been widely concerned at home and abroad. In this paper, the classification of elicitors and their mechanism of action in the synthesis of secondary metabolites in medicinal plants were introduced, and the current status of their research and application was reviewed, so as to provide some references for the related research and application. Related Articles | Metrics

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Development, application and research expectationof human growth hormone LU Chen, NI Xiao-yan, QIN Jian-dong, WANG Bing, SONG Li-hua 2020, 37 (5):  103.  doi: 10.3969/j.issn.2095-1736.2020.05.103 Abstract ( 579 )   PDF   Save Human growth hormone(hGH)is a peptide hormone secreted by the anterior pituitary gland, which plays an important role in regulating the human metabolism and growth via the GH-IGF-1 axis. In 1958, Raben was one of earliest on using pituitary-derived growth hormone(pit-hGH)to treat children with hypopituitarism and got good effect. With the rapid development of molecular biology techniques, Goeddel and Seeburg have developed a lower cost and safer recombinant human growth hormone(rhGH)using gene recombinant expression technology in 1979. In 1985, the FDA approved rhGH for GHD patients. Today, the clinical application of rhGH is not confined to treat children with short statues. It is also widely used in severe burn, adult growth hormone deficiency(AGHD), chronic renal insufficiency, assisted reproductive, congenital hypoplasia of ovary, respiratory failure, severe infection and anti-aging fields. With the improvement of manufacturing processes and dosage form and the further elucidated of metabolic mechanisms, the rhGH is expected to bring more benefits to humankind. Related Articles | Metrics

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Study on the detection method of type I/III collagen in porcinesmall intestinal submucosa extracellular matrix ZHANG Yang, CHEN Yi, GAO Jian-ping, XIA Lei-lei, LI Yong-chao, WANG Qing-shi, ZHANG Gui-feng, ZHAO Bo 2020, 37 (5):  108.  doi: 10.3969/j.issn.2095-1736.2020.05.108 Abstract ( 353 )   PDF   Save Type I and III collagen are the major components of porcine small intestine submucosal extracellular matrix (SIS). This study intends to establish a collagen type identification and quantitative detection method based on liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry. Firstly, the ion trap mass spectrometry (LCQ) was used to detect the digestion of the collagen standard and SIS products that had been marketing to identify the type of collagen and its marker peptides. The marker peptide of type I collagen was GETGPAGPAGPVGPVGAR, and type III was GPPGAVGPSGPR. The triple quadrupole mass spectrometry (TSQ) was used to detect the marker peptides, and then the contents of type I and III collagen in SIS were calculated by the linear relationship between the concentration and the peak area. The result showed that the contents of I and III in VIDASISTM and Biodesign were close to that of the total collagen content. the contents of I and III collagen in porcine Achilles tendon and dermis were detected by HPLC-MS, and the results accorded with the distribution of type I and III collagen in tissues. Related Articles | Metrics

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Degradation process of collagen sponge and acellular matrix implanted in rat MA Ye, ZHAO Lei-lei, GAO Jian-ping, KONG Ying-jun, ZHANG Gui-feng, LIU Tao 2020, 37 (5):  112.  doi: 10.3969/j.issn.2095-1736.2020.05.112 Abstract ( 330 )   PDF   Save For collagen-based biomaterials, the degradation processes of bovine collagen-based sponges and acellular matrix(ACM) materials were studied by different methods. The degradation laws of the two materials were compared, and the degradation cycle of collagen-based materials in vivo was quantitatively examined. Collagen sponges and ACM were implanted subcutaneously on both sides of the spine of SD rats, and samples were taken at different weeks to observe the degree of degradation of the two materials and weighed to establish a degradation curve. The characteristic peptide GEGGPQGPRG of bovine type I collagen was quantified. The remaining part of the rat body was digested in batches, and the characteristic peptide was quantified by triple quadrupole mass spectrometry to establish a degradation curve. The results showed that the ACM matrix and collagen sponge had the same degradation trend. The collagen sponge was degraded for 8 weeks, and the characteristic peptide concentration was (0.40±0.10)×10-5 mg/mL, indicating that the collagen sponge was completely degraded. The acellular matrix was degraded for 16 weeks, and the characteristic peptide concentration was (1.30±0.11)×10-5 mg/mL, indicating that the acellular matrix was completely degraded. Related Articles | Metrics

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Design of plant physiology course teaching based on the concept of PAD class SUN Xin, YANG Shi-min, WEN Tao 2020, 37 (5):  117.  doi: 10.3969/j.issn.2095-1736.2020.05.117 Abstract ( 290 )   PDF   Save Plant physiology is an important basic course for college students majored in life science, agriculture and forest. Under the background of rapid development in teaching philosophy and discipline frontier, the teaching mode of plant physiology course needs to be improved. In this article, a teaching mode based on the concept of PAD （Presentation, asimilation and discussion） class was introduced, which was designed according to the course features and the teaching situation of plant physiology. And the design was also referred to PAD class in other courses. Related Articles | Metrics

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Exploration and practice of inquiring teaching in the curriculum of comprehensive experiment of bioinformatics #br#     #br# XIE Xiao-fang, HE Hua-qin, XU Wei-feng, LIAN Ling-li, TAO Huan, YANG Jia-han 2020, 37 (5):  120.  doi: 10.3969/j.issn.2095-1736.2020.05.120 Abstract ( 287 )   PDF   Save Comprehensive experiment of bioinformatics is one of the core practical courses for undergraduates majoring in bioinformatics. Aiming for fostering talents with the comprehensive ability, the current experimental teaching reformation demands significant improvements in this kind of course. To improve the professional quality of undergraduates, we proposed inquiring teaching, described the subject selection, task implementing and evaluation. Furthermore, we presented an example to show its application (transcriptome analysis of LOC_Os05g01710-mediated resistance to bacterial leaf streak in rice (Oryza sativa L.). The students performed the practice of data processing, differential expression gene screening, function and pathway analysis, and concluded the relationship between the gene and the resistance to bacterial leaf streak in rice. Learning-assessment result showed that inquiring teaching could help the students to consolidate the knowledge of bioinformatics, improve the professional quality of the students, and motivate their learning interest and ability of self-study. The present inquiring teaching can be applied to other related experiment courses of biology. Related Articles | Metrics

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Application and exploration of case-based study inanimal product processing teaching ZHANG Hui-min, MAO Yong-jiang, LI Ming-xun, CHEN Zhi, YANG Zhang-ping 2020, 37 (5):  124.  doi: 10.3969/j.issn.2095-1736.2020.05.124 Abstract ( 204 )   PDF   Save In order to improve the teaching quality of animal product processing, case-based study was used to reform the course. According to the objectives of different chapters, two types of case-based study: discuss and practice were designed, and their implementation processes (case selection, analysis and discussion, summary and evaluation by teacher) were analyzed. The results showed that case-based study in animal product processing could not only improve students′ enthusiasm and initiative in learning, but also improve their abilities of expression, problem analysis and problem solving, and teamwork, in addition to the improvement of teachers′ own professional ability. Related Articles | Metrics

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The construction of a talent training system centered on improving the ability of innovation and practice： the exploration is based on biological and medical research and development#br# #br# CHEN Lin, SHI Ya, LI Yan, YAN Yan 2020, 37 (5):  127.  doi: 10.3969/j.issn.2095-1736.2020.05.127 Abstract ( 322 )   PDF   Save Discipline construction is the core and leader of university development, and talent training is the foothold of discipline construction in universities. In order to connect with the development of the biomedical industry and cultivate innovative talents that match the needs of the industry, a talent training system centered on improving the ability of innovation and practice has been constructed in the construction of the biomedical disciplines. Reforms and innovations have been made in the tutor team building, practice base construction and talent training models, which have significantly improved graduate students' innovative and practical capabilities. Facing the future, it is necessary to strengthen school-enterprise linkage, promote the collaboration of dual mentors, and further deepen the reform of the talent training system based on demand. Related Articles | Metrics