Abstract: The shrimp industry is the pillar industry of our country's aquaculture and occupies and important position in our country's import and export trade. However，as the degree of intensification increases，the farming environment and disease problems become more and more serious，the use of chemical drugs has increased，the shrimp growth rate and product quality have declined significantly，and traditional farming methods and frequent water exchange cause environmental problems such as inverted algae，no algae and harmful algae in the pond，which have caused people to worry about the safety of shrimp food and seriously affected the shrimp industry development. Microalgae plays an important role in the ecosystem of prawn culture ponds. Constructing a benign microalgae community can not only improve the nitrogen pollutants absorption efficiency and improve the environment, but also reduce the environmental pollution caused by cultivating. Directional cultivation of beneficial microalgae is an important technical measure for improving the water quality in pond，and has broad application prospects in the aquaculture industry. This paper introduces the selection of algae species and pond cultivating mode，and directional cultivation techniques of microalgae，to provide references and ideas for the application and development of microalgae directional cultivation techniques.

Key words: microalgae, prawn pond, directional cultivation, Oocystis