Abstract: Anaerobic ammonia oxidation coupled with different electron acceptors is a series of novel biological denitrification approaches reported in recent years, which has not only attracted much attention in the field of wastewater biological treatment, but also played a crucial role in geochemical cycles of nitrogen, sulfur, iron, and manganese. This paper focused on four anaerobic ammonia oxidation processes coupled with different electron acceptors, including nitrite-dependent anaerobic ammonia oxidation, sulfate type anaerobic ammonia oxidation (Sulfammox), anaerobic ammonium oxidation coupled to Fe(Ⅲ) reduction (Feammox) and anaerobic ammonium oxidation mediated by MnO2(Mnammox). The reaction mechanisms and reaction equations were summarized and the phylogenetic diversity and metabolic characteristics of different anaerobic ammonia oxidizing bacteria were reviewed. The research progress and functional microorganisms of anaerobic ammonia oxidation processes coupled with different electron acceptors were elucidated. Finally, the application bottlenecks and the future development were discussed. The aim was to provide theoretical support for further in-depth research, and to provide a new perspective for promoting the development of anaerobic ammonia oxidation technology with different electron acceptors and the application in the field of wastewater denitrification.

Key words: anaerobic ammonium oxidation, sulfate-reducing ammonium oxidation, Feammox, Mnammox, different electron acceptors