Abstract: Bio-oxidation of arsenopyrite is a major contributor to the generation of arsenic-containing acid mine drainage. This paper summarized the research status of key influencing factors and source control technologies related to arsenopyrite bio-oxidation. The physical and chemical properties, as well as the chemical and biological oxidation processes, of arsenopyrite were introduced. Detailed explanations were provided regarding the impact and mechanisms of environmental factors, such as microorganisms, co-existing ions, organic matters, and associated minerals, on arsenopyrite bio-oxidation. The oxidation of arsenopyrite and the release of arsenic into the environment are predominantly driven by water, oxygen, and microorganisms. The process can be inhibited by isolating any of these components, thereby preventing the formation of acid mine drainage. Consequently, the advantages and disadvantages of present source control methods such as oxygen barriers, bactericides, co-disposal, and passivation were analyzed and compared. Besides, potential research directions in this field were also outlined, providing a theoretical foundation for evaluating and mitigating arsenic-containing acid mine drainage caused by arsenopyrite bio-oxidation.

Key words: arsenopyrite, bio-oxidation, environmental factor, arsenic pollution, acid mine drainage