Abstract: In this study，the plant tissue culture technology was applied to the breeding ofPaeonialudlowiiin order to improve the seedling rate and shorten the seedling cycle. The seed coat and endosperm were stripped，the seed embryo was separated and inoculated directly into MS medium with plant growth regulators，and then the changes of germination rate and seedling rate were studied. The results showed that the optimal hormone ratio of embryo culture was as follows：MS+0.5 mg/L 6⁃BA+0.5 mg/L IAA+0.2 mg/L GA3，the germination rate and seedling rate reached the maximum，72.25% and 70%，respectively. When the embryos were inoculated on the above medium，the seed embryos began to germinate after 3 to 5 days，the seed embryos germinated after 7 days，the cotyledons were emerged from the cotyledons after 15 days，radicle was formed after in 30 days，about 1⁃4 cm in length and the aseptic seedlings ofP.ludlowiiwere transferred to the rooting medium for 1/2 MS+1 mg/L IBA+0.2 mg/L NAA to take root. When the aseptic seedlings were 2 to 3 months old and about 5 cm in height，the seedlings could be scoured for one week and then transplanted and the seedling formation period was 2 to 3 months，which greatly reduced the breeding cycle compared with the traditional seeding cycle of two years.

Key words: Paeonialudlowii, plant tissue culture, seed embryo, seedling rate