Table of Content

18 June 2025, Volume 42 Issue 3 Previous Issue   

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Nanosecond pulsed surface dielectric barrier discharge plasma stimulates the growth of Ganoderma lucidum and the accumulation of ganoderic acids by regulating H3K4me2 ZHANG Ying, HUANG Qing 2025, 42 (3):  1.  doi: 10.3969/j.issn.2095-1736.2025.03.001 Abstract ( 145 )   PDF   Save The mechanism of nanosecond pulse dielectric barrier discharge plasma (NS-DBD) promoting the growth ofGanoderma lucidumand the biosynthesis of ganoderic acids from the perspective of epigenetics was explored. Through high-performance liquid chromatography detection, it was found that NS-DBD can promote the biosynthesis of ganoderic acids. Through biochemical indicators detection, it was found that NS-DBD induced the accumulation of intracellular reactive oxygen species inG. lucidum, leading to an increase in the activity of antioxidant enzymes such as total superoxide dismutase, catalase, and glutathione reductase. Simultaneously, there was an increase in the expression of genes related to the biosynthesis of ganoderic acids. Through immunofluorescence and chromatin immunoprecipitation sequencing methods, it was confirmed that there were significant changes in the H3K4me2 modification levels of geneshmgr, pmvk, mvd, sqs, andlsin the ganoderic acids synthesis pathway after NS-DBD treatment. The H3K4me2 modifications of geneshmgr, pmvk, mvd, andlswere mainly distributed in the exon regions of the genes, while the H3K4me2 modifications of genesqswere distributed in the upstream 2 kb and exon regions. Therefore, this study suggested that NS-DBD regulates the H3K4me2 modification levels of some key genes in the ganoderic acids synthesis pathway by stimulating ROS accumulation, thereby regulating the growth ofG. lucidumand the synthesis of ganoderic acids. Related Articles | Metrics

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Conformational analysis of the yybP riboswitch binding to Mn2+ under alkaline conditions YU Yingying, FENG Shanshan, XIAO Wenwen, CHEN Ting, ZHANG Yunlong, LU Changrui 2025, 42 (3):  9.  doi: 10.3969/j.issn.2095-1736.2025.03.009 Abstract ( 103 )   PDF   Save TheyybP-ykoYfamily, a common type of riboswitch in bacteria, can sensitively detect the concentration of Mn2+. A novel pH response element was discovered in the 5′-UTR region of theE.coli alxgene containing one of the conserved sequences of theyybPriboswitch. Based on structural predictions, theE.coli yybPriboswitch is structurally similar to the known riboswitch located on the upstream of theyoaBgene inLactococcus lactis, suggesting that Mn2+ binding site may also locate at L1 and L3 ring. However, the current studies on theyybPriboswitch aptamer domain ofE.colifocused on static analysis; thus conformational changes after binding with Mn2+ under different pH conditions are still unclear. In this study, a SHAPE chemical detection method was used to analyze conformational differences before and after binding with Mn2+ at different pH (pH 6.0, 7.0, 8.0) for theyybPriboswitch aptamer domain. The results confirmed that L1 and L3 rings of theyybPriboswitch aptamer domain were Mn2+ binding sites, and the change of pH in solution did not affect the capability of theyybPriboswitch to bind Mn2+. The whole nucleic acid skeleton of P1 and P2 of theyybPriboswitch folded into a compact double helix at pH 8.0. In summary, Mn2+ binds theyybPriboswitch under alkaline conditions made its structure more stable, which was presumably conducive to the regulation of the downstreamalxgenes byyybPriboswitch, and provided a theoretical basis for the subsequent study of the mechanism of action of the riboswitch. Related Articles | Metrics

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Construction of EGA-BPNN model for prediction of deep nitrogen removal efficiency of denitrifying biological filter  TAO Jian, JIANG Fangyuan, SHI Xianyang 2025, 42 (3):  15.  doi: 10.3969/j.issn.2095-1736.2025.03.015 Abstract ( 89 )   PDF   Save 　The deep nitrogen removal efficiency of the denitrifying biological filter (DNBF) was accurately estimated under different external carbon sources and C/N conditions by establishing a DNBF deep nitrogen removal prediction model based on support vector regression (SVR) and BP neural network (BPNN), which was further optimized using an evolutionary algorithm. The model was trained and its generalization ability was verified using experimental data from DNBF, with the optimal prediction model determined based on evaluation parameters. Results showed that SVR had better prediction performance for TN removal rate (R2=0.904) compared to BPNN (R2=0.876). By applying differential evolution algorithm (DE)-SVR and elite retention Genetic algorithm (EGA)-BPNN optimized by evolutionary algorithm, improvements of 1.5% and 11.5% were achieved respectively, compared to SVR and BPNN models. EGA-BPNN demonstrated significantly better predictions for TN removal rate, NO－2-N mass concentration, and NO－3-N mass concentration with R2 values of 0.991, 0.971, and 0.926 respectively when compared to other models; indicating that the structure and model parameters of the neural network were effectively optimized through the evolutionary algorithm resulting in improved model performance. Additionally, EGA-BPNN exhibited good generalization ability as evidenced by R2 values of 0.969 for TN mass concentration, 0.980 for NO－2-N mass concentration, 0.974 for NO－3-N mass concentration, and 0.864 for COD mass concentration, thus confirming its effectiveness in predicting nitrogen removal efficiency of DNBF under different external carbon source strategies. Related Articles | Metrics

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Establishment of a mouse aging assessment model based on molecular markers of aging and its preliminary application SHI Jingjing, HE Shidan, TANG Yuxin, ZHOU Yuxun, LI Kai, XIAO Junhua 2025, 42 (3):  22.  doi: 10.3969/j.issn.2095-1736.2025.03.022 Abstract ( 154 )   PDF   Save Shortened telomere length and mitochondrial DNA copy number changes are recognized as molecular markers of aging. In this study, quantitative PCR technology was used to detect the dynamic changes of telomere length and mitochondrial DNA copy number in 9 tissues of female and male C57BL/6 mice aged 2－24 months. A mouse aging evaluation model based on two molecular markers was constructed by multiple linear regression, and the fit degree (r2) of the regression model was between 0.4－0.8. Through this model, it was found that at least one molecular marker of senescence was significantly associated with the age of the month in 9 tissues of female or male mice. As a practical application, whether reproductive stress had an effect on female aging was analyzed using the constructed aging assessment model. Studies have found that reproduction accelerates the aging process of the female mice, mainly in peripheral blood, heart, cortical and spleen tissues. In this study, an aging evaluation model was constructed for 9 tissues, which could be used to evaluate the accelerated aging effect of various experimental interventions on 9 tissues of female or male C57BL/6 mice. Related Articles | Metrics

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Isolation and genomic sequence analysis of a salt-tolerant strain from West Taijinaier salt lake of Qaidam Basin HU Miaomiao, WEI Qing, CHEN Jiarui, LIU Zihua, YAN Yujie, XU Rong 2025, 42 (3):  29.  doi: 10.3969/j.issn.2095-1736.2025.03.029 Abstract ( 97 )   PDF   Save In this study, sediment samples were collected from the West Taijiner salt Lake in the Qaidam Basin for enrichment, culture, isolation and purification of salt-tolerant microorganisms, and the salt tolerance ability of the strains was tested and whole genome sequence was carried out. Genes and pathways related to salt tolerance in the genome were excavated. A strain of salt-tolerant bacterium was isolated and blasted having 99.79% similarity with Bacillus atrophaeus according to 16S rRNA gene sequence analysis. It was named as Bacillus atrophaeus W-4. The growth curves of W-4 were measured under different NaCl mass concentration gradients to explore its tolerance to NaCl, and the results showed that the strain W-4 could tolerate up to 0.25 kg/L NaCl. It was a moderately halotolerant bacterium. Genome sequence analysis showed that W-4 contained one chromosomal genome with a size of 4284607 bp. According to the annotation analysis of KEGG database, it was found that there were a variety of genes that might be related to NaCl tolerance in the genome of strain W-4, including 5 genes related to Na+ transporter, 7 genes related to K+ transporter, 37 genes associated with compatibility solutes, and 5 genes associated with chaperones. The results indicated that strain W-4 had the potential to adapt to high-salt environment at the genetic level, and this study will provide a theoretical basis for the application of the salt-tolerant strain. Related Articles | Metrics

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Responses of bacterial communities attached to Vallisneria natans and bionic aquatic plant to different aquatic nitrogen conditions SHENG Mengting, YU Jiaming, CHENG Tiehan, CAO Yucheng, ZHOU Xinyan 2025, 42 (3):  36.  doi: 10.3969/j.issn.2095-1736.2025.03.036 Abstract ( 85 )   PDF   Save High-throughput 16S rRNA gene sequencing was used in this study to dissect the bacterial community structure and nitrogen cycling functions in Vallisneria natans and bionic aquatic plant when subjected to three nitrogen forms in water: 2 mg/L NH+4-N, a combination of 1 mg/L NH+4-N and 1 mg/L NO－3-N, and 2 mg/L NO－3-N. The results indicated that V. natans supported the greatest biofilm biomass under NH+4-N exposure. Sole NO－3-N treatment resulted in the highest α diversity within the bacterial community attached to submerged plants, while the co-occurrence of NH+4-N and NO－3-N notably influenced on the community’s β diversity. Pseudomonas, Aeromonas, and Acinetobacter were identified as the dominant bacterial genera, exhibiting distinct responses to the different nitrogen conditions. Furthermore, the modularity of bacterial co-occurrence networks was most pronounced under NH+4-N treatment alone, whereas increased interspecies competition was observed with the combined nitrogen forms. PICRUSt2 function prediction indicated a reduction in the relative abundance of nitrification genes in the V. natans biofilm under NO－3-N treatment. These findings shed light on the impact of various nitrogen forms on the structures and functions of bacterial community on submerged plants, which is instrumental for the advancement of water purification techniques utilizing submerged vegetation across varying water quality scenarios. Related Articles | Metrics

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Effects of the application of beneficial bacteria on Gynostemma pentaphyllum and its total flavonoids content  LIN Zhikai, LIU Liqing, LIN Lixian, CHEN Fei, LIN Wenzhen, WANG Wenhua 2025, 42 (3):  43.  doi: 10.3969/j.issn.2095-1736.2025.03.043 Abstract ( 113 )   PDF   Save To analyzed the effects of applyingBacillus proteolyticus, Raoultella ornithinolytica, Burkholderia gladioli, andBacillus siamensison the growth, physiological indicators, and total flavonoid content ofGynostemma pentaphyllumwere investigated in this study. The results indicated that the light response curve ofG. pentaphyllumleaves exhibited similarities in trend across different treatments, albeit with certain distinctions in high light response. The plants were subjected to a certain degree of stress due to the bacterial fermentation broth.B. proteolyticusexhibited a positive impact on the promotion of leaf and stem growth. Compared with the control group, the treatment groups demonstrated a significant decrease in POD activity and soluble sugar content. However, there was no significant change in proline content. Additionally, the SOD activity ofG. pentaphyllumtreated withB. proteolyticus, R. ornithinolyticaandB. siamensisexhibited a notable decrease. The total flavonoid content ofG. pentaphyllumtreated withR. ornithinolyticawas highest at 3.85 mg/g, representing a 237.72% increase compared to that of the control. Application ofR. ornithinolyticawas demonstrated to effectively promote the growth and accumulation of total flavonoid content inG. pentaphyllum, yielding optimal effect. This study established a scientific basis for the development of advanced microbial fertilizers and agents to optimize the cultivation yield and enhance the quality ofG. pentaphyllum. Related Articles | Metrics

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Effects of Ligularia virgaurea essential oil on the toxicity and nerve transduction related enzymes of Mythimna separate larvae LI Jing, LIU Jinxia, LI Na, FU Linyun, DING Pin, NIE Yaoyan, WU Jianrong, YANG Cheng 2025, 42 (3):  47.  doi: 10.3969/j.issn.2095-1736.2025.03.047 Abstract ( 79 )   PDF   Save In this paper, the toxicity of Ligularia virgaurea essential oil to armyworm larvae was studied, and the response mechanism of nerve transduction related enzymes in armyworm larvae to the stress of L. virgaurea essential oil was investigated. The indoor toxicity was determined by leaf immersion method. As a result, L. virgaurea essential oil showed strong biological activity with LC50 of 4.584 mg/mL. Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) was used to determine the effect of essential oil on nerve conduction-related enzyme activity in armyworm larvae at different time. The results revealed that essential oil at the mass concentration of LC50 could significantly inhibit the activities of acetylcholinesterase and Na+-K+-ATPase. These results assume that L. virgaurea essential oil may be neurotoxic to armyworm larvae, and hence be potential to be developed as a new bio-pesticide. Related Articles | Metrics

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Identification and analysis of the bHLH transcription factor family involved in polysaccharide biosynthesis pathway in Polygonatum cyrtonema WANG Zhiwei, ZHANG Jingjing, SHAN Tingyu, ZHONG Xinxin, FAN Jinshibo, CHENG Hui, WU Jiawen 2025, 42 (3):  51.  doi: 10.3969/j.issn.2095-1736.2025.03.051 Abstract ( 100 )   PDF   Save In order to investigate the regulatory function of thePolygonatum cyrtonemabHLH transcription factor (PcbHLH) in the polysaccharide biosynthesis pathway, transcriptome sequencing was performed for the rhizome, root, leaf, and flower tissues ofP. cyrtonema. Based on transcriptome analysis, 235 PcbHLH transcription factors were identified. Phylogenetic trees were then constructed using their protein sequences and those ofArabidopsis thalianabHLH proteins, dividing the 235 PcbHLHs into 25 subfamilies. 15 PcbHLHs were related to the polysaccharide biosynthesis pathways using KEGG pathway analysis, and subcellular localization analysis indicated that 13 PcbHLHs of which were likely located in the nucleus. Sequence analysis demonstrated that α-helices and random coils were the primary components of their secondary structures. There were two helix-loop-helix (HLH) motifs in their spatial structures. Gene expression profile showed that 9 out of 15 PcbHLHs exhibited the highest expression levels in rhizomes. The study on protein-protein interaction demonstrated that PcbHLHs showed significant interactions with five key enzymes in the polysaccharide biosynthesis pathway, suggesting that PcbHLHs might regulate polysaccharide biosynthesis though these enzymes. This research will provide a theoretical foundation for further exploration for the structure and function of PcbHLHs, and establish an experimental basis for revealing the mechanisms of the polysaccharide biosynthesis pathway regulated by PcbHLH inP. cyrtonema. Related Articles | Metrics

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Three species of exotic Compositae newly recorded in Xinjiang  QU Yuyang, MA Zhancang, SONG Wendan, PAN Chengnan, WEN Tiantian, NAN Zhanyuan, YAN Ping 2025, 42 (3):  59.  doi: 10.3969/j.issn.2095-1736.2025.03.059 Abstract ( 100 )   PDF   Save During the field in 2022－2023, three species of Compositae, which had not been reported in Xinjiang, were discovered, and identified them as newly recorded species and exotic noxious weeds in Xinjiang by morphological classification and literature verification. They wereBidens parvifloraWilld.,Bidens bipinnataL. andSymphyotrichum subulatum(Michx.) G. L. Nesom. In this study, the morphological characteristics, geographic distribution and dispersal characteristics of these newly recorded species in Xinjiang were described. The discovery of the new distribution provided a new basis for the study of Compositae Flora and species diversity and the monitoring and control of exotic harmful weeds in Xinjiang. The voucher specimens are deposited at the Herbarium of Shihezi University (SHI). Related Articles | Metrics

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Localization and function of somatostatin 4 in the development of zebrafish GAO Jing, YUAN Huiming, LIU Lu, NIE Ting, TAN Weibo, CHEN Jie 2025, 42 (3):  63.  doi: 10.3969/j.issn.2095-1736.2025.03.063 Abstract ( 81 )   PDF   Save In order to investigate the distribution and function ofsomatostatin 4 (sst4) gene during zebrafish (Danio rerio) development,sst4gene specifically expressed in the pancreas of zebrafish was identified during 24－96 hpf byin situhybridization (ISH). By espousing the 5 dpf zebrafish larva with different mass concentration of glucose, qPCR analysis showed thatsst4expression levels were significantly reduced with the increase of the exposed glucose concentration. These results suggested an important role ofsst4gene on pancreatic development and differentiation and glucose regulation. Further, by counted the number of α cells producing glucagon and β cells producing insulin, laser confocal scanning results showed that in thesst4mutant, β cell number was significantly increased compared to that in the wildtype fish, while α cell number was no difference between the two genotypes. Blood glucose measurement in adults (120 dpf) showed thatsst4mutants were with lower glucose levels, compared to wildtype. And glucose metabolism related genes,insa,insbandg6pca.1showed a significant decrease, whilegcgbgene showed an increase in thesst4mutant. These results indicated that thesst4gene may involve into blood glucose homeostasis though its function as an inhibitor of β cell proliferation. Related Articles | Metrics

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Histological observation of early gonadal development and evaluation of hormone induced sex reversal in Acrossocheilus fasciatus LI Jiaying, WEI Qianyan, WANG Yongxiang , TU Xiaoxian, ZHANG Yu, LI Jiale, REN Jianfeng 2025, 42 (3):  69.  doi: 10.3969/j.issn.2095-1736.2025.03.069 Abstract ( 88 )   PDF   Save To compare the difference between the male and female individuals of Acrossocheilus fasciatus, the variations of growth traits (body length and body weight) were investigated among a total of 199 16-month-old individuals, and the early gonadal development and the exogenous hormone-induced gonad in A.fasciatus were studied using histological sectioning techniques and the sex differentiation-related genes were quantified. The results showed that there was obvious sexual dimorphism in growth traits, and the average body length of 16-months-old females increased by about 9.6% compared with that of the males, and the average body mass of the females was 33.7% higher than that of the males. The results of histological sections showed that primordial gonad was initially observed at 19 dph and it differentiated into ovary at 48 dph. However, the differentiated testis appeared later than 55 dph. The sex reversal induced by sex hormones with two different concentration (50 mg/kg and 100 mg/kg) lasting for 60 days was performed on 7 dph larvae of A.fasciatus. The results showed that the percentage of the males in the methyltestasterone (MT)-100 group (100 mg/kg) was 82%, which was higher than that in the MT-50 group (50 mg/kg), and the estradiol (E2) treatment group had 100% of the females at both concentrations. In addition, the expression level of the male differentiation-related genes dmrt1 and amh was up-regulated and the expression level of the female differentiation-related genes cyp19a1a and foxl2 was down-regulated in the MT group. While the expression level of cyp19a1a and foxl2 was up-regulated and the expression of dmrt1 and amh was down-regulated in the E2 group. In this study, the time point of ovarian differentiation was identified and a sex reversal program was also established in A.fasciatus, which would provide information and reference data for further research on the mechanism of sex differentiation as well as unisexual breeding in A.fasciatus. Related Articles | Metrics

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The role of zebrafish id4 gene in cardiac development and its construction of transgenic model RUI Yumeng, WANG Hongjie, HE Xiuyan, LYU Wenchao, ZU Yao 2025, 42 (3):  74.  doi: 10.3969/j.issn.2095-1736.2025.03.074 Abstract ( 84 )   PDF   Save To investigate the role of theid4gene in the early heart development in zebrafish, and to explore the potential regulatory relationship between theid4gene and key genes of heart development, this study firstly predicted and analyzed the promoter sequences of theid4gene, constructed theid4promoter vector and carried out the dual luciferase reporter assay (Luciferase). Subsequently, using the Tol2 transposase system, a transgenic zebrafish line was constructed to provide experimental material for further in-depth research. Promoter analysis results showed no methylated CpG islands in the promoter cloning region and multiple transcription factor binding sites were identified. The dual-luciferase reporter gene assay demonstrated that 293T cells transfected with theid4promoter exhibited a 7.3-fold increase in luciferase activity compared with the null control (P<0.0001), suggesting that the clonedid4promoter had a strong expression activity. Additionally, it was found that the key cardiac development genesnkx2.5andgata5significantly activated and inhibited theid4promoter, respectively. Observation of zebrafish embryos injected with Tol2-id4-EGFP and Tol2 transposase revealed fluorescent expression in the zebrafish heart region at 2 and 3 days. Results suggested thatid4gene played a role in early heart development, laying a foundation for further elucidation of its molecular regulatory network and providing a zebrafish model for studying the pathogenesis mechanisms of congenital heart disease. Related Articles | Metrics

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Study on sex identification of birds based on laparoscopic exploration technology YANG Fan, LI Jiachen, LI Xiang, MA Yajun, LU Xiangyu, JIAO Zhihui 2025, 42 (3):  81.  doi: 10.3969/j.issn.2095-1736.2025.03.081 Abstract ( 90 )   PDF   Save To improve and perfect the research method for laparoscopic identification of bird gender within China, this study employed laparoscopic technology, with the laparoscopic lenses inserted into the abdominal air sac via the left cranial side of the pubis, to explore the gonads of pigeons, quails, and chickens, to identify the gonads as testes or ovaries, and to identify the sex of each animal. The results showed that all experimental animals’ gonads could be detected through laparoscopy in a short period of time, and the gender and sexual maturity of each animal could be identified. All animals survived and recovered after surgery. This paper refined and optimized the steps of preoperative examination, immobilization, anesthesia, surgical access establishment, laparoscopic exploration, suturing, and postoperative management, clarifying the surgical process and operation procedures for laparoscopic technology used for bird sex identification. It provided ideas for the application of laparoscopy in more species and broader fields, and also provided a reference for animal protection administration in China. Related Articles | Metrics

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Research progresses in construction of microalgae cell factory YAN Manlin, ZHAO Quanyu 2025, 42 (3):  87.  doi: 10.3969/j.issn.2095-1736.2025.03.087 Abstract ( 104 )   PDF   Save Microalgae cell factories will provide the sustainable solutions for carbon neutrality. In response to some bottleneck issues in the production of high value-added products, environmental remediation, and biofuel synthesis in microalgae cell factories, it is necessary to construct microalgae strains that can grow rapidly, have strong environmental tolerance, and have high content of the target products. The current review systemically introduced the applications of adaptive laboratory evolution, random mutagenesis, genome shuffling, genetic engineering, and genome editing in the construction of microalgae cell factories. Adaptive evolution, mutagenesis, and genome shuffling can obtain the mutants without genetic background. It is possible to make rational construction of microalgae cell factories with the development of synthetic biology technologies such as genome editing. This review analyzed the main problems in the construction of microalgae cell factories and made prospects. Related Articles | Metrics

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The relationship between spider silk and bird nesting WANG Junjie, XU Youle, WANG Hao, CHEN Yaqin, CHEN Pan 2025, 42 (3):  94.  doi: 10.3969/j.issn.2095-1736.2025.03.094 Abstract ( 98 )   PDF   Save This paper reviewed the current status of spider silk application in bird nesting and its ecological significance based on national and international literature. The spider silk the birds used for nest building is mainly small finches, mostly distributed in subtropical and tropical woodlands or thickets. Spider silk can be used as structural nesting material, which has the function of fixing and reinforcing the nests. The reflective properties of white spider silk may have a camouflage effect on the nests of birds, and there is a close link between the breeding habitats of birds that use spider silk and the distribution sites of spiders. It is suggested that future in-depth studies on the interspecific interactions between birds and spiders, the chemical defense of arachnid protein substances against nest parasites, and the ecological roles and significance of arachnid silk in specific bird nests shall be carried out in order to provide new perspectives for a better understanding of the complex nesting behaviours and interspecific relationships of birds. Related Articles | Metrics

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Study on the function and regulation mechanism of Rbohs gene in plants JIANG Xuchun, GONG Jiyi, GENG Xingmin, YI Yin, ZENG Fanyu 2025, 42 (3):  100.  doi: 10.3969/j.issn.2095-1736.2025.03.100 Abstract ( 103 )   PDF   Save The functions of plant Rbohs in mediating ROS to regulate plant growth and development and stress response were summarized. The main cis-acting elements on the promoter of plant Rbohs gene and the active regulatory molecules of RBOHs protein were introduced. The regulation of Rbohs gene expression by cis-acting elements such as stress response elements, hormone response elements and growth and development-related elements on the promoter of Rbohs gene in plants, as well as the regulation of RBOHs protein activity by Ca2+, protein kinase, Rac/Rop protein, extracellular ATP and ABA in recent years were reviewed. It was concluded that Rbohs gene and RBOHs protein jointly regulated the level of ROS in plants. ROS, as a signal molecule, participated in the crosstalk of hormone signal transduction pathways such as ABA, auxin, ethylene, JA and SA in plants, forming a complex and variable signal transduction pathway, in order to provide a basis for further research on the role of Rbohs in plant stress response and growth and development regulation. Related Articles | Metrics

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Preparation of a novel tool enzyme DrICE for fusion tag excision  CHANG Qing, LU Yafei, YANG Zi, LAI Pengfei, ZHAO Ziyao, LI Wenqi 2025, 42 (3):  108.  doi: 10.3969/j.issn.2095-1736.2025.03.108 Abstract ( 103 )   PDF   Save This paper provided a vector construction and expression purification method for DrICE, a novel tool enzyme for fusion tag excision, as well as a method for the construction of expression vectors containing specific cleavage site for this protease. Its application to excision of fusion tags during recombinant protein purification was also demonstrated, suggesting that DrICE can be used as a new tool enzyme specifically for the excision of fusion tags of recombinantly expressed proteins. Related Articles | Metrics

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Practice and exploration of teaching reform in animal biochemistry experiments in agricultural universities LIU Minrui, LIU Xia, QI Xing’e, XU Fuqiang, GAO Yuan, SI Huaijun 2025, 42 (3):  113.  doi: 10.3969/j.issn.2095-1736.2025.03.113 Abstract ( 106 )   PDF   Save Higher agricultural universities continue to deepen educational and teaching reforms, and create a model for cultivating agricultural application-oriented talents. The animal biochemistry experimental course, as one of the main practical skill training courses in agricultural majors, has relatively backward teaching resources and models. It is necessary to carry out experimental course teaching reform to adapt to the requirements of the new era’s development. Therefore, the course team optimizes experimental projects in teaching practice, integrates cutting-edge agricultural and forestry technology and ideological and political elements, promotes interdisciplinary integration, and reforms teaching models and assessment systems. The results showed that the teaching reform and practice of this experimental course have achieved good results. Students’ experimental hands-on ability has significantly improved, their learning enthusiasm has increased, and their mastery of experimental principles and operational skills has significantly increased. The number of awards in the national college student biology competition increases by 1－2 every year, and the number of innovation and entrepreneurship training programs for college students has been increasing year by year (5.13%－17.07%). The teaching reform and practice layed the foundation for cultivating outstanding agricultural talents with compound abilities in the new era, and provided experience and reference for the reform of biological experimental teaching in universities. Related Articles | Metrics

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The project-based teaching practice of “Genetics Course Design” HE Chao, PENG Hui, FANG Zemin 2025, 42 (3):  117.  doi: 10.3969/j.issn.2095-1736.2025.03.117 Abstract ( 110 )   PDF   Save In the teaching practice of “Genetics Course Design”, a project-based teaching reform plan was developed using the “study of the regulatory mechanism of fungal laccase expression” as a simulated project. The main goal is to use scientific problems as a guide, integrate project-based teaching throughout the entire teaching process, and achieve the course design concept of “integrating theory with practice”. Specific measures include optimizing teaching objectives and focusing on students’ substantive learning outcomes; adopting a three-stage integration model of “pre-class, in-class, post-class” for instructional design, emphasizing the implementation of the entire course project process, cultivating students’ research practice ability and problem-solving skills; adopting a “research + teaching” model, introducing the latest research findings, and cultivating students’ advanced learning abilities; realizing the full-process and diversified assessment of course assessment indicators. The results of teaching practice demonstrate that the course design based on project-based teaching significantly enhances students’ initiative and enthusiasm for learning, improves students’ overall quality, and also significantly enhances teaching quality. Related Articles | Metrics

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The teaching practice of human parasitology experiment for international students  YAO Yong, LIU Miao, SHEN Jijia, JI Yongsheng 2025, 42 (3):  122.  doi: 10.3969/j.issn.2095-1736.2025.03.122 Abstract ( 80 )   PDF   Save Human parasitology experiment is a compulsory foundational course for international students in medical colleges. This project takes Anhui Medical University as an example to describe the current teaching status of “Human Parasitology Experiment” for international students in medical colleges and analyze the problems existing in the teaching process. In recent years, Anhui Medical University has carried out comprehensive improvement and reform of the “Human Parasitology Experiment” for international students, which has improved the teaching level of teachers, enhanced the learning interest of international students, and achieved good teaching results. This project explored the offline course construction path of “Human Parasitology Experiment” for international students, to further optimize and improve it. Related Articles | Metrics

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Exploration of diverse online-offline teaching methods in the developmental biology course CHENG Ying, ZHANG Guoqiang, ZHANG Beibei, XU Shengyun, MAO Kexin 2025, 42 (3):  126.  doi: 10.3969/j.issn.2095-1736.2025.03.126 Abstract ( 118 )   PDF   Save This paper addressed the primary challenges in the current teaching of developmental biology courses and explored methods such as blended online and offline teaching, new media-assisted teaching, and the integration of theory and practice. It also reformed the methods of teaching assessment and evaluation, effectively stimulating students’ enthusiasm and initiative for learning, enhancing their innovation awareness and abilities, and improving teaching outcomes. This study provided a foundation for the reform of teaching methods in developmental biology and related courses. Related Articles | Metrics