Table of Content

18 February 2020, Volume 37 Issue 1 Previous Issue    Next Issue

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Constructing microbial cell factory with thermo-tolerant yeast Kluyveromyces marxianus WANG Dong-mei, HONG Jiong 2020, 37 (1):  1.  doi: 10.3969/j.issn.2095-1736.2020.01.001 Abstract ( 538 )   PDF   Save Kluyveromyces marxianus is a thermo-tolerant yeast with the fastest growth rate in eukaryote and with a wide carbon spectrum. It is an excellent host for microbial cell factory construction. There were some achievements in the production of inulinase, ethanol, 2-phenylethanol, ethyl acetate etc. by the wild type K. marxianus. The genetic modification system including host strains, gene overexpression and gene deletion methods was constructed to improve the efficiency of microbial cell factories. The genetic engineered K. marxianus can efficiently produce heterogenous protein, ethanol, xylitol, lactic acid, astaxanthin etc. However, the ability of multiple carbon source co-utilization, inhibitor tolerance, high concentration substrate and product tolerance needs to be improved further. Related Articles | Metrics

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Spike detection in epileptic EEG recording based on graph attention deep neural networks CUI Hao-tian, SONG Sen 2020, 37 (1):  11.  doi: 10.3969/j.issn.2095-1736.2020.01.011 Abstract ( 402 )   PDF   Save Spike recognition in scalp EEG recording can contribute greatly to diagnosis process of epilepsy, however, problems exist in reported methods including low specificity and lack of inter-channel information. This study implements a deep neural network based algorithm to achieve automatic detection of spikes in epileptic EEG. The study used clinical scalp EEG records and established a stratified convolutional and graph attention deep neural network model for the first time, which achieved effective feature extraction from inner-channels and inter-channels of the EEG electrodes. The experiment not only found that the classification result reached the state of art 93.55% accuracy and 96.83% specificity. At the same time, it was found that the attention index between different electrode channels had a positive correlation with the discharge frequency of the region - the electrodes with spikes were aggregating and detached from the background electrodes in the graph, which could be used as auxiliary information for focus localization. The above algorithm innovatively utilizes cross channel relations in a data-driven manner, achieves superior accuracy and has promising clinical application prospects. Related Articles | Metrics

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γH2AX， 53BP1 and RAD51 foci analysis for monitoring DNA double-strand breaks WANG Yi-zhao, FAN Li, WANG Hong-xia, YANG Si-lu, CUI Ya-ni, Duan Yi-jun, Duan Jing-jing, REN Lai-feng, SU Wen 2020, 37 (1):  16.  doi: 10.3969/j.issn.2095-1736.2020.01.016 Abstract ( 4556 )   PDF   Save γH2AX, 53BP1 and RAD51 foci are the evaluation markers of DNA double strand breaks (DSBs). Above all, γH2AX foci analysis is the most widely used, but recent studies have found that it is not completely consistent with DSBs damage. This study systematically analyzed the dynamic changes of γH2AX, 53BP1 and RAD51 foci during DNA damage and their reasonable application in DSBs damage assessment. According to the results, γH2AX and 53BP1 foci were highly consistent after cells exposed to ionizing radiation treatment, they both could reflect accurately the dynamic changes of DSBs damages and repairs; while RAD51 foci only appeared in part of damaged cells, which was consistent with its role mainly involved in homologous recombination process. Upon treatment with Camptothecin (CPT), γH2AX presented two types of staining (bright and discrete foci and pan-nuclear phosphorylation), while 53BP1 foci only appeared in cells with bright and discrete γH2AX foci and were highly consistent with γH2AX foci. These results revealed that positive staining of γH2AX alone cannot accurately represent DSBs damage, and the extent of DSBs damage should be comprehensively analyzed by combining with staining of 53BP1. The RAD51 foci analysis only reflect the DSBs damage repair of part cells, mainly homologous recombination repair.  Related Articles | Metrics

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Tissue differential expression and analysis of protein structureand function of mouse CYP2J5 gene BAI Hao, LU Hong-zhao, WANG Ling, WANG Shan-shan, DU Wei-li, ZHANG Tao 2020, 37 (1):  20.  doi: 10.3969/j.issn.2095-1736.2020.01.020 Abstract ( 324 )   PDF   Save This study firstly analyzed the tissue differential expression of CYP2J5 gene by qRT-PCR, and then used bioinformatics tools to predict and analyze the structure and function of mouse CYP2J5. To further explore and verify the biological function and its effects on lipid metabolism and sex hormone synthesis, the overexpression vector of CYP2J5 gene was constructed based on genetic engineering technology, and the constructed vector was confirmed by Western blot which can express CYP2J5 gene correctly. Finally, the constructed CYP2J5 overexpression vector was introduced into TM3 cells, and the expression of lipid metabolism and sex hormone synthesis related genes were analyzed by qRT-PCR. The results showed that the gene was highly expressed in the liver and kidney, and it was a soluble cytoplasmic protein. The secondary and tertiary structure of the protein was mainly composed of α-helix and random coil, the signal peptide existed and there was a transmembrane region between the 13th to 35th and 75th to 97th amino acids, whose main functions were involved in biological regulation processes such as cell lipid metabolism and fatty acid metabolism. After overexpression of the gene in TM3 cells, the key genes in the lipid metabolism and sex hormone pathways were significantly altered. The results of this study provid basic data on bioinformatics and molecular biology for the research and development gene function of CYP2J5. Related Articles | Metrics

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ell wall components and mechanical properties in brittle culm mutants of rice WANG Qing-yan, LIU Bin-mei, YANG Yang, YE Ya-feng, REN Yan, WU Yue-jin 2020, 37 (1):  26.  doi: 10.3969/j.issn.2095-1736.2020.01.026 Abstract ( 229 )   PDF   Save Lodging-resistant capacity is vital for maintaining rice productivity. The current study obtained eleven brittle culm mutants via heavy ion irradiation on a rice cultivar ‘Wuyunjing 7’. The effects of stem cell wall components on bending strength and tensile stress of wild type rice and its brittle stem mutants at maturity stage were studied. It aimed to provide some theoretical supports for breeding lodging-resistant rice cultivars. The results showed that the cellulose content in stem cell wall of brittle culm mutants was 4.45%-33.63% lower than that of the wild type. The hemicellulose content in stem cell wall of brittle culm mutants was 19.80%-37.88% greater than that of the wild type. There was a significant positive correlation between stem bending strength and cellulose content (R=0.9342). The correlation coefficients of tensile stress and cellulose content for the first to fourth internodes were R1 =0.8475, R2=0.9212, R3=0.8791, and R4 =0.9203, respectively. There was no significant correlation between tensile stress and the content of hemicellulose and lignin. The findings indicated that the mechanical properties of stem brittleness were mainly decided by cellulose in the stem cell wall. Related Articles | Metrics

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Analysis of codon bias of dxr gene in leguminous plants LI Ling-xuan, CHEN An-qi, HUANG Kai, HAO Bo-xin, ZHOU Jia-yu, LIAO Hai 2020, 37 (1):  30.  doi: 10.3969/j.issn.2095-1736.2020.01.030 Abstract ( 290 )   PDF   Save 1-deoxy-D-xylulose-5-phosphate reductoisomerase (DXR) is one of the key enzymes in EMP pathway, involving in the biosynthesis of terpenoids and anthraquinones. Due to the high content of terpenoids and (or) anthraquinones in leguminous plants, it is significant to study the codon bias of dxr gene in leguminous plants in order to understand the regulatory mechanism and further molecular manipulation of dxr gene in leguminous plants. In this paper, codon bias of dxr genes in leguminous was analyzed by CodonW, CHIPS, CUSP and CAI programs, respectively. Moreover, the reliability of the results was verified by dxr genes in Cassia obtusifolia (Leguminosae). The results showed that the codon bias of dxr gene ending with A or U was stronger in leguminous. Compared with Nicotiana tabacum, Arabidopsis thaliana was more suitable as a model plant to carry out functional characterization of dxr gene from leguminous plants. By comparing the codon bias of dxr genes from leguminous plants with that from E. coli and yeast, we found that the difference between yeast and E.coli was significantly lower, suggesting that yeast expression system is more suitable for the exogenous expression system of dxr genes from leguminous plants. However, if the dxr genes of leguminous could be more efficiently expressed in yeast expression system, the codon of dxr genes still needs to be optimized. Related Articles | Metrics

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Effect of N-carbamylglutamate on cell proliferation and gene expression in pig placenta trophoblast cells WEI Shang-li, MA Wen-qing, BAI Jia-hua, XU Xiao-ling, TIAN Jian-hui, LIU Yan , FENG Tao 2020, 37 (1):  35.  doi: 10.3969/j.issn.2095-1736.2020.01.035 Abstract ( 276 )   PDF   Save tN-carbamylglutamate (NCG) had a positive effect on placental development and function in sow. To reveal the mechanism of NCG regulation on placental function, this research used pig placental trophoblast cells (pTr) as an in vitro model to evaluate the effect of NCG on cell proliferation and related gene expression. The result showed that NCG (1-25 mmol/L) increased pTr cell proliferation 1.2 to 1.5 folds (P<0.05), in which 10 mmol/L NCG upregulated CDK4, CCND1, SLC2A, and CAT gene expressions (P<0.05). The result demonstrated that NCG could stimulate pTr cell proliferation through upregulating genes related with cell cycle, glucose transportation and antioxidant stress processes. Related Articles | Metrics

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Place preference to a parent and neuroendocrine responses in preweanling mice MA Xiao-mei, LIU Chao-bao, HE Chen, WANG Jian-li 2020, 37 (1):  39.  doi: 10.3969/j.issn.2095-1736.2020.01.039 Abstract ( 214 )   PDF   Save The close parent-infant bonding before weaning is critical in mammals, which facilitates the emotional attachment between each other. However, the mechanisms on filial emotional attachment towards a parent remain poorly understood. Arginine vasopressin (AVP) and corticosterone (CORT) play important roles in social interaction and social bonding. This study aimed to investigate the potential mechanisms on parent-induced attachment in ICR mice pups through conditioned place preference (CPP) test. We investigated place preference of pre-weanling male pups following four days′ maternal or paternal reinforcing, while the immunoreactive (IR) neurons of hypothalamic AVP and c-Fos were detected by immunohistochemistry staining. In parallel, the levels of serum CORT were detected by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay in mice pups. The pups conditioned with a parent showed place preference for the chamber paired with dam or sire cue with a corresponding increase in c-Fos expression in the paraventricular nucleus of the hypothalamus (PVN) and a decrease in serum CORT levels compare to the pups conditioned with empty chamber (P<0.05), and the pups conditioned with dams displayed higher levels of AVP expression in the PVN (P<0.05). In comparison with the pups conditioned with sires, the pups conditioned with dams showed lower levels of PVN c-Fos expression (P<0.05) and serum CORT concentration (P<0.05). There were not significant differences in c-Fos-and AVP-IR expression in the supraoptic nucleus of the hypothalamus (SON)(P>0.05). These results indicate the pre-weanling pups display place preference when conditioning with mothers or fathers. The neuronal activation and AVP release in the PVN and alterations of serum CORT may contribute to a parent induced-preference, and there were some differences with respect to the neuroendocrine activities of pups between maternal and paternal conditioning. Related Articles | Metrics

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Analysis of intestinal flora in infants with different delivery modes in Beijing #br# AN Yun-he, AN Tao, WU Hui-juan, CHENG Xiao-yan, MA Kai, CHEN Er-ning, GAO Li-juan 2020, 37 (1):  45.  doi: 10.3969/j.issn.2095-1736.2020.01.045 Abstract ( 223 )   PDF   Save Intestinal microflora plays an important role in the whole life of human beings and the colonization of intestinal microflora in infants is critical for the formation of intestinal flora, which will affect their future growth, development and health. The purpose of this study is to explore the composition changes of intestinal microflora caused by delivery mode and its effects on the growth and development of 0-3 years old infants. In this study, 258 cases of intestinal fecal samples from healthy infants of 0-3 years old in Beijing were collected, including 97 caesarean section samples and 161 natural childbirth samples. The results by high-throughput sequencing technology showed that the relative abundance of some bacteria changed significantly. Compared with cesarean section group, the relative abundance of Actinobacteria (dominant bacteria, 13.92% VS 16.86%) and Acidobacteria (inferior bacteria, 0% VS 0.002 04%) in the intestine of natural childbirth infants increased significantly (P <0.05); and the relative abundance of Firmicutes (dominant bacteria, 67.17% VS 61.16%) and Tenericutes (inferior bacteria, 0.074% VS 0.051%) decreased significantly (P<0.05). At the genera level, the content of Bifidobacterium (13.01% VS 15.74%) in the dominant bacteria increased significantly in the intestinal feces of the natural childbearing infants, while Clostridium (2.25% VS 1.53%) decreased significantly.  Related Articles | Metrics

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Analysis on bacterial diversity in Nansha deep-sea sediments SU Jie, MING Hong-xia, CHEN Quan-rui, ZHANG Chun-xin, GUAN Dao-ming, FAN Jing-feng 2020, 37 (1):  50.  doi: 10.3969/j.issn.2095-1736.2020.01.050 Abstract ( 263 )   PDF   Save To study bacterial diversity in Nansha deep-sea sediments, a total of 565 clones from three Nansha deep-sea sediments were sequenced using 16S ribosomal DNA (rDNA) clone library method. The results showed that the bacterial communities from three deep-sea sites covered 10 phyla: Proteobacteria, Planctomycetes, Actinobacteria, Nitrospira, Chloroflexi, Acidobacteria, Spirochaetes, Bacteroidetes, Verrucomicrobia and Firmicutes. The predominant group in these three deep-sea sediments included Proteobacteria, Planctomycetes and Actinobacteria, which was different from the dominant group in land and marine microbiology. The above results suggested that microbial diversity of Nansha marine sediments was rich. Related Articles | Metrics

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Identification and effect of tomato root exudates induced by antagonistic bacterium YOU Wei, ZHAN Hong-bin, JIN Zhao-xia 2020, 37 (1):  54.  doi: 10.3969/j.issn.2095-1736.2020.01.054 Abstract ( 320 )   PDF   Save Microbial control of soil-borne diseases is currently the most effective means of environmental protection. In this paper, GC-MS and bioassay were used to detect the growth rate, disease index, root exudates, and the effects of relative content and antioxidant enzyme activity of tomato plants induced by Pseudomonas choloeaphtis and Bacillus pumilus were studied. The results showed that two antagonists could directly inhibit the growth of Botrytis cinerea, and the induction of the two antagonists did not affect the growth rate of tomato plants, and its antioxidant enzyme activity was reduced. GC-MS detected nearly 30 root exudates. The contents of 2-keto-D-gluconic acid, 2-hydroxypropionic acid, malic acid, octadecanoic acid, linoleic acid, dodecanoic acid, terephthalic acid, methyl palmitate and ortho-benzene in the Pseudomonas choloeaphtis processing group and Bacillus pumilus processing group were significantly increased. In a comprehensive way, Pseudomonas choloeaphtis and Bacillus pumilus can not only directly inhibit the growth of limestone bacteria, when the role of tomato plants also have the role of inhibiting the pathogenesis of Botrytis cinerea, and can participate in the plant's own metabolism, and to protect the antioxidant enzyme activity of the plant itself and change the species and content of the secondary metabolites of plants to achieve the effect of disease resistance, effectively reduce oxidative damage in vivo. Related Articles | Metrics

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Food composition of medium sized carnivores in Beijing Songshan Nature Reserve FAN Ya-qian, YANG Jing, ZHANG Hong-liang, JIANG Jian, JIANG Wan-jie, TANG Shu-pei, BAO Wei-dong 2020, 37 (1):  59.  doi: 10.3969/j.issn.2095-1736.2020.01.059 Abstract ( 357 )   PDF   Save Understanding food competition relationship of predators in the sympatric range is an important basis for clarifying population development trends and ecosystem structural and functional stability. In 2017, 101 fecal samples of three carnivore species were collected by line transect and food content frequency analysis method was used to compare the food composition of Asian badger (Meles leuculus), raccoon dogs (Nyctereutes procyonoides) and leopard cat (Prionailurus bengalensis) at Beijing Songshan National Nature Reserve. The results showed that the food ingredients of these carnivores were dominated by small mammals, the occurrence frequency of rodents was 56.7%, followed by birds with a frequency of 12.7%. Asian badger preferred to eat field mouse (38.9%) and microtus voles (16.7%). In many cases, raccoon dogs and leopard cats had similar food composition, but leopard cats took more bird prey (25.7%). When comparing the food niche overlap and niche breadth of the three predators, the competition in general prey components between species was obvious, but the separation was appeared on the main prey. The coexistence and competition relationship of the three sympatric predators were discussed. Related Articles | Metrics

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Metabonomics analysis of Siraitia grosvenorii under infection of Meloidogyne incognita LI Lu-lu, WEI Wen-qiong, CHENG Ying, LI Jia-hui, LI Hui-min 2020, 37 (1):  63.  doi: 10.3969/j.issn.2095-1736.2020.01.063 Abstract ( 241 )   PDF   Save Siraitia grosvenii is a special economic crop in Guangxi Autonomous Region and its main varieties are susceptible to root-knot nematodes， but the change of metabolites of Siraitia grosvenorii infected by M. incognita in the early stage was poorly understood. In this study, non-target analysis based on liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry was used to analyze the metabolic profile of the roots of Siraitia grosvenii seedlings infected by M. incognita. Principal component analysis and orthogonal partial least-squares discrimination analysis were also carried out for pattern recognition. The result showed that a clear separation was achieved between the control and treated with M. incognita at 7 days post-inoculate. Statistical significance was assessed with a t-test and a 2-fold change and 16 metabolites in root extracts of Siraitia grosvenii changed significantly in the level P<0.05. These metabolites were mainly related to glucose metabolism, lipid and amino acid metabolism. The result here can provide insight into interaction between Siraitia grosvenii and M.incognita in early phase. Related Articles | Metrics

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Effects of microbial fertilizer on growth, quality and soil  physicochemical properties of Zang Qing No.2000 PAN Hu, LIU Qing-hai , TIAN Yun, DA Wa-zhuoma, ZHANG Tang-wei, LU Xiang-yang, BAI Jun-ping 2020, 37 (1):  67.  doi: 10.3969/j.issn.2095-1736.2020.01.067 Abstract ( 125 )   PDF   Save In order to determine the effects of microbial fertilizer on the growth, quality and soil physicochemical properties of Zang Qing No.2000, eight growth indicators, nine quality indicators and eight soil physicochemical properties indicators of Highland Barley were analyzed among five different fertilization treatments. The results showed that Highland Barley of LSW4 treatment had a rapid growth, its yield could reach 2467.52 kg/hm2, which was 39.76% higher than the yield of LSW2 treatment. Crude protein, crude starch and crude fiber in Zang Qing No.2000 had no significant difference among five different fertilization treatments. However, the contents of calcium, iron, magnesium, manganese, zinc and copper of the LSW4 treatment were higher than other treatments. The LSW4 treatment could improve the absorption and utilization of soil nitrogen and phosphorus compared to other treatments, but the differences in the absorption and utilization of potassium among five different fertilization treatments were negative. It was concluded that the co-application of microbial fertilizer and inorganic fertilizer has a remarkable effect on the improvement of actual production of Zang Qing No.2000. Related Articles | Metrics

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The copper ion biosorption of a wild macrofungi with copper resistance ZHENG Ai-fang, WU Gan-lin, LI Wei-juan, ZHANG Gui-feng 2020, 37 (1):  72.  doi: 10.3969/j.issn.2095-1736.2020.01.072 Abstract ( 302 )   PDF   Save A macrofungi strain LGBS with high copper resistance was screened by plate method.The species was identified by ITS sequencing analysis. Some factors were studied to analyze the biosorption effects, such as dosages of mycelial pellet, pH, temperature, revolutions per minute( r/min), adsroption time and initial Cu2+ concentrations. The results showed that the ITS sequence of the strain LGBS had a high similarity to Irpex lacteus. It was able to grow on the PDA plates with the initial Cu2+ concentrations under 600 mg/L. The adsorption quantity had a decreasing tendency when the dosages of mycelial pellet was increased. The dosages of mycelial pellet was increased from 0.5 to 2.5 g/L, adsorption quantity decreased from 8.33 to 3.40 mg/g, adsorption rate rised from 20.8% to 42.5%. When pH was 4, the strain had the highest adsorption quantity, and at 15℃, it had the best performance of adsorption; the adsorption quantity decreased slightly as temperatures rose; but if the temperature continued to rise, it had little influence on the adsorption quantity. Under 50 r/min, it had a good adsorption property. The adsorption quantity of Cu2+ increased from 3.87 to 17.21 mg /L with the increasing initial Cu2+ concentrations from 20 to 80 mg /L. The best adsroption time was 60 min, and extending the adsroption time could not enhance the adsorption quantity. The study indicated that Irpex lacteus LGBS has high adsorbability on Cu2+, having bright prospects in future research and application. Related Articles | Metrics

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Recent advances on biological modification of lipase YE Chun, WANG Yu-juan 2020, 37 (1):  77.  doi: 10.3969/j.issn.2095-1736.2020.01.077 Abstract ( 338 )   PDF   Save tLipases has broad applications in food, paper, energy, biomedicine and other industrial fields, due to their advantages of high efficiency, environmental protection and substrate specificity. Most natural lipases fail to meet the actual industrial needs, such as low cost, strong organic solvent tolerance, temperature tolerance, therefore, the application of economic lipases for large-scale industrial production is still limited. The continuous progresses in genetic engineering and protein engineering technologies make it possible to modify and develop novel lipases suitable for industrial applications. In this paper, we reviewed the basic information of molecular structure and catalytic mechanism of lipases, and the recent progresses in lipase biological modification, especially the new technologies. The development trend of lipase biological modification was also prospected. Related Articles | Metrics

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Research progress on the isolation and purification of mammalian DNA polymerase δ YANG Yu-long, ZHOU Ya-jing 2020, 37 (1):  81.  doi: 10.3969/j.issn.2095-1736.2020.01.081 Abstract ( 353 )   PDF   Save Mammalian DNA polymerase δ (Pol δ) is a tightly associated heterotetrameric complex, consisting of the p125, p50, p68 and p12 subunits, which plays a crucial role in DNA replication and various DNA repair processes. Pol δ possesses both polymerase and 3′-5′ exonuclease activities. Since the isolation of Pol δ from rabbit bone marrow cytoplasm for the first time in 1976, the Pol δ enzyme complex has been isolated and purified from calf thymus and various mammalian cells, but the purification process is extremely cumbersome and the yield is low. It is difficult to obtain a biologically active Pol δ multi-subunit complex, which seriously hinders our study for the enzymatic properties of mammalian Pol δ. With the development of the insect-baculovirus expression system, the recombinant eukaryotic Pol δ multi-subunit complex was recently prepared by this system, which greatly facilitated the studies of the enzymatic and biochemical characteristics of the enzyme. This article briefly reviews the research progress of the isolation and purification of mammalian DNA polymerase δ from natural sources and the preparation of recombinant Pol δ multi-subunit complex by baculovirus-based expression system. Related Articles | Metrics

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Review on research and application of microbial induced calcium carbonate precipitation ZHANG Hai-li, XU Pin-pin, LENG Li-jian, YAO Chi, WEN Zhi-you, LIU Shu-hua, ZHOU Wen-guang 2020, 37 (1):  86.  doi: 10.3969/j.issn.2095-1736.2020.01.086 Abstract ( 692 )   PDF   Save Biodeposition on rock surface is a natural phenomenon. This paper reviews the mechanism and application of microbial induced calcium carbonate precipitation (MICP). During the process of MICP, the microorganisms decompose urea to produce CO2-3, further forming calcium carbonate precipitates with the addition of calcium source. As a result, the dispersive particles are coagulated as a whole. The main factors affecting the performance of MICP such as microbial species and concentration, calcium source type, and urease activity were analyzed， and three conclusions were obtained. Firstly, the mechanisms of various microbial mineralization are consistent, but the structure of the precipitate is different. The higher the microbial concentration, the more the precipitates amount is produced. Secondly, the different source of calcium affects the deposition process. Thirdly, urease activity involving the regulation of environmental factors such as pH and temperature is one of the main factors that affect precipitation rate. This paper also summarized the main application fields of MICP, namely preparing cement, solidifying soil, repairing cracks, self-repairing of concrete, alleviating the greenhouse effect, etc. The advantages of microbial cement over traditional cement were also concluded. Related Articles | Metrics

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The strategy for enhancing therapeutic protein yield by gene overexpression in CHO cells ZHOU Qin, HAN Qian-qian, ZHANG Lan-lan, WU Peng-fei, MA Bing-bing, MA Teng-fei, XU Chang-zhi, ZHANG Bu-chang 2020, 37 (1):  92.  doi: 10.3969/j.issn.2095-1736.2020.01.092 Abstract ( 532 )   PDF   Save 中国仓鼠卵巢细胞；细胞工程；基因过表达策略；治疗性蛋白 Related Articles | Metrics

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A modified TLC method for detecting quorum sensing signal  molecules of N-acyl-homoserine lactones in bacteria WANG Yan, ZHANG Shi-Chun, ZHOU Jin 2020, 37 (1):  97.  doi: 10.3969/j.issn.2095-1736.2020.01.097 Abstract ( 290 )   PDF   Save Quorum sensing (QS) is the unique, diverse group behavior phenomenon occurred when the bacterium grows to a certain density and responses mutually, and it is responsible for the gene expression and the regulation．There are three kinds of QS singanls, including AI-1, AI-2 and AI-3. Among them, AI-1, i.e. N-Acyl-homoserine lactones (AHL), is the most well-known QS signals and regulates the expression of many physiological characteristic in Gram negative bacteria．The traditional dection method main depends on thin-layer chromatography (TCL). However, some shortcomings still exist in this classical methods, including uneven pigment, color-spot disperse, and low resolution. So, it is important to set up an optimizatd method for rapid, simple and effective detection of AHLs. In this study, a modified protocol was developed based on the traditional TLC method, including design a preparating-agar plate, modified the operating procedure to combine the TLC with biosensor, and save the X-gal′ usage. The results showed that the new protocal have higher resolution, stronger pigmentation, and better surface mobility. More interestingly, the modified method can bring convenient for the natural samples or mixed samples．This new method is efficient, sensitive, inexpensive and easy to apply for the detection of AHLs and analogue． Related Articles | Metrics

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Exploration and practice on the research-based teaching model in the course of tumor biology YU Bing-yun, YANG Jin-e 2020, 37 (1):  101.  doi: 10.3969/j.issn.2095-1736.2020.01.101 Abstract ( 232 )   PDF   Save The research-based teaching model is based on imparting knowledge, which focuses on fostering the students′ innovative ability, fully stimulating students′ creative potential and emphasizes the student-centered teaching model. In a pilot study performed from 2013 to 2015 undergraduate, a series of measures were adopted to build up the research-based tumor biology teaching model, which included optimization of teaching content, introduction of autonomic learning and discussion, scientific research training and project presentations. Result showed that the students′ research and learning ability had been greatly improved. Related Articles | Metrics

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Combination of information technology and three-dimensional teaching materials for medical cell biology JING Xiao-hong, SHA Bao-yong, FENG Hao, LIU Jie, MI Ya-jing 2020, 37 (1):  104.  doi: 10.3969/j.issn.2095-1736.2020.01.104 Abstract ( 150 )   PDF   Save The teaching materials are very important in the curriculum construction. In combination with the new era of online courses, the construction of three-dimensional teaching materials is imperative. The teaching materials of medical cell biology include paper textbooks and three-dimensional resources, which are mainly PPTs, the micro lessons of the key point of the theoretical course, the micro videoes of the experiment operation, the test question bank and other resources. These resources are linked with quick response codes and inserted in the corresponding positions in the text of the teaching materials, so that students can directly download PPTs and videos of related contents by scanning quick response codes on the basis of reading books. The deep integration of information technology with the construction of medical cell biology teaching materials in the new era is a bold attempt in the construction of curriculum and even teaching materials, and we have achieved certain results. Related Articles | Metrics

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Construction and exploration of biochemistry experiment curriculum SHAO Jing-wei, TANG Feng-xiang, ZHENG Yun-quan, WAN Dong-hua, HUANG Jian-dong 2020, 37 (1):  107.  doi: 10.3969/j.issn.2095-1736.2020.01.107 Abstract ( 284 )   PDF   Save Biochemistry experiment is one of the important professional courses of pharmaceutical engineering. However, in traditional teaching, experimental course is only a supplement of theoretical course, which has problems such as outdated experiment content, single teaching method and insufficient quality teachers. In order to cultivate inter-disciplinary talents adapted to the social development in the 21st century, we tried to reform the biochemistry experimental courses from the aspects of updating the teaching content system, bringing research topics into teaching, improving the evaluation methods, expanding the open experiment, and strengthening the construction of teachers, and achieved certain results. Students made remarkable progress in participating in comprehensive training programs, discipline competitions and innovation and entrepreneurship competitions for college students. Related Articles | Metrics

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Practice of problem-based learning module experiment in  teaching molecular biological experiment ZHOU Bo, XU Qi-jiang 2020, 37 (1):  110.  doi: 10.3969/j.issn.2095-1736.2020.01.110 Abstract ( 240 )   PDF   Save According to the exploration and practice of module experiment in teaching molecular biological experiment in our university, the authors elucidated the current situation of molecular biological experiment teaching, the teaching philosophy and practical application of problem-based learning（PBL）module experiment, the problems encountered and the way to solve, and discussed the necessity and feasibility of carrying out module experiment teaching. During experimental course teaching, experience has been provided to improve the self-designexperiment ability, innovation ability, practical ability and research ability of undergraduate students. Related Articles | Metrics

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Construction of teaching of ecological toxicology experiment featured by "ocean" #br# ZHANG Lai-jun, LI Xiao-mei, CHEN Yong-gan 2020, 37 (1):  113.  doi: 10.3969/j.issn.2095-1736.2020.01.113 Abstract ( 212 )   PDF   Save In order to train innovative personnel in experiment teaching, the paper offers a construction of characteristic teaching mode about ecotoxicology experiment teaching. Benthic polychaete annelida was used as experimental material; multiple experiments were combined into a comprehensive experiment which content was interrelated and continuous. Through this experiment, we learned the influence of pollutants in the environment on animal organism exactly from the individual level, cell level, protein level and DNA level. It improved the comprehensiveness and researched ability of undergraduate experimental teaching, and the teaching effect was good. The purpose of this paper was to provide references for further improving the quality of experimental teaching and cultivating students′ innovative ability. Related Articles | Metrics

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Construction and exploration of the assessment system of massive open online course in plant physiology YU Xu-run, CHEN Gang, LYU Bing, WU Yun-fei, XIONG Fei 2020, 37 (1):  116.  doi: 10.3969/j.issn.2095-1736.2020.01.116 Abstract ( 165 )   PDF   Save The massive open online course, also known as MOOC, is currently one of the most important online learning platforms in China. The assessment system is an important part of MOOC platform, and also a digital method of teaching quality evaluation for online courses. The MOOC teaching team of Plant Physiology attaches great importance to the design and layout of the assessment system in the construction and operation of the course. So, some experience has been accumulated during the construction and operation of the five aspects of the quiz, test, homework, discussion and examination, which effectively guarantees the assessment of students′ online learning. However, there are still some problems and drawbacks in the system, such as the lack of classroom test function, the phenomenon of replicating answers, and the poor interaction effect in the forum. The above problems can be effectively solved by optimizing the organizational form of the test, upgrading the web page code and the mobile terminal APP program, and modifying the replies of the authority of the students in the teacher′s answer area. This study can not only deepen the research on the reform of the MOOC of Plant Physiology, but also provide practical experience for the stable and effective operation of the other MOOC course assessment system. Related Articles | Metrics

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The practice teaching reform in plant taxonomy with smartphone application GUAN Bi-cai, CAI Qi-ying 2020, 37 (1):  119.  doi: 10.3969/j.issn.2095-1736.2020.01.119 Abstract ( 222 )   PDF   Save In order to improve the teaching effect, the traditional field practice mode should be reformed. Applying two App to the plant classification, a reform attempt was made to improve the practice effectiveness. With the student questionnaire and mathematical statistics methods, the study compared the traditional field practice with a new field practice pattern among students from biology major of 2016 grade in Nanchang University. The results showed that the teaching effect of the experimental group excelled that of the control group. The new field practice mode can enhance the students’ confidence and self-learning ability in plant classification. Related Articles | Metrics

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Construction of botany flipped classroom based on project-based teaching GONG Hong-dong 2020, 37 (1):  122.  doi: 10.3969/j.issn.2095-1736.2020.01.122 Abstract ( 264 )   PDF   Save Taking the course of seed germination of botany as an example, how to construction of botany flipped classroom was analyzed and discussed basing on project-based teaching from aspects of the project settings, project implementation, communicating and discussing, project extension, to provide references for improving the teaching quality of botany. Related Articles | Metrics

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The analysis of the teaching practice of the cultivation of Morchella spp.about university-industry cooperation MA Ling-fa, HE Shu-ling, ZHEN Yan-fei 2020, 37 (1):  125.  doi: 10.3969/j.issn.2095-1736.2020.01.125 Abstract ( 231 )   PDF   Save Morchella spp. is a kind of rare edible fungi. and has become favored choices of consumers. This paper showed we reformed teaching of Morchella spp. cultivation with mushroom company. Accoring to this reform, we hope to train the students with much professional expertise and practical experience. We also wish we can train many people with mushroom cultivation experience for local place, to overcome poverty and achieve prosperity in rural area. Related Articles | Metrics

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Teaching reform and practice on ability as standard in botany ZUO Jing-hui, YANG Zai-chao, XIANG Hong, LIAO Wen, XIE Fei 2020, 37 (1):  127.  doi: 10.3969/j.issn.2095-1736.2020.01.127 Abstract ( 253 )   PDF   Save On the basis of analyzing the curriculum and teaching status of Botany in domestic university and the theory of "leading-main body" teaching mode, advanced education thought, teaching theory and teaching mode were introduced by using the organic integration of modern education technology and botany course, which formed botany class teaching mode of the "direct observation-discussion-extraction generalization" and botany field practice teaching mode of the epistemic and investigative "leading-main body". The practice results showed that the teachers′ teaching behavior and the students′ learning mode were transformed through reform. Student basic professional skills were strengthened, meanwhile, keen observation ability, independent analysis ability, finding and solving problem ability and cooperative spirit were cultivated. Related Articles | Metrics