Abstract: Synthetic biology is revolutionizing the biotechnology industry, which is increasingly applied in natural products, medicine, energy, industry, et al. With the promulgation of the “14th Five-Year Plan” for the development of biological economy, the heat of synthetic biology, known as the “third biotechnology revolution”, is rising. Synthetic biology is poised to disrupt many traditional industries with more economical and environmentally friendly features. The industry policies of synthetic biology and the domestic synthetic biology industries in China were reviewed. The synthetic biology focused on the fields of biochemicals, biopharmaceuticals, agriculture, food, medical beauty and cosmetics, and its future development was also prospected.

Key words: synthetic biology, biological industry, bioeconomy, chemicals, biopharmaceuticals