Abstract: To determine the phenotypic diversity of Eothenomys miletus at different distribution areas of Yunnan range in Hengduan mountains, the Eothenomys miletus were collected from Ailaoshan, Lijiang, Jianchuan, Xiangelila and Deqin, respectively，and 24 phenotypic traits, such as body length, tail length and torso length, were chosen as research subjects. Principal component analysis，and cluster analysis were used to analyze these data. The results showed that 24 phenotypic traits were significantly different among the populations, and the variation was high; the interspecific variation was greater than the intraspecific variation, and the interspecific variation was the main factor of phenotypic variation. The average phenotypic differentiation coefficient (VST) between species was 87.54%, and the differentiation level was relatively large. The average coefficient of variation (CV) of phenotypic traits was 4.80% (1.99%-8.66%). Principal component analysis showed that DQ and XGLL populations were clustered together and using Euclidean distance for systematic cluster analysis, the populations divided into five groups, belonging to two major categories. Above all, the results indicated that the phenotypic traits of the Eothenomys miletus in different areas of Yunnan range in Hengduan mountains are geographically different, which may be related to the adaptation of animals to the environment.

Key words: Hengduan mountains, Eothenomys miletus, phenotypic differentiation coefficient