Abstract: The article reviews the theoretical and practical innovations of marine biotechnology in China over the past 30 years, from the perspective of the cutting across development of China’s “blue seed industry”. It also analyses the international development trends and the urgent needs for the sustainable and healthy development of China’s mariculture industry, and concludes that regionally responsive precision breeding for global changes is the direction of marine biotechnology for “blue agriculture” in the coming decade.

Key words: marine biotechnology, seed industry, mariculture, blue agriculture