生物学杂志

生物学杂志 ›› 2020, Vol. 37 ›› Issue (3): 76-.doi: 10.3969/j.issn.2095-1736.2020.03.076

• 研究报告 • 上一篇    下一篇

铜陵矿区植物重金属富集行为及健康风险评估

  

  1. 1. 安徽大学 资源与环境工程学院， 合肥 230601； 2. 贵州科学院， 贵阳 550001
  • 出版日期:2020-06-18 发布日期:2020-06-10
  • 通讯作者: 刘丙祥，博士, 讲师，研究方向为环境生物地球化学，E-mail：liubx@ustc.edu.cn
  • 作者简介:王娟，硕士，研究方向为环境生物地球化学，E-mail：1432758704@qq.com
  • 基金资助:
    国家自然科学基金资助项目（No. 21607001和41172121）; 安徽省自然科学基金资助项目（No. 1808085MD104）; 中国博士后科学基金资助项目（No. 2017M622020）

Enrichment of heavy metals and health risk assessment of plants in Tongling mining area

  1. 1. School of Resources and Environmental Engineering, Anhui University, Hefei 230601;2. Guizhou Academy of Sciences, Guiyang 550001, China
  • Online:2020-06-18 Published:2020-06-10

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摘要： 选择安徽铜陵某矿区附近27份根际土壤，14株主要农作物，包括水稻（Oryza sativa）和玉米（Zea mays L.）、10株菜园蔬菜，包括茄子（Solanum melongena L.）、辣椒（Capsicum annuum L.）、豆角（Vigna unguiculata）以及8株药用植物凤丹（Paeonia ostii）为研究对象，分析了5种重金属（Cu、Zn、Cd、Pb、Cr）在土壤-植物系统中的富集转移特征，评估其健康风险。结果表明：矿业活动已造成矿区周边根际土壤5种重金属元素发生不同程度的富集。Cu、Zn、Cd、Pb污染严重，污染程度从大到小为Cd＞Cu＞Zn＞Pb＞Cr。矿区植物果实组织中重金属的积累量较低，辣椒的重金属富集能力最弱。土壤中Cr和Cd迁移能力最强，易被植物吸收富集；植物重金属含量、日估计摄入量（EDI）及标靶危害系数（THQ）表明，水稻主要富集Cr、Cd和Pb，玉米、蔬菜与凤丹主要富集Cr，均存在较高的食用健康风险。

关键词: 矿区, 植物, 重金属, 富集行为, 健康风险

Abstract: Twenty-seven rhizospheric soils, 14 main crops, including rice (Oryza sativa) and maize (Zea mays L.), 10 garden vegetables, including eggplant (Solanum melongena L.), chili (Capsicum annuum L.) and greenbean (Vigna unguiculata), and 8 medicinal plant Fengdan (Paeonia ostii), were collected in Tongling mining area. The aim was to analyze five heavy metals (Cu, Zn, Cd, Pb and Cr) enrichment and transport characteristics and to assess their health risks. The results showed that the mining activities had caused the enrichment of 5 metal elements in rhizospheric soils. Cu, Zn, Cd and Pb were seriously polluted. The pollution degrees showed the trend of Cd＞Cu＞Zn＞Pb＞Cr. The accumulation of heavy metals in the fruits of the investigated plants and chili in the vegetables was the lowest. Cr and Cd had strong migration ability and were easily absorbed and accumulated by plants. Heavy metal contents, daily estimated intake (EDI) and target hazard quotient (THQ) jointly indicated that Cr, Cd and Pb were mainly enriched in rice; Cr, Cd and Pb were mainly accumulated in maize, vegetables and Fengdan. These elements were all of great health risks to local populations.

Key words: mining area, plant, heavy metals, enrichment behavior, health risk

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