Abstract: This study analyzed the existing literature, reviews conducts ecological cognition and evaluation on the development of rubber plantations in China, and refered to the classification method of ecosystem services proposed by the Millennium Ecosystem Assessment Framework working group. Combined with the actual development of natural rubber industry in China, the research progress in the ecological function of rubber plantation was summarized and analyzed. It was concluded that rubber plantation has the function of ecosystem service, and it can bring benefits to human and environment for a long time. And the research direction in future was discussed.

Key words: rubber plantation, ecological function, ecological restoration, ecological compensation, multifunctional and environment-friendly ecological rubber plantation