Abstract: Based on analysis of growth index, the reproduction rate, the protein content of the body and the utility of the earthworm casts, the breeding effects of earthworms culturing by fermentation of food-waste and mushroom-residue were evaluated in this study. Compared with groups feeding on cow dung, the efficiency of weight gain, the protein content of the body and the utility of earthworm casts were higher those in the group feeding on fermentations mixed with equal proportions of food-waste and mushroom-residue. However, the reproduction rate of earthworms was lower in the latter group than in the former. The results indicated that the fermentation of food-waste and mushroom-residue can be used as an organic fertilizer.