Abstract: As a new kind of biological resources, magnetotactic bacteriuma has become one of the hotspots in microbial research. It has important theoretical basis and practical application value in many disciplines such as biology, ecology and geology. With the continuous progress of science and technology, it has been applied in many fields such as medical care, environmental protection and sewage treatment.This paper mainly introduces the distribution, characteristics, magnetosomes and application range of magnetotactic bacteria, and prospects the study of magnetotactic bacteria ecology.

Key words: magnetotactic bacteria, magnetosome, research progress