Abstract: To improve and perfect the research method for laparoscopic identification of bird gender within China, this study employed laparoscopic technology, with the laparoscopic lenses inserted into the abdominal air sac via the left cranial side of the pubis, to explore the gonads of pigeons, quails, and chickens, to identify the gonads as testes or ovaries, and to identify the sex of each animal. The results showed that all experimental animals’ gonads could be detected through laparoscopy in a short period of time, and the gender and sexual maturity of each animal could be identified. All animals survived and recovered after surgery. This paper refined and optimized the steps of preoperative examination, immobilization, anesthesia, surgical access establishment, laparoscopic exploration, suturing, and postoperative management, clarifying the surgical process and operation procedures for laparoscopic technology used for bird sex identification. It provided ideas for the application of laparoscopy in more species and broader fields, and also provided a reference for animal protection administration in China.

Key words: laparoscopy, birds, sex identification, sexual maturity identification, abdominal exploration