Abstract:  The woolly horseshoe bat (Rhinolophus luctus), a large Rhinolophidae species, is vast unknown in its acoustic information, because of its smaller population. Echolocation and aggressive calls of a male R. luctus (Forearm 69.24 mm, Weight 13.1 g), which was captured in an artificial tunnel in Beiwan Village (N33°22′， E111°55′), Qiliping Country, Neixiang Town, Henan Province in May 2016, were recorded by ultrasound recorder (Sound Gate 116, Avisoft Bioacoustics, Germany), and analyzed by Avisoft-SASLab Pro version 5.1. The peak frequency of echolocation calls is about 31.8 kHz. Its aggressive calls contain two simple syllables (BNBl, bUFM) and one composite syllable (NB-UFM), forming 6 types of phrases. The phrases, in general, begin with BNBl syllable, and end with NB-UFM or bUFM syllable; BNBl or NB-UFM syllable will occur as middle syllables in the longer phrases. Most of these phrases, only consisting with 2, 3, or 4 syllables, indicating that shorter phrases could save energy. The aggressive calls of R. luctus also conform to accord the Morton motivation-structural rules. This work supports basic data for the further research in the acoustic communication of R. luctus.

Key words: Chiroptera (bats), Rhinolophus luctus, aggressive calls, motivation-structural rules