Abstract: This paper selects 10 typical counties from south and north of Huaihe river in Anhui province as the research object, adopts the technical provisions of rural environmental quality comprehensive evaluation ( trial ) as the basis of evaluation, comprehensive evaluation of the ecological status and environmental status of the county. By comprehensive comparison of the environmental quality of counties in southern Anhui and northern Anhui, the main reasons of the environmental differences in south and north are analyzed.

Key words: Rural environment, North-south differences, Comprehensive evaluation on environmental quality