Abstract: Adversity stress is one of the important factors restricting plants′ growth and development, and exploring the molecular mechanism of plants′ response to adversity stress is an important subject for a long time. With the completion of the sequencing of model plant genome, botany research has also entered the functional genomics era. As an important aspect and new field of study on functional genomics, transcriptomics benefits human beings from understanding the response mechanism of plants to environmental stresses at transcriptional level. This study introduced the application of transcriptome in a series of abiotic stress like plants′ response to drought, temperature, salt, heavy metal as well as a series of biological stress such as pathogen violations, and then evaluated the advantages and limitations of transcriptome technology in plant resistance.

Key words: abiotic stress, biotic stress, transcriptome, DEGs（differentially expressed genes）