Abstract: This article focused on the research progress on intracellular and extracellular mineralization of acidophilic iron-oxidizing bacteria. It summarized the properties of intracellular mineralization products of acidophilic iron-oxidizing bacteria and factors affecting the synthesis of mineralized products, and sorted the synthesis mechanism of magnetic nanoparticles at this stage. The synthesis principles and influencing factors of extracellular mineralization products of acidophilic iron-oxidizing bacteria were also summarized. Finally, the application prospects of mineralization products of acidophilic iron-oxidizing bacteria were introduced, and the shortcomings of current research on magnetic nanoparticles were pointed out. Based on the current research status, this article proposed new ideas for relying on molecular biology to analyze intracellular mineralization mechanisms and expand its application scope in the future. It was expected to provide theoretical guidance for further research on intracellular and extracellular mineralization of acidophilic iron-oxidizing bacteria and its applications.

Key words: acidophilic iron-oxidizing bacteria, intracellular mineralization, extracellular mineralization, jarosite, schwertmannite, magnetosome