生物学杂志

Journal of Biology ›› 2023, Vol. 40 ›› Issue (6): 81-.doi: 10.3969/j.issn.2095-1736.2023.06.081

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Morphological and mtDNA diversity of Apis cerana cerana populations from Nature Reserves in Guizhou Province #br#

ZHAO Jinyu1,2, WU Yutao1,2, LONG Jiankun1,2, CHEN Xiangsheng1,3, CHANG Zhimin1,2,3   

  1. 1. Institute of Entomology, Guizhou University, Guiyang 550025, China; 2. Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics,
    Breeding and Reproduction in the Plateau Mountainous Region, Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Animal
    Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction of Guizhou Province, College of Animal Science Guizhou University, Guiyang
    550025, China; 3. Provincial Key Laboratory of Insect Resources Development and Utilization, Guizhou University,
    Guiyang 550025, China
  • Online:2023-12-18 Published:2023-12-18

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Abstract: The purpose of the paper is to investigate the morphology and mtDNA genetic differentiation of Apis cerana cerana population in different nature reserves in Guizhou province, and to provide references for honeybees population differentiation, protection, development, and utilization of germplasm resources in Guizhou province. The samples were collected from 11 representative nature reserves in Guizhou province. Thirty-one morphological indicators were used to conduct cluster analysis, principal component analysis, and variance analysis to study the morphological differentiation. Base composition analysis, haplotype analysis, and phylogenetic analysis were carried out on the mtDNA COⅠ -COⅡ sequence to study the genetic differentiation and genetic diversity of the population. The results showed that the Apis cerana cerana populations from 11 sampling locations of were morphologically clustered into two groups. The average content of A+T in COⅠ -COⅡ sequence was 82% showing obvious base bias. A total of 11 haplotypes were detected in the COⅠ -COⅡ sequence. The haplotype phylogenetic tree showed that 11 haplotypes clustered into 3 groups. The average genetic distances among all samples ranged from 0.0070 to 0.0270, and there was no significant correlation between genetic distances and geographic distances. The populations of Apis cerana cerana in Guizhou nature reserves existed certain differentiation in morphology and mtDNA, and well similarly. Among them, the population differentiation of Caohai and Baili Rhododendron nature reserves was more obvious than that of others, in morphology and mtDNA. Secondly, Kuankuoshui nature reserve, Yezhong nature reserve, and Qingyan Keteleeria davidiana nature reserve had a certain degree of population differentiation by the external influences such as altitude and climate. The research results provided an important basis for the protection and development of the native honeybees germplasm resources in Guizhou province.

Key words: Apis cerana cerana, mtDNA, morphological index, population differentiation

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