Abstract: The mtDNA technology has been widely used in the research of species identification．In this study, a bird residue by birdstrike has been identified by the method of morphological and molecular identification. The result of morphological identification showed this bird was red-rumped swallow (Hirundo daurica). Directly extracted total DNA from the bird residue was sample amplified by PCR with two sets of bird-specific primers. Compared with the nucleotide sequences of Hirundo reported in GenBank, the unknown bird sequences of mtDNA Cytb gene and COⅠ gene were highly homologous (up to 99%) to the barn swallow′s (Hirundo rustica). The phylogenetic tree constructed with Cytb gene and COⅠ gene showed unknown bird and barn swallow strains into the same clade. The result of molecular identification showed this unknown bird was barn swallow. The morphological identification had some limitations. It was finally determined that the unknown bird was barn swallow. DNA barcoding using COⅠ or Cytb genes were reaffirmed, what is more, combining these genes were more effective for identification of bird species.

Key words: molecular identification, Cytb gene, COⅠ gene, animal residue