生物学杂志

生物学杂志 ›› 2026, Vol. 43 ›› Issue (2): 32-.doi: 10.3969/j.issn.2095-1736.2026.02.032

• 研究报告 • 上一篇    下一篇

野生型希瓦氏菌对多偶氮染料废水的生物脱色机制研究

刘　璇1， 杨星宇1， 姚　璇1， 朱　玲2， 艾开颜2， 武　超2   

  1. 1. 安徽大学 物质科学与信息技术研究院， 合肥 230601；
    2. 安徽大学 资源与环境工程学院， 合肥 230000
  • 出版日期:2026-04-18 发布日期:2026-04-23
  • 通讯作者: 武超，博士，教授，研究方向为污染控制与资源化，E-mail：wuchao@ahu.edu.cn
  • 作者简介:刘璇，硕士研究生，研究方向为环境微生物，E-mail：3281007891@qq.com
  • 基金资助:
    国家自然科学基金项目(52470171， 52170015)； 安徽省高校协同创新计划项目(GXXT-2021-040)

Study on the biological decolorization mechanism of wild-type Shewanella oneidensis MR-1 in polyazo dye wastewater

LIU Xuan1, YANG Xingyu1, YAO Xuan1, ZHU Ling2, AI Kaiyan2, WU Chao2   

  1. 1. Institutes of Physical Science and Information Technology, Anhui University, Hefei 230601, China;
    2. College of Resources and Environmental Engineering, Anhui University, Hefei 230000, China
  • Online:2026-04-18 Published:2026-04-23

摘要： 本研究针对三偶氮染料污染问题，以野生型希瓦氏菌（Shewanella oneidensisMR-1）为模式菌株，研究在厌氧条件下对直接黑168的还原脱色能力，并优化其降解条件。结果显示，以乳酸钠为电子供体，在温度为30 ℃、接菌量为5×107CFU/mL时，染料脱色率达96%。MR-1通过Mtr途径对含磺酸基团的极性多偶氮染料进行胞外还原脱色，基因敲除菌株均抑制染料降解；电子递质促进染料的脱色，在2 h内，1 μmol/L核黄素的添加使脱色效率由33.1%提升至70.2%；电子受体与染料竞争电子，抑制染料的还原，额外添加20 mmol/L NaNO3和DMSO后，脱色率下降至49.5%和6.6%。通过FTIR和LC-MS分析，推测染料分子优先断裂两侧偶氮键，生成易被氧化的苯胺和3,4-二氨基苯酚。本研究为希瓦氏菌在生物修复中的应用提供了理论依据。

关键词: 三偶氮染料, 野生型希瓦氏菌, 生物降解, 动力学拟合, 降解途径

Abstract: To address the environmental pollution caused by azo dyes,Shewanella oneidensisMR-1 was selected as the model organism to study its capacity to reduce and decolorize the polyazo dye Direct Black 168 under anaerobic conditions, and to optimize degradation conditions. The results showed that the dye decolorization rate reached 96% when sodium lactate was used as the electron donor, with an incubation temperature of 30 ℃ and an initial inoculum of 5×107CFU/mL. Wild-typeS. oneidensisdecolorized polar polyazo dyes containing sulfonic acid groups via the Mtr pathway, whereas gene knockout strains exhibited inhibited dye degradation. Electron transporters enhanced dye decolorization. Within 2 h, the addition of 1 μmol/L riboflavin increased the decolorization efficiency from 33.1% to 70.2%. Electron acceptors competed with the DB168 for electrons, thereby inhibiting dye reduction. The addition of 20 mmol/L NaNO3and DMSO reduced decolorization rates to 49.5% and 6.6%, respectively. Through FTIR and LC-MS analysis, it was speculated that the dye molecule preferentially cleaved the azo bonds on both sides to generate aniline and 3,4-diaminophenol, both of which were readily oxidized. This study provides a theoretical basis for the application ofS. oneidensisin bioremediation.

Key words: azo dyes, Shewanella oneidensisMR-1, biodegradation, kinetic fitting, degradation pathway

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