生物学杂志

生物学杂志 ›› 2026, Vol. 43 ›› Issue (2): 39-.doi: 10.3969/j.issn.2095-1736.2026.02.039

• 研究报告 • 上一篇    下一篇

青藏高原纳木错春季水体真菌群落组成与多样性研究

郑艳艳1,2， 贺　凯3， 王　兰1， 郭小芳1， 德　吉1
  

  1. 1. 西藏大学 生态环境学院， 拉萨 850000； 2. 西藏自治区高原生物研究所， 拉萨 850000；
    3. 西藏自治区农牧科学院水产科学研究所， 拉萨 850000
  • 出版日期:2026-04-18 发布日期:2026-04-23
  • 通讯作者: 德吉，高级实验师，主要从事微生物生态学方面的教学与研究，E-mail：dg971103@163.com
  • 作者简介:郑艳艳，硕士，研究实习员，主要从事微生物生态学研究，E-mail：z13678527614@163.com
  • 基金资助:
    国家自然科学基金项目 (31960024)；2019年中央支持地方高校改革发展基金项目 (藏财预指〔2019〕01号)；2022年度西藏大学人才发展激励计划“青年学者岗位”项目

Study on the composition and diversity of the aquatic fungal in Namtso Lake in spring, Tibetan Plateau

ZHENG Yanyan1,2, HE Kai3, WANG Lan1, GUO Xiaofang1, DE Ji1   

  1. 1. School of Ecology and Environment, Xizang University, Lhasa 850000, China; 2. Institute of Plateau Biology of
    Xizang Autonomous Region, Lhasa 850000, China; 3. Institute of Fisheries Science, Xizang Autonomous Region
    Academy of Agriculture and Animal Husbandry, Lhasa 850000, China
  • Online:2026-04-18 Published:2026-04-23

摘要： 利用高通量测序技术探究纳木错春季水体真菌群落结构及其多样性。结果显示，纳木错春季水体20个样点共获得5791个OTUs，经注释划分为17门65纲168目403科869属，子囊菌（Ascomycota）、担子菌（Basidiomycota）、被孢霉（Mortierellomycota）为主要真菌群落。α多样性指数显示，20个样点Shannon多样性指数和Simpson多样性指数的范围分别为2.01~7.10、0.39~0.98，Chao1丰富度指数和ACE丰富度指数的范围分别为672.51~1915.64、714.59~1920.35。PCoA和UPGMA聚类分析显示，纳木错春季20个样点大致聚集为4类，其中，西南区和西北区水体真菌群落结构较为相似。CCA结果表明，TDS、TP与浊度为显著影响纳木错春季水体真菌群落结构的理化指标（P<0.05）。研究探讨了纳木错水环境中真菌的群落结构、多样性及其对理化指标的响应，以期为青藏高原湖泊水体中真菌资源的开发利用和湖泊生态系统的保护提供一定理论依据。

关键词: 真菌, 群落结构, 多样性, 理化指标, 纳木错

Abstract: This study investigated the fungal community structure and diversity in Namtso Lake during spring using high-throughput sequencing technology. The results showed that a total of 5791 OTUs were obtained from 20 sampling sites, which were classified into 17 phyla, 65 classes, 168 orders, 403 families and 869 genera by annotation. The dominant fungal communities were Ascomycota, Basidiomycota, and Mortierellaomycota. The α-diversity indices showed that the Shannon and Simpson diversity indices across the 20 sampling sites ranged from 2.01 to 7.10 and 0.39 to 0.98, respectively, while the Chao1 and ACE richness indices ranged from 672.51 to 1915.64 and 714.59 to 1920.35, respectively. PCoA and UPGMA cluster analyses indicated that the 20 sampling sites were grouped into four clusters, with the fungal community structures in the southwestern and northwestern regions exhibiting higher similarity. CCA results demonstrated that total dissolved solids (TDS), total phosphorus (TP), and turbidity were the key physicochemical factors significantly affecting the fungal community structure (P<0.05). The study explored the fungal community composition, diversity and their response to aquatic physicochemical factors in Namtso Lake, which provided a theoretical foundation for the utilization of fungal resources in lake and the protection of lake ecosystems in the Tibetan Plateau.

Key words: fungi, community structure, diversity, environmental factors, Namtso Lake

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