生物学杂志

生物学杂志 ›› 2025, Vol. 42 ›› Issue (5): 17-.doi: 10.3969/j.issn.2095-1736.2025.05.017

• 合成生物学专题 • 上一篇    下一篇

微生物降解尼古丁技术：从代谢改造到产业应用

黄晓珍1， 王　祯2， 杨红静2， 沈来伟1， 张　勇1， 张建栋2， 杨广宇1   

  1. 1. 上海交通大学 生命科学技术学院， 上海 200240；
    2. 甘肃烟草工业有限责任公司 技术研发中心， 兰州 730050
  • 出版日期:2025-10-18 发布日期:2025-10-14
  • 通讯作者: 杨广宇，博士，研究员，研究方向为酶工程与合成生物学，E-mail：yanggy@sjtu.edu.cn；张建栋，工程师，研究方向为烟草工业，E-mail：zhangjiandong@gslzcf.com；杨广宇和张建栋为共同通信作者
  • 作者简介:黄晓珍，博士，研究方向为合成生物学，E-mail：wdhxz1@sjtu.edu.cn
  • 基金资助:
    甘肃烟草工业有限责任公司-上海交通大学生命科学技术学院“烟草微生物技术联合研究中心”资助项目

Microbial nicotine degradation technology: from metabolic engineering to industrial application

HUANG Xiaozhen1, WANG Zhen2, YANG Hongjing2, SHEN Laiwei1, ZHANG Yong1,ZHANG Jiandong2, YANG Guangyu1   

  1. 1. School of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China;
    2. Technology Center, Gansu Tobacco Industrial Co., Ltd., Lanzhou 730050, China
  • Online:2025-10-18 Published:2025-10-14

摘要： 系统综述基于合成生物学手段改造尼古丁降解微生物及关键酶的策略，并重点阐述改造菌株与酶在烟草废弃物生物修复、高附加值化合物生物合成及烟叶品质改良这三大领域的应用进展。同时指出，技术产业化仍面临工程菌株环境适应性不足、碳源代谢抑制效应显著等瓶颈。未来研究应着力于： 利用合成生物学优化底盘微生物性能；整合多组学技术解析代谢调控网络；探索降解产物的高值化利用途径等方面，以构建“污染物高效处理—资源循环再生”的绿色技术体系。旨在为尼古丁污染治理与资源化利用系统性解决方案提供参考，促进烟草行业可持续发展及生态安全。

关键词: 尼古丁降解, 合成生物学, 烟草废弃物, 高附加值化合物, 烟叶品质改良

Abstract: This review systematically summarized strategies for modifying nicotine-degrading microbial strains and key enzymes using synthetic biology approaches. It highlighted the application progress of engineered strains and enzymes in three key areas: tobacco waste bioremediation, biosynthesis of high-value compounds, and tobacco leaf quality enhancement. The analysis identified significant bottlenecks hindering technological industrialization, including insufficient environmental adaptability of engineered strains and significant carbon catabolite repression. Future research should focus on: optimizing chassis microorganism performance through synthetic biology approaches; elucidating metabolic regulatory networks through integrated multi-omics technologies; and exploring the high-value utilization pathways of degradation products. These efforts aim to establish a green technological system enabling “efficient pollutant treatment-resource recycling and regeneration”. This review aimed to provide a reference for systematic solutions to nicotine pollution control and resource utilization, and to promote sustainable development and ecological security within the tobacco industry.

Key words: line-height:150%, ">nicotine degradation, synthetic biology, tobacco wastes, high-value compounds, tobacco leaf quality enhancement

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