生物学杂志 ›› 2025, Vol. 42 ›› Issue (5): 24-.doi: 10.3969/j.issn.2095-1736.2025.05.024
低蛋白日粮中关键限制性氨基酸的生物合成#br#
低蛋白日粮技术是解决我国畜禽养殖业饲料资源紧缺的一个重要途径，它以氨基酸营养平衡理论为基础，在不影响动物健康生长的前提下降低饲料中的蛋白质含量，并加入适量的必需氨基酸以满足动物生长过程中的氨基酸营养均衡。但一些关键限制性氨基酸化学合成复杂，生产效率偏低，而生物合成氨基酸生产质量更高，成本更低。因此，开发高效率、低成本的氨基酸生物合成技术，成为低蛋白日粮开发与应用的核心。系统地综述了低蛋白日粮模式中几种限制性氨基酸的生物合成途径和改造策略，并指出底盘菌株的选择和代谢工程改造是高产菌株的关键，介绍生物合成氨基酸的优势菌株，为高产菌株改造提供方法和方向。生物合成限制性氨基酸与低蛋白日粮技术结合，能够更好地促进我国畜牧业的健康发展。
- 1. 天津科技大学 生物工程学院， 天津 300457；
2. 工业发酵微生物教育部重点实验室（天津科技大学）， 天津 300457
Bioproduction of key limiting amino acids in low-protein diets
Low-protein diets is one of the important methods to solve the shortage of feed protein resources in China’s livestock and poultry industry. This approach is a low-protein feed pattern that is based on amino acid nutrition balance theory. It adds an appropriate amount of essential amino acids to meet the balanced amino acid nutrition required during the growth process of animals without affecting their healthy growth. However, the chemical synthesis of some limiting amino acids is complex, and the production efficiency is relatively low, while the production of amino acids through biological synthesis is of higher quality and lower cost. It is the core of low-protein diet development and application to develop high-efficiency amino acid biosynthesis technology. In this article, the biosynthetic pathways of several important amino acids in the low-protein diet model were systematically reviewed. This review pointed out that the selection of host strains and metabolic engineering modification was key to high-yield strains. The advantageous strains were introduced for the biosynthesis of amino acids, providing methods and directions for high-yield strain modification. The bioproduction of limiting amino acids in low-protein diet can better promote the healthy development of China’s animal husbandry industry.
- 1. College of Biotechnology, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, Tianjin 300457, China;
2. Key Laboratory of Industrial Fermentation Microbiology, Ministry of Education, Tianjin University of Science
and Technology, Tianjin 300457, China
摘要： 低蛋白日粮技术是解决我国畜禽养殖业饲料资源紧缺的一个重要途径，它以氨基酸营养平衡理论为基础，在不影响动物健康生长的前提下降低饲料中的蛋白质含量，并加入适量的必需氨基酸以满足动物生长过程中的氨基酸营养均衡。但一些关键限制性氨基酸化学合成复杂，生产效率偏低，而生物合成氨基酸生产质量更高，成本更低。因此，开发高效率、低成本的氨基酸生物合成技术，成为低蛋白日粮开发与应用的核心。系统地综述了低蛋白日粮模式中几种限制性氨基酸的生物合成途径和改造策略，并指出底盘菌株的选择和代谢工程改造是高产菌株的关键，介绍生物合成氨基酸的优势菌株，为高产菌株改造提供方法和方向。生物合成限制性氨基酸与低蛋白日粮技术结合，能够更好地促进我国畜牧业的健康发展。
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