Abstract: Tupaia belangeri is a unique small mammal of the Oriental realm. In the present study, the genetic diversity base on Cyt b gene (1073 bp)of 11 geographical populations in Tupaia belangeri was analyzed. The ratio of A+T (55.8%)was higher than that of C+G (44.2%)in the 124 samples, and 262 variable sites and 66 haplotypes found. Phylogenetic tree was built based on Kimura two-parameter Neighbor-joining method, and 11 populatians were divided into 4 branches: Daxin population, Hainan population, Pianma and Tengchong population, and the other populations(Kunming, Xingyi, Dali, Mengla, Hekou, Xichang, Leye). AMOVA analysis showed that variations inter-populations and intra-populations were 75.12% and 24.88%, respectively. The variations mainly occurred among populations and the gene flow between populations was less than 1. All of the result indicated that Tupaia belangeri might have a certain population differentiation. The Tajima′s D and Mismatch distribution test results of neutral detection in Tupaia belangeri were negative, suggesting that Tupaia belangeri has not experienced population expansion in history.

Key words: Tupaia belangeri, Cytochrome b gene, genetic diversity, phylogenetic tree