Abstract: It is known that the incidence of Alzheimer′s disease in women is higher than that in men. Studies showed that estrogen and estrogen receptors were closely related to the pathogenesis of Alzheimer′s disease. In recent years, the influence of hypothalamic pituitary gonadal axis on Alzheimer′s disease has been studied, including LH, FSH and HCG participating in the formation of extracellular senile plaques and intracellular fibrillary tangles in different ways. This article reviewed the role of hypothalamic pituitary gonadal axis hormones in the pathogenesis of Alzheimer′s disease，in order to improve the understanding of this area.

Key words: Alzheimer′s disease, gonadotropin-releasing hormone, estradiol, Tau protein phosphorylation, amyloid-β