Abstract: In this paper, we analyed the correlation between PfKelch13 gene mutation and artemisinin resistance and the differentiation of PfKelch13 gene among populationsin in Myanmar. The results showed that in 190 DNA sequences of kelech domain in PfKelch13 gene from Yunnan blood samples had 13 haplotypes, the expected heterozygosity (He) was 0.0449 and the nonsynonymous mutations sequences accounted for 34.7%(66/190), the F446I mutation rate was the highest with 25.3%(48/190); 19 haplotypes were obtained from 194 DNA sequences from Myanmar bloods samples, the expected heterozygosity (He) was 0.0449 and the nonsynonymous mutations sequences accounted for 58.8% (114/194), and F446I mutation rate was the highest with 43.3%(84/194); the genetic diversity of PfKelch13 gene in kelch domain of Plasmodium falciparum population in Yunnan Province was relatively high, the index of genetic differentiation of two populations was 0.0410 (Fst＝0.0410, P＜0.05), and the variation within the population and amomg the populations accounted for 95.90% and 4.10% respectively. The expected heterozygosity (He) of the OR value between artemisinin resistance and haplotypes was 0.0449 and the nonsynonymous mutations sequences accounted PfKelch13 gene kelch domain at 446 site mutation was 1.640 (95%CI：1.284~2.095) and the OR value of the 12 site mutations was 1.840 (95%CI：1.412-2.398). Therefore, the differentiation degree of Plasmodium falciparum in Yunnan and Myanmar was low in the PfKelch13 gene kelch domain, so the genetic association between the PfKelch13 gene mutation and artemisinin resistance in Myanmar is suitable for the report of Plasmodium falciparum population in Yunnan.

Key words: Plasmodium falciparum report, PfKelch13, atemisinin-resistant, correlation analysis