生物学杂志

生物学杂志 ›› 2026, Vol. 43 ›› Issue (4): 65-.doi: 10.3969/j.issn.2095-1736.2026.04.065

• 高原动物环境适应专题 • 上一篇    下一篇

蜂猴昼夜栖息地利用差异及影响因子研究

田　翔1,2， 胡桓嘉3， 李学富1,2， 杨明伟4， 李志敏5， 鲁　艳5， 李老大5，吕亚东1,2， 李德品1,2， 王荣兴1,2   

  1. 1. 大理大学 东喜玛拉雅研究院， 大理 671003； 2. 大理大学交叉科学中心， 大理 671003；
    3. 德宏州野生动物收容救护中心， 德宏 678400； 4. 云南铜壁关省级自然保护区管护局， 德宏 678400；
    5. 云南南滚河国家级自然保护区管护局， 临沧 677400
  • 出版日期:2026-08-18 发布日期:2026-08-21
  • 通讯作者: 王荣兴，博士，副研究员，研究方向为动物生态学，E-mail：wangrx@eastern-himalaya.cn
  • 作者简介:田翔，硕士研究生，研究方向为动物生态学，E-mail：1841048552@qq.com
  • 基金资助:
    云南省林业和草原局野生动物保护专项（2025GS120D-05）；武汉光谷山水公益基金会（云南省懒猴栖息地监测研究）

Differences and influencing factors of diurnal-nocturnal habitat utilization in Nycticebus bengalensis 

TIAN Xiang1,2, HU Huanjia3, LI Xuefu1,2, YANG Mingwei4, LI Zhimin5, LU Yan5, LI Laoda5,LYU Yadong1,2, LI Depin1,2, WANG Rongxing1,2   

  1. 1. Institute of Eastern-Himalaya Biodiversity Research, Dali University, Dali 671003, China; 2. Center for
    Interdisciplinary Sciences, Dali University, Dali 671003, China; 3. Dehong Wildlife Rescue Center, Dehong 678400,
    China; 4. Yunnan Tongbiguan Provincial Nature Reserve Administration, Dehong 678400, China; 5. Yunnan Nangunhe
    National Nature Reserve Administration, Lincang 677400, China
  • Online:2026-08-18 Published:2026-08-21

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摘要： 本研究在云南德宏州芒市芒杏河及临沧市南滚河保护区，采用卫星项圈追踪技术对2只蜂猴进行定位监测，旨在分析其昼夜栖息地利用差异及影响因子。研究表明，坡向和树冠高度是驱动蜂猴栖息地选择的关键生境因子，且存在显著的昼夜差异。日间，蜂猴倾向于利用偏南诸坡向、坡度中等（10°～30°）、树冠高度为5～20 m的郁闭常绿阔叶林、针叶林及灌丛；夜间则偏好东南诸坡向、坡度中等（10°～30°）、林冠高度为10～20 m的郁闭常绿阔叶林。这种差异可能是其应对高原边缘区域昼夜温差大、觅食需求与天敌威胁的适应性策略，昼间通过被动吸热降低体温调节能耗，契合高原小型兽类的能量节约机制；夜间凭借高林冠庇护躲避天敌、提升觅食效率，同时利用东南坡向的保温特性缓解低温胁迫。本研究首次应用卫星项圈技术实现野生蜂猴精准追踪，填补了高原边缘区域蜂猴昼夜栖息地利用特征的数据空白。结果不仅为蜂猴的精细化保护与栖息地修复提供了科学依据，其揭示的栖息地利用模式也为后续探索夜行性灵长类的高原环境适应机制提供了重要的行为学启示。

关键词: 蜂猴, 卫星项圈追踪, 栖息地利用, 昼夜差异, 行为适应

Abstract: In this study, satellite collar tracking was employed to locate and monitor twoNycticebus bengalensisindividuals in the Mangxinghe area （Dehong Prefecture）, and the Nangunhe Nature Reserve （Lincang Prefecture）, Yunnan Province, aiming to analyze the diurnal and nocturnal differences in their habitat use and the underlying influencing factors. The results showed that slope aspect and canopy height were the key habitat factors driving habitat utilization and exhibiting significant diurnal and nocturnal differences. Diurnally,N. bengalensistended to utilize closed evergreen broadleaved forests, needleleaved forests, and shrublands with south-facing aspects, moderate slopes （10°－30°）, and canopy heights of 5－20 m. Nocturnally, the species showed a strong preference for closed evergreen broadleaved forests with a southeastern aspect, moderate slopes （10°－30°）, and canopy heights of 10－20 m. These differences might reflect an adaptive strategy to cope with pronounced diurnal temperature fluctuations, foraging requirements, and predation risks in this edge-of-plateau region. During the day, such behavior facilitated passive heat absorption to reduce the energy costs of thermoregulation, aligning with the energy-saving strategy observed in small mammals in plateau environments. During the night, this selection relied on dense upper canopy cover to avoid predators and improve foraging efficiency, while the heat-retaining characteristics of southeast-facing slopes helped alleviate low-temperature stress. This study was the first to apply satellite collar technology to achieve precise tracking of wildN. bengalensis, filling a critical data gap regarding the diurnal and nocturnal habitat use characteristics of this species in edge-of-plateau regions. The results not only provided a scientific basis for the targeted conservation and habitat restoration ofN. bengalensis, but also revealed habitat use patterns that provide important behavioral insights for future research into the mechanisms of plateau environmental adaptation in nocturnal primates.

Key words: Nycticebus bengalensis, satellite collar tracking, habitat utilization, diurnal-nocturnal differences, behavioral adaptation

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