生物学杂志

生物学杂志 ›› 2026, Vol. 43 ›› Issue (4): 39-.doi: 10.3969/j.issn.2095-1736.2026.04.039

• 高原动物环境适应专题 • 上一篇    下一篇

全基因组重测序解析喜马拉雅旱獭遗传多样性

邹永强， 加　洛， 杨建国， 郭文涛， 张爱萍， 周奎章， 张静宵， 李　千， 陶元清   

  1. 青海省地方病预防控制所， 西宁 810021
  • 出版日期:2026-08-18 发布日期:2026-08-21
  • 通讯作者: 陶元清，研究员，研究方向为实验动物，E-mail：tyq001@126.com
  • 作者简介:邹永强，硕士研究生，研究方向为实验动物基础研究与野生动物实验动物化，E-mail：15297081339@126.com
  • 基金资助:
    青海省科技计划项目（2020-ZJ-778）

Genetic diversity of the Himalayan marmot （Marmota himalayana）based on whole-genome resequencing 

ZOU Yongqiang, JIA Luo, YANG Jianguo, GUO Wentao, ZHANG Aiping,ZHOU Kuizhang, ZHANG Jingxiao, LI Qian, TAO Yuanqing   

  1. Qinghai Provincial Institute for Endemic Disease Prevention and Control, Xining 810021, China
  • Online:2026-08-18 Published:2026-08-21

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摘要： 为解析旱獭的遗传特征，本研究对青海省7个地区共100只喜马拉雅旱獭进行全基因组重测序，共鉴定到9868432个SNPs，1205326个插入/缺失（InDels）。进一步分析遗传多样性、群体结构、亲缘关系和连续性纯合片段（ROH），结果显示旱獭整体遗传多样性较高（平均核苷酸多态性为0.00007635，观测杂合度为0.423830，期望杂合度为0.407072，多态信息含量为0.31468），群体间存在中低水平的分化且基因流充足。IBS和G矩阵结果表明，个体间亲缘关系普遍较远。遗传结构分析发现，旱獭群体结构主要受地理隔离影响。ROHs检测表明，群体近期近交程度较低，种群遗传状态健康。本研究为旱獭的遗传资源保护及鼠疫的精准防控提供了科学依据。

关键词: 喜马拉雅旱獭, 全基因组重测序, 遗传多样性, 群体结构, 群体进化

Abstract: To analyze the genetic characteristics ofMarmota himalayana, this study performed whole-genome resequencing on 100 Himalayan marmots from seven regions in Qinghai Province, identifying a total of 9868432 SNPs and 1205326 insertions/deletions （InDels）. Further analysis of genetic diversity, population structure, kinship, and runs of homozygosity （ROH） revealed that the marmot population exhibited high genetic diversity, with an average nucleotide diversity of 0.00007635, an average observed heterozygosity of 0.423830, an average expected heterozygosity of 0.407072, and an average polymorphism information content of 0.31468. Inter-population differentiation was moderate to low, with sufficient gene flow. The IBS matrix and G matrix indicated that individuals were generally distantly related. Genetic structure analysis revealed that the marmot population structure was primarily influenced by geographic isolation. ROHs detection showed low recent inbreeding levels, indicating good genetic health. This study provided a scientific basis for the conservation of marmot genetic resources and the precise prevention and control of plague.

Key words: Himalayan marmot （Marmota himalayana）, whole-genome resequencing, genetic diversity, population structure；population evolution

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