生物学杂志

生物学杂志 ›› 2026, Vol. 43 ›› Issue (3): 101-.doi: 10.3969/j.issn.2095-1736.2026.03.101

• 技术方法 • 上一篇    下一篇

苦木快速繁育条件研究

黄华希1， 王雪雪1， 刘芳林1， 魏秋兰2， 朱昌叁2， 迪娜·加尔肯3， 陈　荣1   

  1. 1. 伊犁师范大学 伊犁河谷资源植物保护与利用重点实验室， 伊宁 835000；
    2. 广西壮族自治区林业科学研究院 广西特色经济林培育与利用重点实验室， 南宁 530002；
    3. 中南民族大学 生命科学学院， 武汉 430074
  • 出版日期:2026-06-18 发布日期:2026-06-16
  • 通讯作者: 陈荣，博士，教授，研究方向为药用植物资源保护与利用，E-mail：chentianyigl@126.com
  • 作者简介:黄华希，硕士，高级实验师，研究方向为药材质量评价，E-mail：416972931@qq.com
  • 基金资助:
    广西自然科学基金面上项目（2025GXNSFAA069625）； 新疆维吾尔自治区科技特派员农村科技创业行动计划重点项目(2025KZ014)； 新疆维吾尔自治区第三批天池英才创新领军人才项目资助（2025CXLJ004）

Research on critical factors for rapid propagation of Picrasma quassioides

HUANG Huaxi1, WANG Xuexue1, LIU Fanglin1, WEI Qiulan2, ZHU Changsan2,Dina·Jiaerken3, CHEN Rong1   

  1. 1. Key Laboratory for Resource Plants Protection and Utilization of Yili Valley in Xinjiang, Yili Normal University,
    Yining 835000, China; 2. Guangxi Key Laboratory for Cultivation and Utilization of Special Non-Timber Forest
    Crops, Guangxi Forestry Research Institute, Nanning 530002, China; 3. College of Life Sciences, South-Central
    Minzu University, Wuhan 430074, China
  • Online:2026-06-18 Published:2026-06-16

摘要： 本文探讨林源药材苦木的组织培养与快速繁育条件，为苦木优良单株的无性快繁及新品种培育提供技术资料。以苦木优株萌芽条为外植体，开展侧芽增殖技术研究，筛选出不定芽诱导、增殖和生根、移栽的最优条件，建立苦木高效的快速繁育技术体系。结果表明：初始芽诱导的最佳培养基为A1\[MS培养基中添加花宝1号750 mg/L、Ca（NO3）2460 mg/L和KH2PO470 mg/L\]+ 6-BA 0.4 mg/L+ NAA 0.5 mg/L+ KT 0.5 mg/L，诱导率达97.71%；继代增殖的最佳培养基为A1+6-BA 0.3 mg/L+NAA 0.2 mg/L+IAA 0.5 mg/L+KT 0.3 mg/L，增殖系数达6.87；生根的最佳培养基为1/2A1+IAA 0.5 mg/L+IBA 0.8 mg/L+活性炭0.05 g/L，生根率达98.29%，平均根条数为5；经炼苗后移栽至体积比为黄泥3∶蛭石4∶泥炭3的基质中，移栽成活率为97.41%。

关键词: 苦木, 组织培养, 快速繁殖, 增殖系数

Abstract: This study aimed to establish a technical system for tissue culture and rapid propagation for the forest-derived medicinal plantPicrasma quassioides, thereby providing technical references for the clonal propagation of superiorP. quassioidesindividuals and the development of new cultivars. By utilizing the sprouting shoots of eliteP. quassioidesplants as explants, this research investigated lateral bud proliferation technology and pinpointed the optimal conditions for adventitious bud induction, multiplication, rooting, and transplantation. Consequently, an efficient rapid propagation system forP. quassioideswas successfully developed. The findings indicated that the most effective medium for initial bud induction was A1 \[MS medium supplemented with Hyponex No.1 at 750 mg/L, Ca(NO3)2at 460 mg/L, and KH2PO4at 70 mg/L\]+6-BA at 0.4 mg/L+NAA at 0.5 mg/L+KT at 0.5 mg/L, achieving an induction rate of 97.71%. For subculture and proliferation, the optimal medium was A1+6-BA at 0.3 mg/L+NAA at 0.2 mg/L+IAA at 0.5 mg/L+KT at 0.3 mg/L, with a proliferation coefficient of 6.87. Regarding rooting, the best-performing medium was 1/2A1+IAA at 0.5 mg/L+IBA at 0.8 mg/L+activated carbon at 0.05 g/L, resulting in a rooting rate of 98.29% and an average of 5 roots per plant. Following acclimatization, the plants were transplanted into a substrate with yellow clay, vermiculite, and peat soil in a volume ratio of 3∶4∶3, achieving a transplantation survival rate of 97.41%.

Key words: Picrasma quassioides, tissue culture, rapid propagation, proliferation coefficient

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