生物学杂志 ›› 2019, Vol. 36 ›› Issue (5): 1-.doi: 10.3969/j.issn.2095-1736.2019.05.001

• 特约综述 •    下一篇

肠道驻留病毒调控宿主免疫稳态的研究进展

  

  1. 中国科学技术大学 生命科学学院, 合肥 230031
  • 出版日期:2019-10-18 发布日期:2019-10-11
  • 通讯作者: 江维,教授,主要研究方向为固有免疫以及肠道黏膜免疫,E-mail:ustcjw@ustc.edu.cn
  • 作者简介:刘蕾,博士研究生,主要研究方向为固有免疫以及肠道黏膜免疫,E-mail:leiiu12@mail.ustc.edu.cn
  • 基金资助:
    国家自然科学基金面上项目 (31770991);国家自然科学基金优秀青年科学基金项目 (81722022)

The effect of intestinal resident viruses on the host immune homeostasis

  1. School of Life Science, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230031, China
  • Online:2019-10-18 Published:2019-10-11

摘要: 哺乳动物肠道中栖息着大量共生微生物,包括细菌、病毒和真菌,它们在机体中保持着动态平衡,通过与宿主长期协同进化对机体健康产生了重要影响。过去对肠道共生微生物的报道主要集中于共生菌的研究。近年来,研究人员通过宏基因组学的方法发现肠道中也驻留着大量病毒,根据其宿主不同分为真核病毒和噬菌体。越来越多的证据表明肠道驻留病毒对于维持机体免疫稳态和健康具有重要意义。研究显示,肠道驻留病毒可通过不同的方式调控机体免疫,一方面可直接激活模式识别受体并启动抗病毒相关信号通路,影响机体免疫系统的发育分化和稳态;另一方面可通过改变肠道共生菌组成及其功能的方式间接地调控肠道免疫稳态。肠道驻留病毒失调与多种人类重大疾病,如克隆恩氏病、溃疡性肠炎、肠癌以及糖尿病等的发生发展具有相关性,但其机制尚有待探究。就肠道驻留病毒对宿主免疫稳态的影响作一综述。

关键词: font-size:medium, ">真核病毒;噬菌体;免疫稳态

Abstract: The gut inhabits numerous microorganisms including bacteria, fungi and viruses, which maintains a relationship of dynamic equilibrium and displays a vital role in keeping healthy via coevolution with host. Previous studies about intestinal microorganisms mainly focused on the gut microbiota. In recent years, metagenomic analysis has shown that the intestine harbors various DNA viruses and RNA viruses, including eukaryotic viruses and phages. There is evidence that enteric viruses can mediate immunity through multiple ways. On the one hand, gut viruses can activate pattern recognition receptors (PRRs) to mediate the development and homeostasis of the intestinal immune system directly. On the other hand, it can regulate the composition of commensal microbiota to impact on intestinal immune homeostasis indirectly. In addition, dysbiosis of intestinal resident viruses are often associated with Crohn′s disease, Ulcerative Colitis, Colorectal Cancer and Type 2 Diabetes and its mechanism are still unclear . Thus, intestinal resident viruses play important roles in maintaining immune homeostasis and health. In this review, we summarized recently findings concerning the effect of intestinal resident viruses on immune homeostasis.

Key words: eukaryotic viruses, phages, immune homeostasis

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