生物学杂志

生物学杂志 ›› 2020, Vol. 37 ›› Issue (4): 66-.doi: 10.3969/j.issn.2095-1736.2020.04.066

• 研究报告 • 上一篇    下一篇

西藏拉鲁湿地自然保护区鸟类群落季节动态

  

  1. 1. 西藏自治区高原生物研究所， 拉萨 850000； 2. 西藏自然科学博物馆， 拉萨 850000；3. 西藏自治区职业技术学院， 拉萨 850000
  • 出版日期:2020-08-18 发布日期:2020-08-10
  • 通讯作者: 杨乐，硕士，副研究员，动物生态学，E-mail： yangletibet@126.com
  • 作者简介:周生灵，硕士，助理研究员，动物生态学，E-mail： 919374208@qq.com
  • 基金资助:
    国家自然科学基金（31360141）；中国科学院“西部之光”项目

Seasonal dynamics of bird community in Lhalu watland National Nature Reserve, Tibet, China

  1. 1. Institute of Plateau Biology, Tibet Autonomous Region, Lhasa 850000; 2. Museum of Natural Science of Tibet,Lhasa 850000; 3. Vocational and Technical College， Tibet Autonomous Region, Lhasa 850000, China
  • Online:2020-08-18 Published:2020-08-10

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摘要： 2014年5月至2015年4月期间，采用样线法对拉萨拉鲁湿地鸟类多样性进行了调查。共统计到鸟类69种，隶属于12目26科，占西藏鸟类（600余种）的11.5%，其中国家Ⅰ级保护鸟类1种，国家Ⅱ级保护鸟类1种。区系组成以古北界物种为主，共39种，占物种总数的56.52%，东洋界鸟类17种，广布种13种。留鸟居多，共28（40.58%）种，候鸟24（34.78%）种，冬候鸟和夏候鸟分别为13种和11种，旅鸟或迷鸟共17（24.64%）种。在不同季节鸟类相似度上，春季和夏季的鸟类相似度最高，冬季和夏季的相似度最低。春秋季物种数较丰富，但种群数量较小，冬季鸟类物种数较少，但种群数量较大。各月相比较可以看到1月的鸟类数量最多，5月物种数最高，7月物种数和种群数量均最低。鸟类多样性在5月和11月呈现两个小高峰，全年优势度和均匀性较稳定。

关键词: 拉鲁湿地, 鸟类群落, 物种数, 种群数量, 季节变化

Abstract: From May 2014 to April 2015, we investigated the diversity of birds in the Lhalu wetland, Lhasa， using line transect method. A total of 69 species were recorded, belonging to 26 families, 12 orders, accounting for 11.5% of( more than 600 specie) birds in Tibet of which one species(Grus nigricollis) of I national protection bird and one species of Ⅱ national protection bird were found. The geographic region system was dominated by Palearctic species with 39 species, accounting for 56.52%, including 17 species of Oriental birds and 13 species of widespread species. Resident was in the majority with 28(40.58%) species, followed 24(34.78%) species of migratory bird, 13 winter visitor and 11 summer visitor, and 17(24.64%) species of passage migrant or vagrant visitor. The similarity of birds in different seasons was the highest between spring and summer, and the lowest between winter and summer. In spring and autumn, the number of species was abundant, but the population was small,and in winter the number of species was low, but the population was large. Compared with each month, it could be seen that the population in January was the highest, the number of species in May was the highest, and the population and number of species in July were both the lowest. Bird diversity showed two small peaks in May and November, and the values of Simpson and Pielou were stable throughout the year.

Key words: Lhalu wetland, bird community, birds species, population, seasonal variation

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