生物学杂志

生物学杂志

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乌苏里江拟赤梢鱼肌肉营养成分分析与品质评价

  

  1. 1. 中国水产科学研究院 黑龙江水产研究所， 哈尔滨 150070；2. 上海海洋大学 水产与生命学院， 上海 201306
  • 出版日期:2016-12-18 发布日期:2016-12-18
  • 通讯作者: 孙大江，研究员，主要研究方向为冷水鱼的繁育与保护学，E-mail：13845059350@163.com
  • 作者简介:吴善福，硕士研究生，主要研究方向为鱼类增养殖学，E-mail:wsf51741@sina.cn
  • 基金资助:
    丰满大坝全面治理（重建）工程环保科研项目（JSFW\[2014\]75）

Evaluation of nutritional quality and proximate composition in the muscle of Pseudaspius leptocephalus in Ussuri River

  1. 1. Heilongjiang River Fisheries Research Institute， Chinese Academy of Fishery Science， Harbin 150070；2. College of Fisheries and Life Science， Shanghai Ocean University， Shanghai 201306， China
  • Online:2016-12-18 Published:2016-12-18

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摘要： 采用常规方法对采自乌苏里江的野生拟赤梢鱼（Pseudaspius leptocephalus）肌肉的常规营养成分、氨基酸组成、脂肪酸组成进行测定。结果表明：拟赤梢鱼肌肉中水分、粗蛋白、粗脂肪和灰分的含量分别为77.98%、19.05%、1.66%和1.20%；其肌肉（鲜样）中含有18种氨基酸，总量为19%，其中8种必需氨基酸（EAA），总量为7.79%，2种半必需氨基酸（HEAA），总量为1.63%，8种非必需氨基酸（NEAA），总量为9.57%；其必需氨基酸的构成比例符合联合国粮农组织/世界卫生组织（FAO/WHO）优质蛋白质标准；肌肉中含有4种鲜味氨基酸（DAA），总量为6.99%；肌肉中EPA和DHA含量分别为4.20%和8.04%；根据氨基酸评分（AAS）、化学评分（CS），拟赤梢鱼的限制性氨基酸为Val和Try，其必需氨基酸指数（EAAI）为90.05。综上，拟赤梢鱼是一种具有较高营养价值和食用价值的淡水鱼类，具有良好的开发利用前景。

关键词: 拟赤梢鱼, 营养成分, 氨基酸, 脂肪酸

Abstract: The nutritional quality and the proximate composition including the amino acid and fatty acid composition in muscle of wild P. leptocephalus in the Ussuri River were determined by routine methods. The results showed that the contents of moisture, crude protein, crude fat and ash in fresh muscle of P. leptocephalus were 77.98%, 19.05%, 1.66% and 1.20%, respectively. Eighteen kinds of amino acids were found in muscle of P. leptocephalus including 8 kinds of essential amino acids (EAA). In wet muscle, the content of total amino acids (TAA) was 19%, the content of EAA was 7.79%, 2 kinds of half essential amino acids (HEAA) were 1.63%, 8 kinds of nonessential amino acids (NEAA) were 9.57%; it was clear that the content of different amino acids was stable and the essential amino acid composition met the Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations/World Health Organization (FAO/WHO) standards. Four kinds of delicious amino acids (DAA) accounted for 6.99% in wet muscle. The contents of EPA and DHA in wet muscle were 4.20% and 8.04%, respectively. According to nutrition evaluation in amino acids score (AAS) and chemical score (CS), the limited amino acid of P. leptocephalus was Val and Try, and the essential amino acids index (EAAI) of P. leptocephalus was 90.05. The results indicated that the contents of amino acids and high-unsaturated fatty acids in muscle of P. leptocephalus were higher, and the composition of amino acids was reasonable, thus, P. leptocephalus is a high quality freshwater fish with high nutritive value and health value, which has good prospects for exploitation and utilization. 

Key words: Pseudaspius leptocephalus, nutritional composition, amino acids, fatty acids