生物学杂志

生物学杂志 ›› 2024, Vol. 41 ›› Issue (6): 74-.doi: 10.3969/j.issn.2095-1736.2024.06.074

• 研究报告 • 上一篇    下一篇

柴达木盆地小黑麦与豌豆混播饲草农艺性状和营养品质差异分析

马文艳1,2， 曹　东2， 刘宝龙2， 王东霞1   

  1. 1. 青海大学 农牧学院 省部共建三江源高原农牧业国家重点实验室， 西宁 810018；
    2. 中国科学院西北高原生物研究所 青海省作物分子育种重点实验室， 西宁 810008
  • 出版日期:2024-12-18 发布日期:2024-12-16
  • 通讯作者: 王东霞，博士，副教授，主要从事麦类作物育种与高效栽培技术研究，E-mail:wangdx1127@163.com
  • 作者简介:马文艳，在读硕士生，主要从事麦类作物遗传育种研究，E-mail:mawy4729@163.com
  • 基金资助:
    国家自然科学基金项目（32160439）； 青海省科技计划重点研发与转化计划科技国际合作专项（2022-HZ-803）； 青海省重大科技专项2023年度重点项目（2023-NK-A3）

Analysis on difference of agronomic characters and nutritional quality of mixed sowing for triticale and pea in the Qaidam Basin

MA Wenyan1,2, CAO Dong2, LIU Baolong2, WANG Dongxia1   

  1. 1. State Key Laboratory of Ecology and Agriculture, College of Agriculture and Animal Husbandry,
    Qinghai University, Xining 810018, China; 2. Key Laboratory of Crop Molecular Breeding in Qinghai Province,
    Northwest Institute of Plateau Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xining 810008, China
  • Online:2024-12-18 Published:2024-12-16

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摘要： 研究柴达木盆地小黑麦和豌豆不同混播比例下饲草农艺性状和营养品质差异，筛选适宜柴达木盆地的小黑麦与豌豆混播方式，对缓解该地区饲草供需矛盾具有重要指导意义。研究以小黑麦和豌豆为对象，分析比较不同混播处理下的饲草农艺性状、生产性能和营养品质差异。结果表明：各混播处理下小黑麦的生育期均延长2 d；青饲麦2＋青建1号（P2S2）混播比例为0.7∶0.3时，单株分蘖数比其对照（P2S1）提高4.50%，比青饲麦1＋青建1号（P1S2）和青饲麦6＋青建1号（P3S2）相同混播比例处理下小黑麦单株分蘖数分别提高了69.69%和44.99%，干草产量比其对照（P2S1）提高17.61%。不同禾豆混播组合处理下，饲草的粗蛋白、粗脂肪、钙和磷含量均呈现升高趋势。通过灰色关联度综合评价法，筛选出青饲麦2号＋青建1号(0.7∶0.3)较其他处理具有更高的草产量和更好的营养品质，在该地区推广应用具有更大潜力。

关键词: 小黑麦, 豌豆, 混播方式, 生产性能, 综合评价

Abstract: This study focused on effect of gramineae-legume mixed sowing on its agronomic and quality traits for triticale and peas, and selection of the suitable planting mode for the Qaidam Basin. It has important guiding significance for alleviating the supply-demand contradiction of forage in this region. The results showed that, compared to single sown, the mixed sowing extended the growth period of triticale by 2d. Under the mixed sowing ratio of Qingsimai 2+Qingjian 1 (P2S2) was 0.7∶0.3, the tillering number per plant increased by 4.50%, 69.69% and 44.99%, compared with that of the control (P2S1), and the same mixed sowing ratio groups of Qingsimai 1＋Qingjian 1（P1S2）and Qingsimai 6＋Qingjian 1（P3S2）, respectively. The dry grass yield of P2S2 combination increased by 17.61% compared with that of the P2S1. The crude protein, crude fat, calcium, and phosphorus content of the forage showed an increasing trend under different mixed sowing combinations of grass and beans. Using the grey relational comprehensive evaluation method, the mixed sowing of Qingsimai 2 and Qingjian 1 (0.7∶0.3) showed the excellent performance of agronomic and quality traits. This treatment was the best suitable cultivation mode for mixed sowing of triticale and peas, and there was greater potential for promoting and applying in Qaidam Basin.

Key words: triticale, pea, mixed sowing mode, productivity, comprehensive evaluation

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