生物学杂志

生物学杂志 ›› 2026, Vol. 43 ›› Issue (1): 64-.doi: 10.3969/j.issn.2095-1736.2026.01.064

• 研究报告 • 上一篇    下一篇

盐碱胁迫对沙生柽柳种子萌发及幼苗生理特性的影响

宋　佳， 孙银娇， 蒋羽涵， 唐艺晅， 张　果， 刘艳萍   

  1. 塔里木大学 生命科学与技术学院 塔里木盆地生物资源保护利用省部共建国家重点实验室培育基地，
    阿拉尔 843300
  • 出版日期:2026-02-18 发布日期:2026-02-27
  • 通讯作者: 刘艳萍，博士，教授，研究方向为植物种质资源保存，E-mail：lypzky@163.com
  • 作者简介:宋佳，硕士研究生，研究方向为植物逆境生理，E-mail：2290821720@qq.com
  • 基金资助:
    塔里木大学校长基金创新团队项目（TDZKCK202206）

Effects of saline-alkali stress on seed germination and physiological characteristics of Tamarix taklamakanensis

SONG Jia, SUN Yinjiao, JIANG Yuhan, TANG Yixuan, ZHANG Guo, LIU Yanping   

  1. State Key Laboratory Incubation Base for Provincial-Ministerial Co-established National Key Laboratory of
    Bio-Resource Conservation and Utilization in Tarim Basin, College of Life Sciences and Technology, Tarim University,
    Alar 843300, China
  • Online:2026-02-18 Published:2026-02-27

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摘要： 以荒漠植物沙生柽柳种子为试验材料，采用不同浓度梯度的NaCl、MgCl2、LiCl、NaHCO3溶液进行胁迫处理，研究其种子萌发和幼苗生理特性对不同类型盐分的响应情况，探究沙生柽柳适应不同类型盐碱土的机制，旨在为沙生柽柳保护繁育及盐渍化土地植被恢复提供理论依据。结果表明：随着不同盐溶液浓度升高，沙生柽柳种子的发芽率、发芽势、发芽指数和活力指数逐渐下降，相对盐害率逐渐升高。沙生柽柳幼苗的根长、芽长和鲜重随NaCl浓度升高呈先上升后下降的趋势，低浓度的NaCl（≤100 mmol/L）能够对沙生柽柳幼苗生长起促进作用，幼苗的根受到毒害作用的程度显著高于芽。沙生柽柳种子在萌发期耐盐碱能力极高，尤其对NaCl表现出很强的耐受性。随着不同盐溶液浓度升高，沙生柽柳幼苗的POD、SOD、CAT活性总体呈先升后降趋势，MDA含量呈上升趋势，说明沙生柽柳通过动态调节抗氧化酶活性以应对盐胁迫。4种盐分胁迫对沙生柽柳的影响整体表现为NaHCO3>LiCl>MgCl2>NaCl，说明碱性盐的毒害性强于中性盐，锂盐的毒害性强于镁盐。因此，沙生柽柳适合在以氯化盐为主要成分的盐碱土壤中进行引种和栽培。

关键词: 沙生柽柳, 盐碱胁迫, 种子萌发, 生理特性

Abstract: The seeds of desert plantTamarix taklamakanensiswere used as experimental materials. Different concentrations of NaCl, MgCl2, LiCl, and NaHCO3solutions were used for stress treatment to study the response of seed germination and seedling physiological characteristics to different types of salt, and to explore the mechanism ofT. taklamakanensisadapting to different types of saline-alkali soil, aiming to provide theoretical basis for the protection and breeding ofT. taklamakanensis, and the restoration of saline land vegetation. The results showed that as the concentration of different salt solutions increased, the germination rate, germination potential, germination index, and vigor index ofT. taklamakanensisseeds gradually decreased, while the relative salt damage rate gradually increased. The root length, bud length, and fresh weight ofT. taklamakanensisseedlings initially increased and then decreased with the increase of NaCl concentration. Low concentrations of NaCl (≤100 mmol/L) could promote the growth ofT. taklamakanensisseedlings. The degree of toxicity to the roots of seedlings was significantly higher than that to the shoots. The seeds ofT. taklamakanensisexhibited extremely high salt tolerance during germination, particularly strong tolerance to NaCl. With the increase of different salt concentrations, the activities of POD, SOD and CAT inT. taklamakanensisseedlings initially increased and then decreased, while the content of MDA increased, indicating thatT. taklamakanensisresponded to salt stress by dynamically regulation of the activity of antioxidant enzymes. The effects of four kinds of salt stress onT. taklamakanensiswere ranked as follows: NaHCO3> LiCl > MgCl2> NaCl, indicating that the toxicity of alkaline salt was stronger than that of neutral salt, and the toxicity of lithium salt was stronger than that of magnesium salt. Therefore,T. taklamakanensiswas suitable for introduction and cultivation in saline-alkali soil where chloride was the main component.

Key words: Tamarix taklamakanensis, saline-alkali stress, seed germination, physiological characteristics

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