生物学杂志

生物学杂志 ›› 2021, Vol. 38 ›› Issue (6): 75-.doi: 10.3969/j.issn.2095-1736.2021.06.075

• 研究报告 • 上一篇    下一篇

高寒湿地土壤微生物多样性对氮沉降浓度差异的响应

  

  1. 1. 青海师范大学 生命科学学院 青海省青藏高原药用动植物资源重点实验室，西宁 810008； 2. 青海师范大学 生命科学学院 青海省青藏高原生物多样性形成机制与综合利用重点实验室，西宁 810008
  • 出版日期:2021-12-18 发布日期:2021-12-15
  • 通讯作者: 朱锦福，硕士，副教授，研究方向为生态学，E-mail：zjf@qhnu.edu.cn
  • 作者简介:徐润宏，硕士研究生，研究方向为生态学，E-mail：1192387826@qq.com
  • 基金资助:
    青海省科技厅项目（2019-ZJ-7068）

The response of soil microbial diversity to the difference of Ndeposition concentration in alpine wetland

  1. 1. Qinghai Key Laboratory of Medicinal Animal and Plant Resources on Qinghai.Tibet Plateau, College of Life Sciences,Qinghai Normal University, Xining 810008, China; 2. Key Laboratory of Biodiversity Formation and Comprehensive Utilization on the Qinghai.Tibet Plateau, College of Life Sciences, Qinghai Normal University, Xining 810008, China
  • Online:2021-12-18 Published:2021-12-15

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摘要： 为了解氮沉降背景下高寒湿地土壤微生物多样性对氮沉降的响应，以小泊湖高寒湿地为研究对象，通过4个水平（0、2、5和10 g/m2）的模拟氮添加试验，基于高通量技术，分析土壤细菌和真菌的多样性和群落结构差异。结果表明，细菌的优势菌群为变形菌门（Proteobacteria）、绿弯菌门（Chloroflexi）、酸杆菌门（Acidobacteria）和放线菌门（Actinobacteria），真菌的优势菌门为子囊菌门（Ascomycota）、担子菌门（Basidiomycota）和球囊菌门（Mortierellomycota），氮处理显著改变了细菌和真菌的相对丰度。NMDS分析显示，土壤细菌和真菌的群落结构在氮处理下均发生极显著变化（P＜0.01）。聚类分析表明，随着施氮浓度的上升，土壤微生物的物种组成差距加大。随着施氮浓度的改变，微生物的α多样性指数在0~15 cm土层中发生显著改变，15~30 cm土层变化不显著。细菌和真菌对氮沉降的响应机制不同，细菌的α多样性呈上升趋势，而真菌的α多样性呈下降趋势。可见，氮沉降对土壤微生物结构产生影响，对细菌和真菌多样性的影响存在一定差异，可为氮沉降背景下的湿地管理提供依据。

关键词: 高寒湿地, 氮沉降, 土壤微生物, 多样性, 群落结构

Abstract: In order to understand the response of soil microbial diversity to nitrogen deposition in alpine wetland under the background of nitrogen deposition, four levels (0, 2, 5 and 10 g/m2) were used to simulate nitrogen addition. The diversity and community structure of soil bacteria and fungi were analyzed by high throughput technique. The results showed that the dominant flora of bacteria were Acidobacteria and Actinobacteria of Proteobacteria and that of fungi were Ascomycota Basidiomycota and Mortierellomycota. Nitrogen treatment significantly changed the relative abundance of bacteria and fungi. NMDS analysis showed that the community structure of soil bacteria and fungi changed significantly under nitrogen treatment (P＜0.01). Cluster analysis showed that the difference of soil microbial species composition increased with the increase of nitrogen application concentration. With the change of nitrogen application concentration, the diversity index of microorganisms changed significantly in the 015 cm soil layer, but not significantly in the 1530 cm soil layer. The response mechanism of bacteria and fungi to N deposition was different, the bacterial diversity showed an upward trend, while the fungal diversity showed a downward trend. It can be seen that N deposition has an impact on soil microbial structure and a certain difference on bacterial and fungal diversity, which can provide a basis for wetland management under the background of N deposition.

Key words: alpine wetland, nitrogen deposition, soil microorganism, diversity, community structure

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