生物学杂志

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巢湖重要河口湿地贝类中汞的生物富集研究

  

  1. 安徽大学 资源与环境工程学院, 合肥 230601
  • 出版日期:2017-02-18 发布日期:2017-02-18
  • 通讯作者: 李玉成,教授,研究方向为生物地球化学,E-mail:li-yucheng@163.com
  • 作者简介:余骏,硕士,研究方向为生物地球化学,E-mail:ahuyujun@163.com
  • 基金资助:
    国家自然科学基金项目(41172121)

Bioaccumulation of mercury in Anodonta from the important estuary wetlands in Chaohu Lake

  1. School of Resources and Environmental Engineering, Anhui University, Hefei 230601, China
  • Online:2017-02-18 Published:2017-02-18

摘要: 以巢湖主要河口湿地中的无齿蚌(Anodonta)为研究对象,分析汞在贝类体内的生物积累和空间分布情况。结果表明:研究区的沉积物均受到不同程度的汞污染,其中以十五里河和南淝河河口污染最为严重;无齿蚌对汞和甲基汞具有明显的生物富集,其与对应沉积物中汞和甲基汞含量均呈显著正相关,且生物体内的汞污染分布趋势与沉积物中汞污染水平反映较为一致,表明无齿蚌可作为河口湿地汞污染监测的指示生物。无齿蚌体内不同组织对汞的积累具有明显选择性,表现为外套膜中汞浓度最高,内脏次之,腮和肌肉较低。贝类评价结果表明,巢湖各重要河口湿地无齿蚌中汞和甲基汞含量均符合我国相关限量标准,其食用的健康风险较低,可划入生态保育区进行重点保护和利用。

关键词: 河口湿地, 无齿蚌, 汞, 甲基汞, 生物富集

Abstract: The content and the space distribution of mercury in Anodonta, a representative freshwater shellfish from the main estuary wetlands in Chaohu Lake, were investigated in this study. The results showed that the sediments from the estuary wetlands had been affected by mercury pollution. Especially the pollution in estuary wetlands of Shiwuli River and Nanfei River was most serious. The accumulation of mercury and methyl mercury in Anodonta was obvious and the contents of them were significantly correlated with the contents in sediments. The freshwater shellfish Anodonta was used as an indicator for monitoring the mercury pollution in the estuary wetland. The accumulation of mercury in various tissues had obvious selectivity (mantle>guts>gill and muscle). The shellfish evaluation results showed that the contents of mercury and methyl mercury in Anodonta were lower than the limited standards and had a lower risk for eating. Anodonta in estuary wetlands should be divided into the conservation areas for ecological protection and resource utilization.

Key words: estuary wetland, Anodonta, mercury, methyl mercury, bioaccumulation