生物学杂志

生物学杂志 ›› 2020, Vol. 37 ›› Issue (1): 26-.doi: 10.3969/j.issn.2095-1736.2020.01.026

• 研究报告 • 上一篇    下一篇

水稻脆茎突变体细胞壁组分与茎秆力学性能的研究

  

  1. 1. 中国科学院 合肥物质科学研究院 技术生物与农业工程研究所， 合肥 230031； 2. 中国科学技术大学，合肥 230026
  • 出版日期:2020-02-18 发布日期:2020-03-09
  • 通讯作者: 吴跃进，研究员，主要从事生物物理学研究，E-mail：yjwu@ipp.ac.cn
  • 作者简介:汪清焰，硕士，研究方向为材料的物性与表征，E-mail:928638320@qq.com
  • 基金资助:
    国家重点研发计划(2017YFD0301302);国家自然科学基金项目(31601828);中国科学院科技服务网络计划(STS)区域重点项目(KFJ-STS-QYZD-020);安徽省重大专项(18030701205)

ell wall components and mechanical properties in brittle culm mutants of rice

  1. 1. Institute of Technical Biology and Agriculture Engineering, Hefei Institutes of Physical Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hefei 230031； 2. University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China
  • Online:2020-02-18 Published:2020-03-09

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摘要： 水稻抗倒伏能力是稳定水稻生产力的重要因素。利用重离子辐照水稻‘武运粳7号’(野生型)获得11种脆茎突变体。基于上述12种材料，研究成熟期细胞壁组分与水稻茎秆弯曲强度和拉应力等力学性能的关系，以期为水稻抗倒伏品种选育提供科学借鉴。研究结果表明，脆茎突变体茎秆细胞壁纤维素含量均比野生型低，降低幅度为4.45%~33.63%；半纤维含量高于野生型，提高幅度为19.80%~37.88%。茎秆弯曲强度与纤维素含量呈显著正相关(R=0.9342)。分别分析倒1至倒4 4个节间的拉应力与纤维素含量关系，其相关系数分别为:R1=0.8475，R2=0.9212，R3=0.8791，R4=0.9203(P<0.05)；4个节间的拉应力与半纤维素和木质素含量没有明显线性关系。上述结果表明茎秆脆性的力学特性主要由细胞壁组分中纤维素决定。

关键词: 脆茎突变体, 茎秆, 细胞壁组分, 弯曲强度, 拉应力

Abstract: Lodging-resistant capacity is vital for maintaining rice productivity. The current study obtained eleven brittle culm mutants via heavy ion irradiation on a rice cultivar ‘Wuyunjing 7’. The effects of stem cell wall components on bending strength and tensile stress of wild type rice and its brittle stem mutants at maturity stage were studied. It aimed to provide some theoretical supports for breeding lodging-resistant rice cultivars. The results showed that the cellulose content in stem cell wall of brittle culm mutants was 4.45%-33.63% lower than that of the wild type. The hemicellulose content in stem cell wall of brittle culm mutants was 19.80%-37.88% greater than that of the wild type. There was a significant positive correlation between stem bending strength and cellulose content (R=0.9342). The correlation coefficients of tensile stress and cellulose content for the first to fourth internodes were R1 =0.8475, R2=0.9212, R3=0.8791, and R4 =0.9203, respectively. There was no significant correlation between tensile stress and the content of hemicellulose and lignin. The findings indicated that the mechanical properties of stem brittleness were mainly decided by cellulose in the stem cell wall.

Key words: brittle culm mutant, stalk, cell wall components, bending strength, tensile stress

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