生物学杂志

生物学杂志

• 技术方法 • 上一篇    下一篇

兽骨明胶的新提取工艺研究

  

  1. 北京理工大学 生命学院, 北京 100081
  • 出版日期:2017-12-18 发布日期:2017-12-18
  • 通讯作者: 赵东旭，博士，研究生导师，研究方向为生物活性成分的分离分析，E-mail:zhaodx@bit.edu.cn
  • 作者简介:许立新，硕士研究生，专业方向为生物学，E-mail：xulixin1993@126.com
  • 基金资助:
    面向公共安全用纳米材料及诊断技术的研发（2013AA032204）

Study on the new extraction technology of gelatin in animal bone

  1. School of Life Sciences, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081, China
  • Online:2017-12-18 Published:2017-12-18

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摘要： 对传统明胶提取工艺进行改造有助于提高生产效率。以破碎后的兽骨骨粒为原料，利用超声波辅助技术提取明胶，对提取的明胶性质进行表征。通过单因素试验探讨了盐酸浓度、超声功率、浸泡时间、浸酸料液比对原料矿物质去除的影响，确定去除矿物质的条件为：盐酸浓度为3%，超声功率为1000 W，浸酸料液质量比为1∶ 10，浸酸时间为3 d。在随后的浸碱操作中，研究了浸碱时间、超声功率、水提pH、水提料液比对明胶提取率的影响。最终优化明胶提取条件为：浸碱时间6 d，超声功率为1000 W，水提pH 5，水提料液质量比为3∶ 10。在最佳浸碱和提胶条件下，明胶的提取率达14.52%。以SDS-PAGE电泳和BCA法作为检测手段检测明胶分子相对分子质量和提取率。最终结果表明：明胶的分子质量主要分布在20.0~94.4 ku之间，在60℃下蛋白提取率较高。

关键词: 兽骨, 明胶, 超声波

Abstract: The improvement of the traditional gelatin extraction process can help to improve the production efficiency. We used animal bones to extract gelatin by ultrasonic technique. Based on the single factor experiments, the influence of the hydrochloric acid concentration, ultrasonic power, pickling time, ratio of liquid to materials for removing minerals was determined. The bone was desalted with HCl on the best conditions as follows: HCl concentration, 3%; ultrasonic power, 1000 W; pickling time 3 d, the weight of bone: the weight of HCl 1∶ 10. The best condition for the gelatin extraction yield was determined as follows: alkali soaking time, 6 d; ultrasonic power, 1000 W; water extraction pH 5; the weight of bone∶ the weight of water, 3∶ 10. The gelatin extraction yield was 14.52% under the best condition. The distribution of gelatin molecules was measured by SDS-PAGE, while the relative content mass was measured by BCA method. The SDS-PAGE results showed that distribution of gelatin molecules was within a range from 20.0 to 94.4 ku. The protein extraction rate was higher at 60℃.

Key words: animal bone, gelatin, ultrasonic wave