生物学杂志

生物学杂志 ›› 2025, Vol. 42 ›› Issue (5): 53-.doi: 10.3969/j.issn.2095-1736.2025.05.053

• 研究报告 • 上一篇    下一篇

A-超家族芋螺毒素基因内含子结构及其遗传进化分析

徐国飞1， 刘坤鹏2， 罗素兰1,2， 长孙东亭1,2   

  1. 1. 海南大学 热带生物资源教育部重点实验室， 海口 570228；
    2. 广西大学 医学院 广西特色生物医药重点实验室， 南宁 530004
  • 出版日期:2025-10-18 发布日期:2025-10-14
  • 通讯作者: 长孙东亭，教授、研究员，从事海洋生物多肽分子的发现及其生物活性研究，E-mail：zhangsundt@163.com
  • 作者简介:徐国飞，硕士，研究方向为生物化学与分子生物学，E-mail：1255763067@qq.com
  • 基金资助:
    国家自然科学基金项目（82360698)； 广西科技基地和人才专项（桂科AD22035948）

Intron structure of A-superfamily conotoxin genes and their phylogenetic analysis

XU Guofei1, LIU Kunpeng2, LUO Sulan1,2, ZHANGSUN Dongting1,2   

  1. 1. Key Laboratory of Ministry of Education for Tropical Biological Resources, Hainan University, Haikou 570228, China;
    2. Guangxi Key Laboratory of Special Biomedicine, Medical School, Guangxi University, Nanning 530004, China
  • Online:2025-10-18 Published:2025-10-14

摘要： 从南海产的帝王芋螺(Conus imperialis)、玉女芋螺(Conus virgo)和大理石芋螺(Conus marmoreus)等3种芋螺的基因组DNA中，通过设计特异性引物进行分子克隆，克隆得到8条A-超家族芋螺毒素前体基因全序列，其中，帝王芋螺4条、玉女芋螺2条、大理石芋螺2条，并分析其内含子序列特征、分子进化与食性之间的关系。对A-超家族芋螺毒素基因的序列结构特征进行系统分析，构建其内含子的系统进化树。克隆到的A-超家族芋螺毒素基因内含子长度为139~1010 bp，而GT或TG二核苷酸简单重复序列（单元）均位于内含子末端，表明A-超家族芋螺毒素内含子区可能存在插入/缺失现象。研究首次在帝王芋螺、玉女芋螺和大理石芋螺中克隆出A-超家族芋螺毒素的完整基因序列，表明A-超家族芋螺毒素前体基因内含子的进化受到食性的影响，阐述该超家族基因结构特征及其分子进化机制。此外，同一超家族芋螺毒素前体基因中的内含子具有保守性，可作为特异引物设计的依据，从其他不同种类的芋螺及其个体中发现更多的新芋螺肽氨基酸序列，将为后续人工合成和新药研发提供大量的新分子。

关键词: A-超家族芋螺毒素, 内含子, 简单重复序列, 系统进化树, 芋螺

Abstract: In this study, specific primers were designed for molecular cloning from the genomic DNA of three cone snails from the South China Sea:Conus imperialis, Conus virgo, andConus marmoreus. The authors cloned the complete sequence of 8 A-superfamily conotoxin precursor genes, with 4 fromC. imperialis, 2 fromC. virgo, and 2 fromC. marmoreus. The authors analyzed the intron sequence characteristics and the relationship between molecular evolution and diet, conducted a systematic analysis of the sequence structural A-superfamily conotoxin gene structures, and constructed an intron-based phylogenetic tree. The intron lengths of the A-superfamily conotoxin genes ranged from 139 bp to 1010 bp, and the GT or TG dinucleotide simple repeat sequences (units) were all located at the intron ends, indicating possible insertions/deletions in the A-superfamily conotoxin intron region. This study represented the first complete cloning of A-superfamily conotoxin genes fromC. imperialis,C. virgo, andC. marmoreus. It indicated that the evolution of introns in the A-superfamily conotoxin precursor genes was influenced by diet, and elaborated on the structural features and the molecular evolutionary mechanisms of this superfamily gene. Additionally, intron conservation in conotoxin precursor genes of the same superfamily served as molecular markers for primer design, which discovered more new conopeptide amino acid sequences from different species and individuals ofConus. This research is expected to provide a plethora of new molecules for subsequent artificial synthesis and new drug development.

Key words: A-superfamily conotoxin, intron, simple sequence repeat, phylogenetic tree, Conus

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