生物学杂志 ›› 2026, Vol. 43 ›› Issue (5): 54-.doi: 10.3969/j.issn.2095-1736.2026.05.054

• 研究报告 • 上一篇    下一篇

安徽清凉峰国家级自然保护区黄山梅资源调查

杨蒙恩1, 陈 越1, 唐云龙2, 王 剑2, 邵剑文1
  

  1. 1. 安徽师范大学 生命科学学院, 芜湖 241000; 2. 安徽省绩溪清凉峰自然保护区管理站, 宣城 245300
  • 出版日期:2026-10-18 发布日期:2026-10-20
  • 通讯作者: 邵剑文,博士,教授,研究方向为植物资源调查与保护利用,E-mail:shaojw@ahnu.edu.cn
  • 作者简介:杨蒙恩,硕士,研究方向为植物资源调查与保护利用,E-mail:3425930931@qq.com
  • 基金资助:
    国家自然科学基金项目(32470380)

Resource survey of Kirengeshoma palmata in Anhui Qingliangfeng National Nature Reserve

YANG Meng’en1, CHEN Yue1, TANG Yunlong2, WANG Jian2, SHAO Jianwen1   

  1. 1. College of Life Sciences, Anhui Normal University, Wuhu 241000, China;
    2. Jixi Management Station of Anhui Qingliangfeng National Nature Reserve, Xuancheng 245300, China
  • Online:2026-10-18 Published:2026-10-20

摘要: 黄山梅(Kirengeshoma palmata)是多年生大型直立草本,是东亚地区特有的孑遗植物,也是中国国家二级重点保护野生植物。安徽清凉峰国家级自然保护区是其核心分布区之一,但目前该区域的黄山梅种群资源现状还不清楚,本文通过线路踏查法对保护区及其周边的黄山梅种群现状进行调查。结果共记录黄山梅分布斑块67处826丛,它们主要集中分布在海拔900~1400 m的4个片区内,且丛数较多的斑块分布海拔也相对较高,生境以落叶阔叶林为主。4个片区植株类型的组成上均以“无花丛”和“开花丛”为主,“幼株”和“退化株”相对较少;丛的分枝数均以1~3个为主。片区间主要差异:栈岭湾源片区退化株占比相对较高;十八龙潭片区丛的分枝数以2~3个为主,而其他片区以1个分枝丛为主;十八龙潭片区平均每丛开花的分枝最多,而斜架片区的最少。在全球气候变暖背景下,黄山梅喜凉生物学特性和其分布有限的海拔上移空间很可能是导致其濒危的主要因素,据此本研究提出相应的保护建议。

关键词: 黄山梅, 安徽清凉峰国家级自然保护区, 种群现状, 濒危, 保护建议

Abstract: Kirengeshoma palmata, an endemic relict plant in East Asia, is a robust perennial erect herbaceous species and is listed as a Class Ⅱ National Key Protected Wild Plant of China. The Anhui Qingliangfeng National Nature Reserve represents one of its core distribution areas. However, the current status of theK. palmatapopulation in this area remains unclear. In this study, the current population status ofK. palmatain this nature reserve and its surrounding areas was investigated using the line-transect method. A total of 826 clumps distributed across 67 patches were documented, primarily concentrated in four areas at elevations between 900 and 1400 m. Patches with more clumps tended to occur at higher altitudes. In terms of plant type composition across the four areas, “non-flowering clumps” and “flowering clumps” were dominant, while “Juvenile” and “degenerated clumps” were relatively scarce. The number of branches per clump was mostly between one and three. Key differences among the areas included: a relatively high proportion of degenerated clumps in the Zhanlingwanyuan Area; the Shibalongtan Area predominantly had clumps with 2-3 branches, whereas other areas were dominated by single-branch clumps; the Shibalongtan Area also had the highest average number of flowering branches per clump, while the Xiejia Area had the lowest. In the context of global warming, the cool-preferring biological characteristics ofK. palmataand its limited upward shift within a confined elevation range are likely the primary factors endangering its survival. Corresponding conservation recommendations have been proposed based on this analysis.

Key words: Kirengeshoma palmata, Anhui Qingliangfeng National Nature Reserve, population status, endangered, conservation suggestions

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