生物学杂志

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野生短尾猴集群运动的跟随者特征研究

  

  1. 1. 安徽师范大学 生命科学学院, 芜湖 241000; 2 安徽大学 资源与环境工程学院, 合肥 230601;3. 合肥师范学院 生命科学学院, 合肥 230601
  • 出版日期:2019-02-18 发布日期:2019-02-18
  • 通讯作者: 李进华,教授,博士生导师,研究方向为动物行为生态学,E-mail: jhli@ahu.edu.cn
  • 作者简介:李博文,硕士研究生,研究方向为灵长类行为生态学,E-mail:18298268728@163.com
  • 基金资助:
    国家自然科学基金(31672307,31372215);野生短尾猴的集群运动与协商决策研究项目(Y06071706)

Collective movement and characteristics of followers in Tibetan macaques (Macaca thibetana

  1. 1. School of Life Sciences, Anhui Normal University, Wuhu 241000; 2. School of Resources and Environmental Engineering, Anhui University, Hefei 230601;3. School of Life Sciences, Hefei Normal University, Hefei 230601, China
  • Online:2019-02-18 Published:2019-02-18

摘要: 群居动物在群体运动过程中通过形成领导-跟随模式以保持运动方向和时间的一致性,这一模式在长期进化中被选择下来。目前大多数研究集中于领导力的类型及其影响因素,但较少关注对跟随者特征的研究。为了探究跟随者与集群运动成功率之间的潜在关系,以安徽黄山的野生短尾猴(Macaca thibetana) YA1群为研究对象,采用全事件取样法(All occurrences recording)、目标动物取样法(Focal animal sampling)和随机取样法(Ad libitum sampling)观察记录成年个体在集群运动中的跟随过程,阐明跟随者的特点和影响因素,分析跟随者对集群运动成功率的影响。结果发现:跟随者特征向量中心度与加入集群运动的次序存在正相关关系(P=0.000),跟随者年龄与集群运动成功率无相关性(P=0.728),潜在跟随者的数量与集群运动的成功发起时间无相关性(P=0.669),跟随者的亲缘关系与集群运动成功率之间也存在正相关关系(P=0.000)。此外,社会等级与集群运动成功率之间存在正相关关系(雄性:P=0.030;雌性:P=0.001)。这些结果表明跟随者的社会中心度、社会等级以及亲缘关系在集群运动中起着重要作用,决定着集群运动的成功率。为揭示群居动物维持群体凝聚力提供了新的视角。

关键词: 短尾猴, 集群运动, 跟随, 特征

Abstract: Social animals keep uniform actions about direction of motion and departure time during collective movement by leader-follower model, and the model has been chosen in the evolution process. Most of recent studies focus on leadership and its influence on collective movements, but less of them explore the follower aspects. To probe into the relationship between followers and collective movements, we conducted a study on the joining process in a group of free-ranging Tibetan macaques (Macaca thibetana) at Huangshan, China, using all occurrences recording, focal animal sampling and ad libitum sampling. Results showed that follower′s number and age had no effect on collective movement, but centrality coefficient, social rank and the coefficient of relatedness had positive correlations with collective movements. Our study might provide a new perspective on how to achieve group cohesion in social animals.

Key words: Tibetan macaques, collective movement, follow, characteristics

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