生物学杂志

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大菊头蝠回声定位声波与激进叫声特征

  

  1. 1. 河南理工大学 资源环境学院, 焦作 454000;2. 东北师范大学 环境学院 吉林省动物资源保护与利用重点实验室, 长春 130117
  • 出版日期:2018-12-18 发布日期:2018-12-18
  • 通讯作者: 刘森,讲师,研究方向为动物分子生态学,E-mail:lius649@hpu.edu.cn; 江廷磊,副教授,研究方向为动物生态学,E-mail:jiangtl730@nenu.edu.cn
  • 基金资助:
    国家自然科学基金项目(No.31400320,No.31470457);吉林省动物资源保护与利用重点实验室开放课题(No.130028686);河南理工大学博士基金(No. B2013-074);青年骨干教师资助计划项目(No.2015-18)

The characteristics of echolocation and aggressive calls of the Woolly horseshoe bat (Rhinolophus luctus

  1. 1. Institute of Resources & Environment, Henan Polytechnic University, Jiaozuo 454000;2. Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Resource Conservation and Utilization, School of Environment, Northeast Normal University, Changchun 130117, China
  • Online:2018-12-18 Published:2018-12-18

摘要: 大菊头蝠是一种大型的菊头蝠科蝙蝠,经常独居或成对生活,数量稀少,不易捕获,其声学信息十分缺乏。2016年5月于河南省内乡县七里坪乡北湾村一人工隧道(N33°22′,E111°55′)内采集到1只雄性大菊头蝠(前臂长69.24 mm,体重13.1 g),采用超声波监听仪Sound Gate 116录制其回声定位叫声和激进叫声声波,并采用声谱分析软件Avisoft-SASLab Pro version 5.1进行声波分析。大菊头蝠回声定位声波主频约为31.8 kHz, 激进叫声包括两种简单音节(BNBl、bUFM)和一种组合音节(NB-UFM)。这3种音节组合成6种短语,一般以BNBl音节开头,BNBl音节或NB-UFM音节作为中间音节,最后以NB-UFM音节或bUFM音节结尾。短语多以双音节、三音节、四音节短语为主,而多音节短语的数量比较少,可能有利于节省能量,且符合Morton动机-结构规则。大菊头蝠回声定位声波和激进叫声的报道,为该物种的声通讯行为的进一步研究提供了一定的基础数据。

关键词: 翼手目(蝙蝠), 大菊头蝠, 激进叫声, 动机-结构规则

Abstract:  The woolly horseshoe bat (Rhinolophus luctus), a large Rhinolophidae species, is vast unknown in its acoustic information, because of its smaller population. Echolocation and aggressive calls of a male R. luctus (Forearm 69.24 mm, Weight 13.1 g), which was captured in an artificial tunnel in Beiwan Village (N33°22′, E111°55′), Qiliping Country, Neixiang Town, Henan Province in May 2016, were recorded by ultrasound recorder (Sound Gate 116, Avisoft Bioacoustics, Germany), and analyzed by Avisoft-SASLab Pro version 5.1. The peak frequency of echolocation calls is about 31.8 kHz. Its aggressive calls contain two simple syllables (BNBl, bUFM) and one composite syllable (NB-UFM), forming 6 types of phrases. The phrases, in general, begin with BNBl syllable, and end with NB-UFM or bUFM syllable; BNBl or NB-UFM syllable will occur as middle syllables in the longer phrases. Most of these phrases, only consisting with 2, 3, or 4 syllables, indicating that shorter phrases could save energy. The aggressive calls of R. luctus also conform to accord the Morton motivation-structural rules. This work supports basic data for the further research in the acoustic communication of R. luctus.

Key words: Chiroptera (bats), Rhinolophus luctus, aggressive calls, motivation-structural rules

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