生物学杂志 ›› 2024, Vol. 41 ›› Issue (3): 1-.doi: 10.3969/j.issn.2095-1736.2024.03.001

• 特约综述 •    下一篇

生物冶金技术的研究现状及发展趋势

杨宝军1,2, 刘 洋1,2, 刘红昌1,2, 李咏梅3, 甘 敏1,2, 王 军1,2, 廖 蕤1,2, 章 可1,2


朱振宇1,2, 邱冠周1,2
  

  1. 1. 中南大学 资源加工与生物工程学院, 长沙 410083; 2. 中南大学 生物冶金教育部重点实验室,
    长沙 410083; 3. 南华大学 资源环境与安全工程学院, 衡阳 421001
  • 出版日期:2024-06-18 发布日期:2024-06-17
  • 通讯作者: 王军,博士,教授,研究领域为矿冶工程,E-mail:wjwq2000@126.com;邱冠周,博士,教授,中国工程院院士,研究领域为矿冶工程,E-mail:qgz@csu.edu.cn;王军和邱冠周为共同通信作者
  • 作者简介:杨宝军,博士,副教授,研究方向为生物冶金,E-mail:yangbaojun0312@126.com;刘洋,博士,副教授,研究方向为生物冶金,E-mail:liuyang2022@csu.edu.cn;杨宝军和刘洋为共同第一作者
  • 基金资助:
    国家重点研发计划项目(2022YFC2105300)

Research status and development trends of bioleaching technology

YANG Baojun1,2, LIU Yang1,2, LIU Hongchang1,2, LI Yongmei3, GAN Min1,2, WANG Jun1,2,#br# LIAO Rui1,2, ZHANG Ke1,2, ZHU Zhenyu1,2, QIU Guanzhou1,2   

  1. 1. School of Minerals Processing and Bioengineering, Central South University, Changsha 410083, China;
    2. Key Lab of Biometallurgy of Ministry of Education of China, Central South University, Changsha 410083, China;
    3. School of Resources Environment and Safe Engineering, University of South China, Hengyang 421001, China
  • Online:2024-06-18 Published:2024-06-17

摘要: 低品位矿产资源的开发利用制约着全球绿色可持续发展,生物冶金技术是实现矿物加工和有色金属冶金领域绿色可持续发展的前沿性技术,同时在矿山重金属污染场地原位修复中发挥重要作用。综述了生物冶金技术的基本概念、微生物生理特征和作用机制,以及生物冶金在硫化铜矿浸出、难处理金矿氧化预处理、铀矿浸提、稀土提取等方面的应用和研究现状,提出未来应针对高效浸出微生物选育、生物浸出界面作用机制、高效节能装置和工程化技术等方面开展研究,并进一步拓展生物冶金技术研究及应用领域。

关键词: 生物冶金, 铜矿, 金矿, 铀矿, 稀土

Abstract: The development and the utilization of low-grade mineral resources constrain global green and sustainable development. Bioleaching technology is a cutting-edge technology for achieving green and sustainable development in mineral processing and non-ferrous metal metallurgy and plays an important role inin-situremediation of heavy metal pollution sites in mines. This article reviewed the basic concepts, microbial physiological characteristics, and mechanisms of action of biotechnology, as well as the application and research status of biotechnology in copper ore extraction, refractory gold ore oxidation pretreatment, uranium ore extraction, and rare earth extraction. In the future, research should be conducted on the selection of high-efficiency leaching microorganisms, the interface mechanism of bioleaching, high-efficiency energy-saving devices, and engineering technologies, and further expanding the application fields of bioleaching technology.

Key words: bioleaching, copper mine, gold mine, uranium mine, rare earth ore

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