生物学杂志

生物学杂志 ›› 2021, Vol. 38 ›› Issue (3): 88-.doi: 10.3969/j.issn.2095-1736.2021.03.088

• 研究报告 • 上一篇    下一篇

铅镉污染矿区优势植物叶表型变异分析及综合评价

  

  1. 河池学院化学与生物工程学院, 河池546300
  • 出版日期:2021-06-18 发布日期:2021-06-21
  • 通讯作者: 韦岩松，硕士，教授，主要从事矿区重金属土壤污染治理工作，E-mail：weiyans@126.com
  • 作者简介:曹晶潇，硕士，讲师，主要从事污染生态学研究，E-mail：360167379@qq.com
  • 基金资助:
    国家自然科学基金项目(21563010);广西自然科学基金项目(2018GXNSFBA294004);广西教育厅中青年教师基础能力提升项目(KY2016YB386，2019KY0626)

Variation in three dominant plant species leaf traits and comprehensive evaluation under heavy metal pollution in mining areas

  1. School of Chemistry and Bioengineering, Hechi University, Hechi 546300, China
  • Online:2021-06-18 Published:2021-06-21

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摘要： 以广西河池南丹矿区优势植物粽叶芦［Thysanolaena latifolia(Roxb.)Honda］、类芦［Neyraudia reynaudiana (kunth.)Keng］、芒草(Miscanthus sinensisAnderss)为研究对象，分别对采自不同 Pb、Cd污染土壤下 3种植物各 6个种群的株高、叶面积、比叶面积(SLA)、叶干物质质量(LDMC)表型性状进行测量。结果表明：粽叶芦、类芦、芒草表型性状种群间的平均方差分量(80.65%、64.25%和76.17%)均大于种群内的平均方差分量(6.79%、24.30%和15.57%)，即变异主要来源于种群间；表型性状的平均分化系数分别为 91.64%、72.24%和83.83%，平均变异系数分别为 16.10%、19.31%和22.13%，变异幅度分别为 8.86%~25.43%、6.46%~34.82%及11.49%~36.39%。3种植物中芒草表现出最低的 SLA(110.75±23.69)cm2/g、中等水平的 LDMC(0.37±0.06)g/g；类芦表现出中等水平的 SLA(139.89±10.66) cm2/g和LDMC最大(0.39±0.03)g/g；粽叶芦表现出最高水平的 SLA(142.98±40.41) cm2/g和中等水平的LDMC(0.37±0.04)g/g。土壤 pH值、含水量、TP 与粽叶芦、芒草多数性状存在显著相关性，类芦表型与 8个土壤因子不存在显著相关性。

关键词: 表型分化, 异质环境, 植物修复, 杂草资源, 重金属污染

Abstract: In this study， three dominant species from mining area of Nandan county including Thysanolaena latifolia(Roxb.) Honda, Neyraudia reynaudiana (kunth.) Keng and Miscanthus sinensis Anderss were selected to investigate phenotypic traits in respond to the heavy metal pollution (lead and cadmium) by means of variance, variation coefficient and correlation analysis. The results showed that variation in population (80.65%, 64.25% and 76.17%) was greater than that among populations (6.79%, 24.30% and 15.57%) among three dominant plant species, the average differentiation coefficients of phenotypic traits were 91.64%, 72.24% and 83.83%, respectively, and the variation in population was the variation of three dominant plant species.The average variation coefficients of the three dominant plant species were 16.10%, 19.31% and 22.13%, respectively, and their variation ranges were 8.86%-25.43%, 6.46%-34.82% and 11.49%-36.39%, respectively. The M. sinensis showed the lowest SLA(110.75±23.69) cm2/g and the middle level LDMC(0.37±0.06) g/g; the N. reynaudiana showed the highest SLA(139.89±10.66) cm2/g, the middle level LDMC(0.39±0.03) g/g, and the T. maxima showed the highest SLA(142.98±40.41) cm2/g and the middle level LDMC(0.37±0.04) g/g. The pH value, water content and TP of soil were significantly correlated with significant characters of T. maxima and M. sinensis, while phenotype traits of N. reynaudiana was not significantly correlated with eight soil factors.

Key words: phenotypic differentiation, heterogeneous environment, phytoremediation, weed resources, heavy metal pollution

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